Suchergebnisse

The article offers an analysis of the main trends in the development of historical education as an important component of the educational process in the higher school of Ukraine at the beginning of the 21st century. The problematic issues of transformation in the sphere of teaching of historical disciplines at the present stage are determined. Separately, the specific characteristics of teaching «History of Ukraine» in technical universities are examined. The authors consider the modernization of learning process in the institutions of higher education of Ukraine as a dialectic issue containing certain risks for humanities' component of bachelors' and masters' preparation. Important stages of this process were the events of 2009, 2014 and 2015. They demonstrated the fundamental divergence of views on the ways of higher schools' reforming in Ukraine of the most part of humanities' academic community on the one hand, and state bureaucracy on the other. The public debate on the role of historical disciplines in the preparation of modern graduates of higher schools of Ukraine revealed a number of pedagogical, didactical and methodological
problems. Foremost among these was recognized the challenge of distinguishing between secondary and higher school courses of «History of Ukraine». The subject of intense discussion is the mechanism for the enforcement of the problem and dialogical methods to the teaching process of the institutions of higher education. In the end, the conclusion was made according the aspiration of the senior management of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine to cut back as short as possible schedule of hours for humanities in the institutions of higher education (especially in the technical and military universities) can have serious social and political consequences. Ignoring the importance of the discipline «History of Ukraine» in developing of the technical students' and cadets' world view in the conditions of the «hybrid war» could become an essential precondition for defeat the informational war by Ukraine. Authors are emphasizing on attention that among the political elite of Ukraine dominate technocratic understanding of term «information security». As a result, historical disciplines are turning into outsiders of educational process thus making it more difficult to consolidate Ukrainian society in the period of the serious military-political crisis.

The article is an analysis of the mobbing problem occurrence among children adolescents, establishing the causes of a school environment the main characteristics of the concept and finding ways to prevent mobbing. The method of studying the problem of mobbing in children in the school environment explains to us the root causes of its occurrence, reveals the very essence of its appearance, as well as the manifestations of mobbing in middle school age children from their peers.In a deeper analysis of the problem of mobbing, we identified the main aspects of preventing this phenomenon, also developed a methodological plan for the prevention of mobbing in schools, and developed and described preventive measures to prevent manifestations among middle school children for teachers and parents who have and can influence students or their children in the context of this issue. The findings of this paper reflect the state of the problem of mobbing in the current educational process in Ukraine, taking into account the actualization of its manifestations due to the large number of displaced persons, including middle-aged children, from temporarily occupied territories during the Russian armed aggression against our country. The processes taking place in our extremes and in the world are inevitable for society as a whole, and so the challenge we face requires more detailed consideration of the issue of mobbing among adolescents of schools, the urgent response to its present manifestations, and addressing these issues, specifics of personal approaches to middle school children in each case. Analyzing the problem of mobbing among children in school, especially middle school children, we have come to the conclusion that the multiplicity of influence factors determines the direction of the study of the problem and gives this problem a new special approach, taking into account many points, and obliges us to solve the problem of mobbing the school, so that it does not persecute a person who is primarily a person, in adolescence and adulthood.

The authors describe and propose ways to determine the level of school disadaptation. Associated psychological factors are identified: levels of school motivation and adaptation, situational and personal anxiety, indicators and forms of aggression, self-esteem of depression. The obtained experimental data on the tendency to disadaptation are analyzed, as well as the psychological factors that influence the formation of disadaptation of young school children are investigated.

Quantitative and qualitative analysis of mental states and personality characteristics of elementary school children with disadaptation shall be conducted to study their school disadaptation, organization of comprehensive psychological and pedagogical assistance to school children, teachers and parents. Existing research methods are mainly based on self-estimation methodologies.

Experimental data on addiction to disadaptation was obtained, additionally, the psychological factors, which influence on disadaptation formation of elementary school children, were examined. The majority of examined children were found to have a low level of reactive anxiety and a high level of personal anxiety.

