This study aims to explore the innovations of Islamic schools in Lombok in the face of the disruption era. SDIT Anak Sholeh Mataram is a representation of a school that made the innovation effort. Data were obtained using the methods of observation, interviews, and documentation. Meanwhile, the theory used to analyze the problem in this study is to adapt the theory of "natural drift." Based on this theory, schools are living systems. The results show that SDIT Anak Sholeh Mataram succeeded in existing and surviving in its interaction and adaptation with its environment. This success was supported by school innovations in the form of a program called "School Culture." This program is a model designed and implemented in order to develop students' personal and social skills. This program emphasizes the practice of religious values in the daily lives of students. Evaluation of "School Culture" is done in writing and non-writing adjusted to the form of activities in the program. The success of this program lies in the active collaboration between schools, parents, the community, and the government. A note for this program is the need to instill awareness in all School Culture activities. This innovative program succeeded in triggering the appreciation of the SDIT shown by the people of Mataram.
This research interrogates the status of citizenship education in Irish secondary schools. The following questions are examined: How does school culture impact on citizenship education? What value is accorded to the subjects, Civic, Social and Political Education (CSPE) and Social, Personal and Health Education (SPHE)? To what extent are the subjects of both the cognitive and non-cognitive curricula affirmed? The importance of these factors in supporting the social, ethical, personal, political and emotional development of students is explored. The concept of citizenship is dynamic and constantly evolving in response to societal change. Society is increasingly concerned with issues such as: globalisation; cosmopolitanism; the threat of global risk; environment sustainability; socio-economic inequality; and recognition/misrecognition of new identities and group rights. The pedagogical philosophy of Paulo Freire which seeks to educate for the conscientisation and humanisation of the student is central to this research. Using a mixed methods approach, data on the insights of students, parents, teachers and school Principals was collected. In relation to Irish secondary school education, the study reached three main conclusions. (1) The educational stakeholders rate the subjects of the non-cognitive curriculum poorly. (2) The subjects Civic, Social and Political education (CSPE), and Social, Personal and Health Education (SPHE) command a low status in the secondary school setting. (3) The day-to-day school climate is influenced by an educational philosophy that is instrumentalist in character. Elements of school culture such as: the ethic of care; the informal curriculum; education for life after school; and affirmation of teachers, are not sufficiently prioritised in supporting education for citizenship. The research concludes that the approach to education for citizenship needs to be more robust within the overall curriculum, and culture and ethos of the Irish education system.
The COVID-19 pandemic caused teachers and learners to be removed from their school communities, negatively impacting school culture, and limiting teacher professional development (PD). Online PD programmes emerged to meet these needs. This study investigated how schools implemented teacher PD and mechanisms for teaching and learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. It was necessary to understand the complex interplay between school culture and teacher PD, and Wenger's social learning theory was used to prescribe the empirical prescription. This study examined the influence of school culture on Mathematics and Science teacher development during the COVID-19 pandemic. A qualitative approach was used to compare three independent schools in the same Educational Trust in Gauteng. The empirical findings of this study revealed that the COVID-19 pandemic had a significant influence on the school culture, consequently giving rise to explicit professional learning communities (PLCs), which in turn influenced the teachers' pedagogical repertoires for curriculum delivery during a pandemic. The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the importance of schools transforming their practices and adapting their school cultures. Results showed that school culture is not static, and individuals had to reflect collectively to develop ideas to transform learning. Schools need to learn from the pandemic, adjust their values, and use their newfound insights and beliefs to work towards a new learning culture. Future research must evaluate unfolding PLC practices, strategies, and implementations during a crisis.
