Suchergebnisse

Ukrainian security studies cannot go beyond the pan-European and Euro-Atlantic contexts. The article deals with the processes of deep transformation of the modern system of international security. There were evaluated the prospects of the international security development in the context of epochal changes in international relations taking place in our time. The significance of political trust in transatlantic cooperation as the basis of the international security system is proved. Security studies in Ukraine emphasize that security is possible only in a context of sustainable development, in which meeting the current needs of mankind is not sacrificed to the ability of future generations to meet them. To achieve this goal, international cooperation is required. At the same time, many important issues of sustainable development can be viewed not only from a global but also from a local point of view. They require decentralized cooperation and local actions, supported simultaneously by the governments and civil society. The realization of these goals is possible with the involvement of local, national and international resources and institutions.It is proved that under the conditions of Russian expansion, along with the revision of the strategy, NATO's armed forcestransformation is the most urgent task of the Alliance. Anti-Western anti-globalist nationalism and religious extremism are also threats. Threats to the societysecurity are also considered the threats to individual existence. On the other hand, such issues as, for example, the waiver of their own monetary unit in favour of the monetary union with neighbouring countries are not considered as threats to the security of society, since they, as a rule, do not threaten the lifestyle of individuals in the society and the state. Vertical interstate competition comes from integration into a wider cultural community or breakup into smaller cultural unions. This process can be observed in the current expansion of the European Union into a number of societies that express their fear of being integrated into a wider European identity. Some of these societies responded by rejecting the introduction of the European currency and impeding the transfer of powers to the European institutions. ; У статті розглянуто процеси глибокої трансформації сучасної системи міжнародної безпеки. Здійснено оцінку перспектив розвитку міжнародної безпеки в контексті епохальних змін у міжнародних відносинах, що відбуваються в наш час. Доведено значення політичної довіри до трансатлантичної співпраці як до основи міжнародної системи безпеки. Безпекові студії в Україні засвідчують, що безпека можлива лише в умовах сталого розвитку, за якого задоволення нинішніх потреб людства не здійснюється за рахунок майбутніх поколінь. Для досягнення цієї мети необхідно міжнародне співробітництво. У той же час багато важливих питань сталого розвитку можуть розглядатися не тільки з глобальної, але й з локальної точки зору. Вони вимагають децентралізованого співробітництва і дій на місцях, що підтримуються одночасно урядами і громадянським суспільством. Реалізація цих цілей можлива за умов залучення місцевих, національних і міжнародних ресурсів та інститутів. Доведено, що в умовах російської експансії, одночасно з переглядом стратегії, трансформація збройних сил НАТО є найбільш терміновим завданням Альянсу.

Introduction. Unstable Economy of Ukraine due to political and military factors accelerates the negative impact of the competitive environment in entities making their business vulnerable and unstable. The issue of companies' economic security is becoming especially important. Gained experience is to be improved and further development of theoretical and methodological apparatus of companies' economic security as an important direction of Security Studies is required. Goal. The article aims to study the author's definition of economic security entities on the basis of acquired scientific experience. The object of the study is the processes of economic security. The subject of research is the theoretical bases of economic security at a separate business entity.Methods. Theoretical and methodological basis of the study is a systematic approach to the definition of economic security as a scientific category, scientific works of domestic and foreign scientists, the method of theoretical generalization, analysis, synthesis, abstract and logical, and others. Results. The article analyzes the current set of definitions of the company's economic security. The basic approaches to the interpretation of the term are grounded. The expediency of refining classifications and increasing the number of approaches to the definition of economic security are substantiated. The author defines the complex economic category "economic security" as it relates to the business entity. Discussion. It is necessary to clarify purposes and principles of providing economic security of business entity under unstable economy.