The paper deals with a research of Tort law school development in St. Volodymyr's University – Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. The purpose of the research is to analyse the development of the Tort law school and to study the main trends and key directions of the development. The author applied lots of different research methods, among which were historical and legal method (for the analysis of the works from the past), analysis and synthesis (for stating the peculiarities of the research approaches in different studies' periods). Also, such methods as philosophy methods (dialectic and hermeneutic), general research methods (systemic and structural-functional), general logic methods (induction and deduction, analogy, abstraction, generalization, formalization, and modelling) were used.
The topic of civil torts was interesting for the researchers from Kyiv University law school any time while the depth of interest and research approaches differed depending on the historical period. Before the revolution of 1917 the researchers mostly looked on the torts as on the type of civil obligation and the reward for damage caused. No one treated the torts from the standpoint of a type of civil liability at that time. The Soviet period of the Tort law School development was characterized by a change of the research vector. The researchers started focusing on civil torts as liability rather than civil obligations. Tort liability is a type of civil liability and the latter is a type of legal liability. That causes a regime when the researchers (some well-known names of that time are: Gennadiy Matveev, Yuriy Matveev, Dina Bobrova, Yaroslavna Shevchenko etc.) mostly analyse civil tort as a civil liability. They focused their attention on the foundations and the conditions of tort liability. Precisely at that time, the theory of "civil wrong compound" as the main foundation of civil liability appeared. Independent Ukraine spawned a new pleiad of researchers whose research interest was civil torts. Modern civil law doctrine started refusing the understanding of civil tort as a type of civil liability. It comes back to the tort as a type of obligation. Moreover, modern researchers look on the tort's issues much wider – through the prism of legal regulation mechanism. Constantly, modern researchers of Taras Shevchenko National University Law School pay great attention to the new topical spheres of torts, particularly to non-pecuniary damage compensation, damage compensation caused by the State and State agencies and product liability together with digital product liability. Keywords: tort, civil liability, damage compensation, history of legal research, scientific school.

The article presents the problem of studying the origins of the theory and practice of information in Ukraine at the beginning of the 20th century. The hypothesis concerning the orientation of the national, mainly socio-humanitarian science, to the summing up of the accumulated knowledge in the historical time of the state creation of the Ukrainian nation is formulated. The views of the leading figures of the Ukrainian science on the tasks of the first weight in the scientific work on the creation of various types and sources of information (bibliographic) sources are outlined. The activities of the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences (UAN) in the period of its organizational structuring of 1918-1932 years are described separately along the way of creation of the information base on the national science "Ukrainian bibliographic repertoire". The attention was paid to the administrative activities of the UAN on the structuring of scientific institutes, committees of commissions, bureau and their functions of bibliographic summarization of the thematic and branch directions of Ukrainian science. The peculiarities of the bibliographic strategy of the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences as revealed by the national versus the information strategy of the USA in the direction of communication technologies of the 1930s were revealed. The presented facts of the historical context concerning the first germs of the organization of system bibliographic activity in Ukraine allow the creation of original, socio-humanitarian knowledge regarding the formation of a national school of computer science in Ukraine, led by academician V. Glushkov in the second half of the twentieth century. The prospect of such a scientific vision of the history of computer science in Ukraine is due to modern research in the field of information philosophy.

The introduction of distance education (DE) challenged all participants in the educational process and it was impacting the well-being of children. The purpose of the study was investigating the impact of different forms of DE on values of anxiety and depression (A&D) in school-age children. Methods. An online survey of 760 respondents was conducted with use RCADS. All respondents signed informed consent. ANOVA was used

for statistical analysis (STATISTICA 8.0). The models were adjusted for age and gender of respondents.
Results. More than 20% of parents have reported their own and their children's high psychological stress during DE. The adaptation was easier

and faster for respondents who were able to organize a virtual communication and got support from teachers. Pathological increase of the level A&D has been detected in 14.4±1.3% of respondents. There were 2.8 times more girls with clinical A&D than boys (p<0.001).

The DE formats of "All-Ukrainian online school" and individual learning did not significantly affect the level of A&D in school-age children (p>0.5). DE in the form of tasks in messengers and social networks significantly increased the level A&D (p<0.001), and DE offline increased only the level of Anxiety (p<0.05). Reductions the level A&D have been identified in online lessons with the teacher and the schoolfellows (p<0.001).

The chances of increasing the level of anxiety and depression in school-age children grow in 1.8 times when using non-interactive forms of education (OR=1.78; CI 1.17-2.69; p<0.01).