The South African government attaches high priority on education hence a bigger share of the country's budget is allocated to education. Literature presents a growing concern that South African public schools are not performing well with a number of contributing factors for learner poor performance. However, despite poor learner performance in some schools, there remain a number of schools who continuously produce pleasing results. It against this background that this paper sought to determine whether school culture has a contribution to Grade12 learners' academic performance in selected secondary schools in the Eastern Cape Province. This paper used the Social Interactionist Theory (Mead, 1934) as it lenses, which seeks to understand events and circumstances around us and influence behaviour. This paper is located in the interpretivist paradigm and employed qualitative approach to gain experiences and opinions of participants on the influence of school culture 5 schools were sampled with 40 participants who responded through semi-structured interviews. Among the findings that emerged from the study was the critical participation of the stakeholders in school programmes, the vision and mission of the school to ensure learner success and maintenance of proud legacy of the school. The paper therefore, recommends cascading focus to the lower grades to continuously sustain school culture that enhances good learner performance.
Despite the impact of school culture on teacher leadership was well-theorised in literature, the extent to which the principal support strengthening the relationship between school culture on teacher leadership remains unknown. This study aims to examine the influence of collaborative school culture on teacher leadership with the four dimensions of principal support (professional support, emotional support, instrumental support and assessment support) as moderators. This study used an explanatory sequential mixed-methods design. Three hundreds and sixty teachers were the samples from 45 secondary schools in the states of Kedah, Perlis and Penang. Meanwhile, 18 secondary teachers participated in the semi-structured interviews. The quantitative findings revealed a significant influence of collaborative school culture on teacher leadership. The relationship between collaborative school culture and teacher leadership was stronger when the principal's instrumental support was higher compared to its counterpart. However, there was no moderating effect of professional support, emotional support, and assessment support on the relationship between collaborative school culture and teacher leadership. The qualitative findings informed the impact of collaborative school culture on teacher leadership could be enhanced with support from the local social community, effective communication between leaders and teachers, and teacher engagement in academic and non-academic activities. Implications of the study and future studies are presented.
Tri Pramana, which is constituted of two major components, denotes the three life strengths to comprehend and believe in a certain event in Bhuwana Alit with manacikapura as the three powers of living beings, including (1) Bayu as the breath power, (2) Sabda as the sound power, and (3) Idep as the mind power. As delineated in Widhi Tatwa, Tri Pramana encompasses Praktyaksa Pramana, Anumana Pramana, and Agama Pramana (Sabda Pramana), which are possessed by humans, the most flawless life forms to realistically and abstractly grasp objective truths. The current study aims to incorporate the Tri Pramana principles into science learning by conducting a descriptive qualitative methodology, including a literature review, observation, interviews, and documentation. The results demonstrated the high relevance and effectiveness of Tri Pramana in science learning in elementary schools by incorporating the Upadesa and Whraspati principles Kalpa in Widhi Tatwa. Specifically, the three Tri Pramana elements were significantly interrelated to facilitate elementary students' science learning.
The intervention potential of physical activity programs for intermediate schools (grades 7–9), could be enhanced by an understanding of how students engage with and disengage from physical activity. This study provides an interpretation of how adolescents, parents, teachers, and principals perceive students' involvement in physical activity within their intermediate school environment. Thematic analyses of eighteen interview transcripts resulted in an interpretation of students' continuum of engagement with or disengagement from physical activity. The continuum is reflective of a social process that is grounded in three key themes: school culture, social valuing of athletic elitism, and adolescent challenge.
Our article from curriculum sociology to understand and explain the school culture comes from the teaching of physical education and sports in Tunisian schools through interactions between teachers and their students in a teaching setting. The empirical material on which the analyzes are based comes from two main sources. The nature of the physical activities serving as a support for the teaching sequences in physical education as well as the methods of practice valued in this discipline are apprehended, first of all, from the most recent official texts: teaching programs providing the main orientations, accompanying documents enabling the objectives pursued to be defined precisely, official texts governing the baccalaureate physical education tests. Data collection was done by means of a questionnaire, based on a national sample. The survey base chosen is made up of colleges, public general and professional high schools. The research whose main results are presented in the context of this article is centered on the activities practiced in physical education and their focus on a core of practices considered fundamental and the discrepancy with the expectations of the pupils and the evolution of the practice of the activities. Outside of school, and finally the preference for forms of practice based on confrontation and the production of performances.