Subject of study is environmental views of libertarians. The purpose of the study is to investigated the theoretical study of environmental ideas of the libertarian current, investigated the factors studied and used them, which are considered at the present stage. Research methods. The theoretical and methodological principles the research relies on include a set of general methods of scientific cognition, including the method of analysis, synthesis, synthesis, induction and deduction, and others. Results. The arguments that direct the libertarian forces against the resource constraints of «sustainable development» are analyzed. The decrease of the supporters of libertarian views on the issue of excess, land and other natural resources has been investigated. The founding causes identified are libertarians about economic existence. Analyzing the libertarian concept of minimization that occurred in business enterprises. Scientific research is carried out with priority prevention and application of regulatory processes to natural resources. The importance of regulating environmental relations at the state–business level is argued. Conclusions. Some libertarians mutually deviate from the need to regulate quality on the part of the individual. To correct, to deviate from regulation, libertarians at the same time deviate from using ecological catastrophe. At the disposal of real used resources and nature it is justified to resolve the issue of activation of the regulatory function, which should fulfill the market, using market enterprises to manage the processes of natural resources. It is practically suggested that unregulated market product leads to rapid depletion of resources. However, trying to validate the market of the natural resource market, as well as to protect the property rights of citizens of the country to its nature. But she believes that she does not have her own nature, she cannot make someone else generally require her. The role deals with the protection of property rights of others. In order to ...

В дослідженні авторами зазначено, що кардинальні трансформації у світовому політичному та економічному просторі зумовлюють необхідність розроблення нових підходів до забезпечення економічної безпеки держави. Успішність реалізації цих заходів залежить за умови врахування теоретично-змістовного підґрунтя безпеки, що дозволить сформувати загальні уявлення про характер досліджуваної реальності, її найбільш загальні властивості, закони, принципи та способи наукового пізнання. The article stated that the growth of external and internal threats to national economic security requires the development and use of effective mechanisms to neutralize and minimize the adverse action. The article is to study the nature and essential characteristics of the category of «economic security» as a as multilateral phenomenon. According to the author, the category of «security» is the general limit fundamental concept that reflects the most essential connections and relationships or activities exist in reality and knowledge is a basic category of Security Studies, which is a body of knowledge about safety and are multylateralnym that is versatile, versatile, multifaceted concept. Therefore, knowledge of safety distributed in various sectors. It is noted that in the study category of «security», the main task is to identify its nature, is necessary disclosures meaningful sense of the phenomenon, followed by the realization of the essence with regard to the variability of its forms and the possible states opposing it (danger).

Problem setting. The relevance of the article is confirmed by the fact that the interaction between the main components of the Security and Defense Sector of Ukraine, namely the security forces and defense forces, in both peacetime and wartime, is the main condition for national (state) security. The problem of the Security and Defense Forces development is at the planning stage, as, given their current state, there are still many shortcomings in the actions of the state leadership and the governing bodies of the Security and Defense Sector. With the adoption of the new version of the National Security Strategy, the tasks of the security and defense forces become more complicated, which requires some adjustments for changes in strategic planning. This very point actualizes the topicality of the article. Recent research and publications analysis. The analysis of domestic and foreign scientific literature has shown that the issues, considered following the topic of the research, are now covered in the studies of many authors, such as V.Bogdanovich, O. Bodruk, O. Vlasyuk, V. Gorbulin, S. Kononenko, G.Perepelytsia, V. Pocheptsov, O. Reznikov, A. Semenchenko, G. Sytnyk, M.Sitsinska, M. Sungurovsky, V. Lipkan, I. Hrytsyak, A. Kachynski, V. Telelym, A. Paderin, T. Starodub, A. Sitsinsky, O. Sukhodolia, L. Chekalenko, V. Chaly and other scientists. However, a comprehensive study to determine the role and place of the security and defense forces of Ukraine in the system of military security of the state has hardly been conducted. Highlighting previously unsettled parts of the general problem. The purpose and the objective of the article is to analyze the problems of security and defense forces development in the context of ensuring Ukraine's military security, and to identify ways to improve the effectiveness of interaction between the security and defense sector components in the course of implementation of the new national security strategy. Paper main body. The main element of the security and defense forces is the Armed Forces. The Armed Forces of Ukraine is a military formation, which, according to the Constitution of Ukraine, is responsible for the defense of Ukraine, protection of its sovereignty, territorial integrity and inviolability. The Armed Forces of Ukraine provide deterrence and repulse of armed aggression against Ukraine, protection of state airspace and underwater space within the territorial sea of Ukraine; in cases specified by law, they participate in activities aimed at combating terrorism. The main military formation of the security forces is the National Guard of Ukraine, which is designated to perform tasks of the state security and protection of the state border, and which also participates in cooperation with the Armed Forces of Ukraine, while repelling armed aggression against Ukraine and eliminating armed conflict by conducting military (combat) actions, and in the implementation of territorial defense tasks as well. Conclusion of the research and prospects for further studies. It is stated that, given the complexity of the threats the country is facing, the accumulation of efforts of all components of the security and defense forces is required, especially in conditions of aggravation of the social and political situation in Ukraine, caused by the active influence of the Russian Federation on the spread of anti-state and separatist tendencies and direct intervention in all social processes of our state. Therefore, only after the elimination of the threat from the Russian Federation it will be possible to divide the issues into separate security or defense ones, since such issues as ensuring the territorial integrity of the state, preserving public peace, freedoms and rights of citizens are very interrelated. ; Розглянуто проблеми взаємодії між основними складовими сектору безпеки та оборони України (далі – СБО): силами безпеки та силами оборони як у мирний, так і воєнний час. Проаналізовано нормативно-правові документи, що визначають завдання та призначення Збройних сил України (далі – ЗСУ) і Національної гвардії України (далі – НГУ) та окреслено їх функції, що відображені у нових стратегічних документах. Доведено, що використання підрозділів НГУ потребують законодавчого забезпечення, насамперед що стосується питання "ліквідації збройного конфлікту у середині держави". Констатовано, що в умовах загострення суспільно-політичної ситуації в Україні, спричиненої активним впливом Російської Федерації (далі – РФ) на поширення антидержавних та сепаратистських тенденцій та прямим втручанням в усі суспільні процеси України, є потреба акумуляції зусиль усіх складових сил безпеки та оборони, з огляду на комплексність загроз, що виникають перед країною. Зазначено, що розділяти питання на окремо безпекові або оборонні можна буде лише після ліквідації загрози з боку РФ, бо такі питання, як забезпечення територіальної цілісності держави, збереження громадського миру, свобод і прав громадян дуже взаємопов'язані. Зауважено, що неврахування цього факту може призвести до зростання соціальної напруженості, що у підсумку спричинить руйнацію державного організму.