Conclusions. Teacher support and online lessons help reduce psychological discomfort during distance education. The surveillance the mental health of children is required during the implementation of various forms of DE.

Ukraine's Euro-civilization choice, which took place as a result of the Revolution of Dignity, posed a number of challenges to Ukrainian society, without adequate answers to which EU accession will remain a ratherdistant prospect for Ukrainians. One of such challenges is the genderization of the social life of Ukrainians, in particular in the field of education, which presupposes, first of all, the formation of a gender-sensitive space for the existence of the country's citizens; mass involvement of Ukrainian women in all spheres of society on an equal footing with men and the creation of equal opportunities for this. The philosophy of this process is to recognize as the greatest value of human capital, existing in the form of two social sexes (gender) - female and male - with different life experiences, differences and personal strategies of self-realization.
The article analyzes, among other, the issue of teaching feminist and (or) gender issues in higher educational institutions of modern Ukraine from the standpoint of philosophical and worldview approach. The author aim is to investigate the real state of gender education in Ukrainian higher education institutions, to analyze the existing problems and identify prospects for the development of this process in Ukraine. A group of political science students from the Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv was involved in an in-depth survey of the need / no need to teach feminist and gender issues in universities. It was concluded that exist the need of genderization higher education in Ukraine as an integral part of the Euro-integration process.

The article highlights the relevance of this issue and presents the results of a pilot study aimed at indicating whether there is a relationship between functional asymmetry and the level of development of imaginative and verbal-logical thinking. For more than 150 years, psychologists have studied the impact of functional asymmetry on human development. Depending on this, there are mainly groups: right-handed (right-handed), left-handed (shulg), ambidexter. However, in the scientific community, the connection between the left and right hemispheres is quite deep and not clear. For the sake of clarity of results, this study was conducted on a sample of children in grades 4-6. The research was carried out with the help of a diagnostic complex, which includes psychodiagnostic methodology for determining the integral index of figurative and verbal-logical thinking, as well as diagnostics of functional asymmetry of motor and sensory systems. The relationship between this study and the results of our pilot study is being traced. In addition, the study presents data from different social strata. For example, among the lyceum students the "mosaic" asymmetries were more common, while the pure "right-handed" type was often noticed among the students. This pilot study is the basis that defines a new space for research, namely the study of thinking and detailed analysis depending on two groups of variables – asymmetries: hand, foot, ear, eye; and classic units of analysis – age, gender, social status, nationality. The data obtained indicate a tendency for such an impact. In the course of the study, no significant influence of the dominance of sensory and motor systems on the level of development of figurative and verbal-logical thinking in young and middle school children (grades 4–6) was found. Trends in the influence of the dominance of the visual sensory system on the development of imaginative thinking have been identified, as well as a tendency to float on the development of thinking on the side of the motor system, in particular the leading leg. There is a recommendation to repeat the study on a larger sample.

The article is devoted to the consideration of changes and tendencies in the Ukrainian educational field. The focus is on secondary education, in particular, the growing trend of private secondary education. It is noted that in 2020-2021 academic year the number of students in private schools increased by 174,5% compared to 2014-2015 academic year, teachers – by 89,6%. The situation in the field of private distance education is analyzed. The role of private schools is emphasized, which today play the role of pioneers in expanding opportunities for the entire educational field. It is noted that the growth of options in the range of educational opportunities is a positive trend. Data on the dynamics in the sector of pedagogical education are given. It has been suggested that the demand for certified teachers will increase, however, there will be a shortage of young teachers in public schools. The statistics of admission to higher education institutions are analyzed, which show that pedagogical specialties are not always the choice of the best school graduates. Growth in the field of online education is considered – from individual educational projects such as Youtube channels to government initiatives (All-Ukrainian online school). It is emphasized that the authors of private educational Youtube channels are an example of agents of change, whose perseverance not only increases adolescents' interest in science, but also inspires others to create educational projects, which creates a favorable environment for the development of educational innovations. The course of an important educational reform – «New Ukrainian School», in particular its content and actual implementation is analyzed. Examples of successful reform and difficulties of its implementation in primary school are given; considered threats to further reform due to a change in political leadership; public opinion on secondary education reform is analyzed. It is concluded that the political perturbations and quarantine restrictions caused by the pandemic, in the conditions of unstable institutionality, lead to the fact that in Ukraine both progressive innovations and inhibition of changes are possible.