In der Arbeit wird untersucht, welchen Beitrag Schulen dazu leisten können, dass Schülerinnen und Schüler zur Teilhabe an der Demokratie befähigt werden. Ausgangspunkt ist die Feststellung, dass sich die öffentliche Wahrnehmung der Qualität von Schule in den vergangenen Jahren zunehmend darauf ausrichtet, welche Leistung Schülerinnen und Schüler erbringen. Nicht(fach)leistungsbezogene Kriterien, die ebenfalls ein normativ begründbares und einzuforderndes Ergebnis von institutionellen Beschulungsprozessen sind, werden dagegen in der politischen, wissenschaftlichen und medialen Auseinandersetzung weit weniger reflektiert. Hierbei wird jedoch übersehen, dass der Schule nicht nur die Aufgabe der Wissensvermittlung zukommt, sondern auch der Auftrag zur umfassenden Persönlichkeitsbildung von Schülerinnen und Schülern. Vor diesem Hintergrund wird das Konstrukt demokratischer Handlungskompetenzen als Ergebnis schulischer Erziehungs- und Sozialisationseffekte auf der Grundlage demokratie- und kompetenztheoretischer Überlegungen begrifflich-konzeptuell entfaltet. Als Facetten dieses mehrdimensionalen Konstrukts werden beispielsweise das politische Wissen und Interesse, die Überzeugung, politisch kompetent zu sein, die Bereitschaft zu politischem Diskurs, zu gezielter Informationssuche und zu gesellschaftlicher Verantwortungsübernahme einbezogen. Es wird postuliert, dass eine spezifische Verfasstheit der Schule, die als demokratische Schulkultur organisations- und schulqualitätstheoretisch konzeptualisiert wird, dem Erwerb solcher Kompetenzen förderlich ist. Auf der Grundlage einer Interviewstudie wird zunächst qualitativ untersucht, welche Konzeptionen des zentralen Konstrukts demokratischer Schulkultur bei den an Schule Beteiligten vorherrschen und wie sich der demokratische Auftrag der Schule im konkreten schulischen Geschehen niederschlägt. Es kann aufgezeigt werden, dass demokratiespezifische Bezüge – Notwendigkeit zum pluralistischen Diskurs, Fördern von Mündigkeit, kritische Reflexion bestehender Verhältnisse – bedeutend seltener vorzufinden sind als die Vorstellung eines auf Gemeinschaftlichkeit, Solidarität und gemeinsamer Verantwortung ausgerichteten Miteinanders. In der quantitativen Studie werden auf der Basis eines umfassenden Datensatzes von ca. 6700 Schülerinnen und Schülern, 3500 Lehrkräften und 137 Schulleitungen die Zusammenhänge zwischen demokratischer Schulkultur und demokratischen Handlungskompetenzen analysiert. Der hierarchischen Struktur der Daten gemäß, werden mit Hilfe von Mehrebenenregressionsanalysen individuelle Effekte von denen der Organisationsebene (Schule) analytisch getrennt. Es kann gezeigt werden, dass jenseits von individuellen Voraussetzungen – Geschlecht, Migrations- und familiärer Hintergrund – systematische Effekte der Schulkultur auf das Niveau demokratischer Handlungskompetenzen bestehen. Dabei erweisen sich nicht solche schulischen Merkmale als bedeutsam, die allgemeine Schulqualitätskonzepte beschreiben, wie beispielsweise die Kooperation der Lehrkräfte oder die aktive Elternarbeit, sondern vor allem auf demokratieförderliche Aspekte ausgerichtete Faktoren, wie zum Beispiel die Unterstützung eines pluralistischen, offenen Diskurses, die Verlebendigung demokratischer Prinzipien oder die Abwesenheit von gewaltsamen Formen der Konfliktlösung. Ausblickend verweist die Arbeit insbesondere auf methodologische Desiderata, die für das Paradigma der Schulqualitätsforschung insgesamt gelten: So wird in der Betrachtung hierarchischer Daten häufig eine Ebene, die nicht im Zentrum des Interesses liegt, ignoriert; was jedoch unter Umständen zu einer Verzerrung der geschätzten Effekte führt. Darüber hinaus wurde deutlich, dass es sich bei einer demokratischen Schulkultur offenbar um ein eigenständiges, über den allgemeinen Qualitätsbegriff hinausgehendes Qualitätsmerkmal von Schule handelt, was jedoch in weiteren Studien sowohl quantitativ als auch qualitativ – beispielsweise im Zuge eine kommunikativen Validierung mit den Beteiligten – nachgewiesen werden müsste. (Autorin) ; This work examines how schools can contribute to empowering students to participate in democracy. It starts with the observation that in recent years, the public perception of school effectiveness has increasingly focused on the achievements of students. Criteria bearing no relation to (academic) achievement that likewise constitute a normatively justified outcome of school institutional processes receive far less attention in