Problem setting. The relevance of the article is confirmed by the fact that the interaction between the main components of the Security and Defense Sector of Ukraine, namely the security forces and defense forces, in both peacetime and wartime, is the main condition for national (state) security. The problem of the Security and Defense Forces development is at the planning stage, as, given their current state, there are still many shortcomings in the actions of the state leadership and the governing bodies of the Security and Defense Sector. With the adoption of the new version of the National Security Strategy, the tasks of the security and defense forces become more complicated, which requires some adjustments for changes in strategic planning. This very point actualizes the topicality of the article. Recent research and publications analysis. The analysis of domestic and foreign scientific literature has shown that the issues, considered following the topic of the research, are now covered in the studies of many authors, such as V.Bogdanovich, O. Bodruk, O. Vlasyuk, V. Gorbulin, S. Kononenko, G.Perepelytsia, V. Pocheptsov, O. Reznikov, A. Semenchenko, G. Sytnyk, M.Sitsinska, M. Sungurovsky, V. Lipkan, I. Hrytsyak, A. Kachynski, V. Telelym, A. Paderin, T. Starodub, A. Sitsinsky, O. Sukhodolia, L. Chekalenko, V. Chaly and other scientists. However, a comprehensive study to determine the role and place of the security and defense forces of Ukraine in the system of military security of the state has hardly been conducted. Highlighting previously unsettled parts of the general problem. The purpose and the objective of the article is to analyze the problems of security and defense forces development in the context of ensuring Ukraine's military security, and to identify ways to improve the effectiveness of interaction between the security and defense sector components in the course of implementation of the new national security strategy. Paper main body. The main element of the security and defense forces is the Armed Forces. The Armed Forces of Ukraine is a military formation, which, according to the Constitution of Ukraine, is responsible for the defense of Ukraine, protection of its sovereignty, territorial integrity and inviolability. The Armed Forces of Ukraine provide deterrence and repulse of armed aggression against Ukraine, protection of state airspace and underwater space within the territorial sea of Ukraine; in cases specified by law, they participate in activities aimed at combating terrorism. The main military formation of the security forces is the National Guard of Ukraine, which is designated to perform tasks of the state security and protection of the state border, and which also participates in cooperation with the Armed Forces of Ukraine, while repelling armed aggression against Ukraine and eliminating armed conflict by conducting military (combat) actions, and in the implementation of territorial defense tasks as well. Conclusion of the research and prospects for further studies. It is stated that, given the complexity of the threats the country is facing, the accumulation of efforts of all components of the security and defense forces is required, especially in conditions of aggravation of the social and political situation in Ukraine, caused by the active influence of the Russian Federation on the spread of anti-state and separatist tendencies and direct intervention in all social processes of our state. Therefore, only after the elimination of the threat from the Russian Federation it will be possible to divide the issues into separate security or defense ones, since such issues as ensuring the territorial integrity of the state, preserving public peace, freedoms and rights of citizens are very interrelated. ; Розглянуто проблеми взаємодії між основними складовими сектору безпеки та оборони України (далі – СБО): силами безпеки та силами оборони як у мирний, так і воєнний час. Проаналізовано нормативно-правові документи, що визначають завдання та призначення Збройних сил України (далі – ЗСУ) і Національної гвардії України (далі – НГУ) та окреслено їх функції, що відображені у нових стратегічних документах. Доведено, що використання підрозділів НГУ потребують законодавчого забезпечення, насамперед що стосується питання "ліквідації збройного конфлікту у середині держави". Констатовано, що в умовах загострення суспільно-політичної ситуації в Україні, спричиненої активним впливом Російської Федерації (далі – РФ) на поширення антидержавних та сепаратистських тенденцій та прямим втручанням в усі суспільні процеси України, є потреба акумуляції зусиль усіх складових сил безпеки та оборони, з огляду на комплексність загроз, що виникають перед країною. Зазначено, що розділяти питання на окремо безпекові або оборонні можна буде лише після ліквідації загрози з боку РФ, бо такі питання, як забезпечення територіальної цілісності держави, збереження громадського миру, свобод і прав громадян дуже взаємопов'язані. Зауважено, що неврахування цього факту може призвести до зростання соціальної напруженості, що у підсумку спричинить руйнацію державного організму.