The article explores the concepts, features and directions for the development of intellectual property science at the present stage. The basic scientific schools of intellectual property law are analysed, the specifics of their formation and genesis are considered. The article emphasizes that the science of intellectual property law is a system of knowledge and theoretical ideas about the laws of legal regulation of relations in the field of protection of intellectual and creative activities, interpretation of legal norms and the results of analysis and generalization of their application. As intellectual property right, the science of intellectual property law is a relatively young field in the legal system; however, it already has a long history of development, well-known representatives and scientific schools, including those pertaining to Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. The development of intellectual property science in Ukraine is based on several scientific schools in Kyiv, Odessa, Lviv and Kharkiv, which are represented by powerful research centres and educational institutions. The Kyiv School of Intellectual Property is formed by two research centres: the Department of Intellectual Property and Information Law of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv and the Research Institute of Intellectual Property of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. The origin and development of the science of intellectual property law in Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv is associated with the figure of the famous domestic scientist O.A. Hills. Since 2013, the Department of Intellectual Property and Information Law has been operating at the Faculty of Law of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. At the current stage, the Department of Intellectual Property and Information Law jointly with the Scientific and Educational Centre for Intellectual Property of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv make a powerful centre of the development of intellectual property law science in Ukraine. Keywords: intellectual property, science, methodology, legal category, scientific school, scientist.

The authors of the article based on the understanding of intellectual property as an immanent component of the innovative economy, an important factor, resource and mechanism of innovation environment and development, note the actualization of this phenomenon in nowadays society of revolutionary technological changes. The article deals with the brief overview of the some features and characteristics of the process of reforming the institute of intellectual property in Ukraine, including regulatory framework, and also is based on the analysis of data gathered in sociological survey «Intellectual property through the eyes of university lecturers and high school teachers», conducted during May-December 2019, method – interview; n = 356. Based on the research results, the authors analyze high school teachers' and university lecturers' attitudes to the intellectual property, the factors and mechanisms of protection of intellectual property rights. What are the attitudes towards violation of intellectual property rights in the field of education? How acute is the problem of intellectual property rights (IPR) violation for the participants in the educational process? Is the impact of intellectual property rights violation noticeable on their (high school teachers and university lecturers) day-to-day activities? Who, what institution (organization) should make efforts to protect IPR? These and some other issues are analyzed in the paper. The authors note, among other, that, in general, the problem of IPR violations perceived as quite acute for many (relative majority) of university lecturers and high school teachers, the impact of this problem on respondents' daily activities is mostly negative. Opinions of respondents on the institution(s), which should make efforts to protect IPR were clarified. Analysis of possible ways (inner and external factors, mechanisms) to enhance the level of protection, public management of the protection process, as well as the development of a culture of IPR is presented also. The authors propose the prospects for further research of the problem.

According to the aim (to identify the features of the connection of fears, phobias, anxiety with self-esteem of adolescence), an empirical study was conducted, in which the respondents were representatives of school and student youth, namely 120 people: 60 students of 10-11 grades (15-17 years) of Vyshhorod comprehensive school No2 and No3. This sample was chosen not by chance. After all, it is in adolescence is the active development and formation of all components of self-awareness, including self-esteem. According to the age periodization of M. Savchyn and L. Vasylenko, adolescence is divided into two groups: representatives of early youth (15-18 years) and late youth (18-23 years) or senior school and student age.

The presented study covers only certain aspects of such a complex phenomenon as self-assessment. As its subject was the socio- psychological features of self-attitude of adolescents and young people, other social and age categories, as well as socio-psychological factors influencing the features of self-attitude, in particular: financial status, degree of self-realization and more.

The study of this problem requires further comprehensive research, because adequate positive self-attitude is the most optimal for the formation and development of personality, determines the achievement of its inner harmony.

In our further study of self-assessment, a promising direction, in our opinion, is to clarify the features of this phenomenon in other age groups. Consideration of the influence of gender on the peculiarities of self-assessment, in this perspective, will be useful in both theoretical and practical aspects.