political, scientific and medial discussions. This overlooks the fact that school does not only have to fulfill the task of conveying knowledge, but it also has a commitment to developing the personalities of students in a comprehensive manner. The construct of democratic action competencies is conceptually and terminologically developed against this background, as an outcome of school-related education and socialization effects, following democracy theoretical and competence theoretical thoughts. This multi-dimensional construct includes the facets of, for example, knowledge and interest in politics, the confidence in being politically competent, the readiness to join in political discourse, to a focused search for information and to take on responsibility in society. A specific character of the school, which is conceptualized as a democratic school culture in organization and school effectiveness theoretical terms, is predicted to be beneficial to the acquisition of such competencies. In a first step, an interview study provides the basis for a qualitative examination of the conceptions of democratic school culture prevailing among the participants in the school process, and how the democratic commission of the school is evident in concrete everyday school life. It is shown that democracy-specific aspects such as the necessity for pluralistic discourse, advancement of autonomy, critical reflection of existing conditions occur far less frequently than the idea of living together on the basis of community, solidarity and shared responsibility. The quantitative study, which is based on a comprehensive set of data gained from ca. 6700 students, 3500 teachers and 137 school managers analyses the correlations between democratic school cultures and competencies for democratic action. Following the hierarchical structure of the data, multi-level regression analyses are applied to analytically discern individual effects from those of the organization level (school). Systematic effects of the school culture on levels of competence for democratic action can be proven to exist besides individual preconditions such as sex, migration and family background. Not those features of school quality are significant in this context that de-scribe general school effectiveness concepts (such as the cooperation of teachers or active parent involvement), but rather those factors that are directed towards promoting democracy, such as the support of a pluralistic, open discourse, the coming to life of democratic principles or the absence of violent forms of solving conflicts. In an outlook, the study points out desiderata particularly with regard to methodology, which pertain to the paradigm of school effectiveness re-search itself. For instance, the analysis of hierarchical data often ignores a level that does not lie at the heart of interest, but this might lead to a distortion of estimated effects. It furthermore became evident that a democratic school culture seems to be an autonomous quality feature of school that goes beyond the general concept of effectiveness. However, this would need to be proven by subsequent qualitative and quantitative studies – for example, by means of a communicative validation with the participants. (Author)
This book is an insightful meta-narrative about schooling which explores the global natural experiment of the COVID-19 pandemic and its potential impact on school culture.
The proposed book discusses how the abrupt and somewhat forced digital transformation of schooling on a global scale (caused by the COVID-19 pandemic) did not change the educational status quo. It states that online teaching and learning failed to transform the role of the key school actors, students and teachers as well as the relationship between them, despite megatrends such as digitalisation, automation and the development of artificial intelligence. This focus text discusses why the global experience of distance education did not translate into a significant qualitative change and provides a theoretical framework which enables the reader to interpret and explain the processes that occurred during distance education, as well as understand why extraordinarily little (if nothing) has changed in school culture.
It will appeal to scholars and students from the sociology of education and from education studies, particularly those interested in school culture, innovation in education, online teaching and learning, curriculum studies, and education policy.