The article deals with current challenges for regional development and their impact as causes of threats to economic security. Economic security is seen as a complex multilevel system, the formation of which occurs at various levels of economy's hierarchy: the state level, an economic sector, an industry (economic activity), a region, a business enterprise, a city, a town, a village, a local territorial community, a person. It is determined that a region's internal and external environment is the key factor of its economic security. The assessment, which was carried out, enables to establish the following characteristics: structural imbalances, a gap between regional investing priorities and determined priorities, a break in the production chain, an asymmetry in technological development of regional industries, expansion of foreign companies on the domestic market, incompatibility between the system of institutions and the aims of social and economic development of regions.The research paper describes the current challenges for regional development, such as deepening of regional differences in creating tensions in regional labour markets; intensification of migration processes; growing differences in the intensity of structural changes; reducing foreign investment; institutional and fiscal decentralization; growing problems in organizing and financing social services; deepening asymmetry in the development of cross-border infrastructure, which requires a system of protection against increasing threats to economic security.A range of methodological approaches to assessing the level of economic security is generalized. A set of quantitative and qualitative indicators is suggested for evaluating the results of security assurance activities at all levels of the hierarchy: a region, a territorial community, a business enterprise, a person.The priority areas of administrative activity designed to prevent threats to economic security are identified. Given the current challenges, these priority areas include: structural reform of the economy, an increasing backbone role of state-owned entrepreneurship, inter-regional and inter-municipal cooperation, modernization of social safety in terms of personal security, strengthening safety of entrepreneurship, reinforcement of security of local communities under conditions of political, administrative, financial, fiscal, economic and environmental decentralization.The main characteristics of each area are pointed out. Further research studies are to be undertaken to empirically examine the results of these measures and identify barriers for institutional assurance of economic security.

The conceptual characteristics of information security in the international political dimension, the approaches to the interpretation of its basic concepts in foreign and domestic studies, the modern ideas determined by the transformation of contemporary information security's paradigm are analyzed and defined in the article.Key words: information security, information threats, «hate speech», clicktivism, hacktivism. ; У статті розглядаються понятійно-категоріальні характеристики інформаційної безпеки у міжнародно-політичному, вимірі, аналізуються різні підходи до тлумачення основних понять у зарубіжних і вітчизняних дослідженнях, визначаються новітні поняття, обумовлені трансформацією сучасної парадигми інформаційної безпеки.Ключові слова: інформаційна безпека, інформаційні загрози, «мова ворожнечі», кліктивізм, хактивізм.