The problem of the emergence of bullying in the educational area among school-age children is investigated, since in recent years in Ukraine the bullying (baiting) has often been referred to as a negative phenomenon. A brief analysis of modern scientific investigations on the problems of bullying in the educational environment is done, which shows the necessity of a detailed and systematic study on this problem. Bulling is seen as a conflict and widespread phenomenon in children's groups, which can cause a negative impact on formation of personality, difficulties in socio-psychological adaptation, complexity and uncertainty of a young person in choice of next career. It has been noted that numerous facts of child abuse have caused attention to this phenomenon and implementation of specific steps at the state level to counteract and prevent this problem. It is emphasized that the presence of bullying in the educational environment has a negative impact not only on the victim of persecution, but also on the perpetrators (abusers, observers) as well as on parents and teachers. Emphasis is placed on the necessity of coordinated work of educational institutions, school psychologists, social educators, lawyers, parents to overcome bullying, which, respectively can reduce the manifestation of this negative phenomenon and greatly improve the resolution of conflict situations. Finding peaceful ways to resolve conflict situations, upbringing of friendly relationships between children and assimilate moral values leads to a healthy psychological climate in the children's groups, educate the respect and mutual assistance among coevals. There are a number of methodological recommendations for organizing the educational process, conducting cultural events, leisure, extracurricular work, outdoor activities, which help to prevent such a negative phenomenon of our reality. It is concluded that the joint work of relevant state institutions, educators, lawyers, psychologists, parents, media representatives, using different methods of influence on the individuals, may provide conditions for resolution of conflicts and overcoming bullying among children and school youth.

The article observes the transformational processes in educational environment of the Donetsk region and hightights the vectors of pro-European and reverse models of educational processes. The author emphasises on the differences between reformation and indocrination, alanyzes upbringing of the younger generation and necesserity to develop a program of prevention the manipulative methods which influence on the consciousness of youth through the educational channels. Education of Ukraine has become the prolongation to the Soviet system. Russification and the relics of Soviet values have played a key role in the process of losing of Ukrainian positions in the Donetsk region and Lugansk region. The occupation of these territories lays a deeper diversity in worldvie, because the occupants support the basis of the "Russian world" through education and mass media. Ukrainian education has gone from deideologization, humanization and national orientation to the European vector of change. The reform of Ukrainian school is aimed at forming an active position of student in the modern world. The Donetsk region have suffered from a strong russification of schools, which even today demonstrate the lowest rates for teaching on Ukrainian language. The occupied territory of the Donbas is subjected to political and cultural reprogramming of population according to the Russian inrerest. They do it through the educational processes by the way of forced introduction of a pro-Russian model into school curricula. The processes of indocrination appeared in the purposeful reorientation of teaching courses and program material according to the Russian context. In the content we could see the shifting emphasis, revision of the humanitarian disciplines in the discourse of Slavic (Russian) world restoration. It is important to develop methodological support and a broad informative basis for responding to a humanitarian attack by a neighboring state.

The article examines the scientific achievements of legal scholars of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv in the field of information law as well as describes their impact on the formation of fundamental institutions of this field of law during the period from 1991 to 2021. The purpose of the article is to analyze the theoretical and methodological grounds for the development of the main institutes of information law in the works of legal scholars of the Institute of Law / Faculty of Law of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. The author also aims at studying the prerequisites for the formation of Kyiv University scientific school of information law and determining further promising areas of research within the relevant field of law. Methods. During the study a number of methods have been used, namely dialectical, system-structural, formal-logical as well as historical, comparative, sociological, etc. Results. The article substantiates that the process of updating the institutions of information law in independent Ukraine is inextricably linked with the process of improving information legislation, the development of digital transformations in the state and society and research on various aspects of legal regulation of information relations. The paper shows that a wide range of proposals formulated by legal scholars of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv regarding the improvement of information legislation of Ukraine have been enshrined in the provisions of certain laws and bylaws. The paper also proves that the legal and educational basis for the development of a modern school of information law at Kyiv University is the establishment of Information Law Specialization for Master's Degree in 2012. The conclusions set out the main provisions of the study; formulate further areas of research of the main institutes of information law, which may be of scientific interest to legal scholars and practitioners. Keywords: field of law; Information Law; Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv; scientific school; legal system; period from 1991 to 2021.