The research paper has been dedicated to the generalization and systematization of scientific achievements of representatives of international environmental direction of economic studies on Ukraine's international issues.The notion of «Ukraine's international studies» has been defined at the research. They are both studies of regularities and peculiarities, factors, subjects, values, directions, priorities, formation and realization of Ukraine's politics on the international arena and international studies in which Ukraine is an object.Reviewed scientific results of author's abstracts of Ukrainian doctoral and candidate theses, economic directions of Ukraine's international studies have been proposed. They are: theoretical, competitive, foreign economic, integration, security and international environmental. Theoretical direction of economic studies on Ukraine's international issues deals with phenomena of social-economic systems, a national economy, a cooperation between society and state in economic processes and an economic component of society functioning. Competitive direction of economic studies on Ukraine's international issues investigates phenomena of a national competitiveness, its components and a transit potential of Ukraine. Integration direction of economic studies on Ukraine's international issues researches phenomena of the international and regional integration of Ukraine. The security direction of economic studies on Ukraine's international issues investigates phenomena of the economic security of Ukraine and its components. Foreign economic direction of economic studies on Ukraine's international issues deals with phenomena of international economic relations of Ukraine, her foreign economic activity and her trans-boarder cooperation. International environmental direction of economic studies on Ukraine's international issues investigates international factors of the development of the national economic of Ukraine.Scientific results of representatives of the international direction of economic studies on Ukraine's international issues have been under analysis at the research paper. They had proposed new scientific results and further elaboration of phenomena of the economic sovereignty of Ukraine, the stability of the national economy, a local clasterization, the foreign debt of Ukraine, an international investment, an international technical assistance, the international trade of tourist services, an international migration, a transnationalization, a state regulation of the national economy and the international image of Ukraine.Key words: Ukraine's international issues; economic studies; international environmental direction. ; Узагальнено науковий доробок представників міжнародносередовищевого напряму економічних досліджень української міжнародної проблематики. Висвітлено наукові результати дисертаційних праць дослідників цього напряму з розробки феноменів економічного суверенітету держави, стійкості національної економіки, локальної кластеризації, зовнішньої торгівлі, іноземних кредитів, зовнішнього боргу, іноземних інвестицій, міжнародної технічної допомоги, міжнародної торгівлі туристичними послугами, міжнародної міграції, транснаціоналізації, державного регулювання національної економіки, міжнародного іміджу країни.Ключові слова: українська міжнародна проблематика; економічні дослідження; міжнародносередовищевий напрям.

The issue of safety culture is one of the most important in a modern medical facility because any problems during the provision of services may lead to irreversible consequences. Not only the patient may suffer, but the doctor who assisted. Unfortunately, very little attention to this issue is paid in Ukraine. Based on this, we can say that the topic is relevant and requires studying. The purpose of writing this article is the analysis of the ways of forming professional safety culture in clinical medicine. The methods by which we carried out scientific research are observation, analysis, evaluation, comparison, generalization. The work examined interpretation of the term "safety culture", types of innovation in which it belongs and the main methods of its creation in the medical field. Safety culture in the medical field involves the right of all health care workers to use measures to prevent actions that can harm a patient or a colleague. Different approaches were considered in the interpretation of the term "safety culture" and we proposed our own: safety culture is a system of values, objectives, knowledge and skills, rules and procedures, convictions shared by representatives of a certain medical profession and supported by patients, creating a favourable working climate, atmosphere of trust and becoming an efficient tool for achieving the goals of the organization. The main components of the safety culture were defined: responsibilities of managers, communication, performance, resources of safety, trust, the degree of job satisfaction, etc. Based on several studies, it was found that no country has a perfect medical system. Every system should be improved. We proposed measures to fix the situation with the safety culture in health care facilities. The correct management of safety can eliminate or fix many medical errors. That is why the need for a clear program of implementation, execution and control of SC in the medical establishment is necessary. Scientific novelty of this work lies in the interpretation of the term "safety culture" at medical institutions and in determining major steps towards its creation. Practical value of the work is the opportunity to implement these steps in medical institutions for improvement of the safety culture and, therefore, to reduce the risk of bad accidents during treatment. Further research can address safety culture management in medical institutions on the examples from the experience of countries with effective systems of health care.

Problem setting. In the context of digital world and information technology development, special focus is made on issues related to professional training of IT specialists, and primarily of cybersecurity specialists within the security and defense authorities of Ukraine.Fundamental and advanced training as well as re-training of cybersecurity specialists are the challenges faced in safeguarding cybersecurity in Ukraine. In light of extensive reforms being implemented in all life areas of the Ukrainian society, proper training for cybersecurity specialists of the security and defense authorities of Ukraine is getting especially relevant and requires special attention of the leaders of these security and defense authorities.Recent research and publications analysis. The analysis has identified that principally the development, through effective reforms, of the system of fundamental and advanced training as well as re-training of people employed in the institutions committed to safeguarding the Ukrainian cybersecurity is one of the ways to implement the Cybersecurity Strategy of Ukraine and the Concept for the Development of the Security and Defense Sector of Ukraine.At the same time, one should acknowledge that the issue of implementing the Cybersecurity Strategy of Ukraine and other regulations has been taken beyond the focus of comprehensive scientific research studies. In practice, this results in the understated importance of training for the personnel of the security and defense sector entities, which is one of the priorities and ways of safeguarding cybersecurity in Ukraine.Highlighting previously unsettled parts of the general problem. The publication aims to outline the challenges related to professional training of cybersecurity specialists. To achieve the target, the following issues require being addressed: analysis of regulatory framework of professional training for cybersecurity specialists; study of issues related to procurement of training and training itself in the area of information security, cybersecurity, cyberprotection and data protection in cyberspace during 2016 – 2018 by the core Ukrainian security and defense sector entities; giving practical recommendations to government authorities on how to improve the system of professional training for cybersecurity specialists.Paper main body. Now, training of qualified personnel remains the key component of self-sufficient operation of the country. The issue of professional training of cybersecurity specialists can be found incorporated in a number of regulations made and approved by the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, President of Ukraine and Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine (Law of Ukraine "On Fundamentals of Safeguarding Cybersecurity of Ukraine"; Strategy of the National Security of Ukraine; Cybersecurity Strategy of Ukraine; Regulation on the National Coordination Center for Cybersecurity; and the Cabinet's decrees for the respective year that directly approve the Ukrainian Cybersecurity Strategy implementation measures).The analysis in the publication shows that the major weaknesses of procuring the professional training of cybersecurity specialists by the Ukrainian security and defense sector entities are the lack:– of dedicated divisions (sectors, units, subdivisions) within the ministries and departments being the entities of the security and defense sector of Ukraine, which would be in charge of the issues related to training, qualification and advanced training of personnel, and primarily the issues of cybersecurity, cyberprotection, information security and data protection in cyberspace;– of procedure to identify the need for advanced training of cybersecurity specialists from among the military service personnel or the leaders;– of mandatory regular certification (re-certification) of the personnel in charge of safeguarding the cybersecurity;– of training centers dedicated to issues of information security, cybersecurity, cyberprotection and data protection in cyberspace.Given the above, the challenges of procuring professional training for cybersecurity specialists are getting especially relevant and particularly require raising issues about further development of such procurement to address the needs of the security and defense authorities of Ukraine.Conclusions of the research and prospects for further studies. Development of the information-oriented society and implementation of the cutting-edge information technology in all life areas of the community and government authorities is one of the critical directions of the state policy.Meanwhile, the research has shown the underworked nature of the regulatory framework of procurement and provision of various types of training in the area of information security, cybersecurity and data protection in cyberspace, and primarily at the government level. The research has also identified the fragmentary nature of regulating this issue. It has been discovered that the general weakness of the analyzed regulatory framework is the failure of practical fulfillment of most provisions and requirements incorporated in the above documents.The conclusions and recommendations made during the work process can be used in practical activities of the government authorities that directly participate in training the "Information Technology" specialists and in combating cyberthreats in the process of developing the sustainable state information policy and the regulatory framework. ; Проведено аналіз нормативно-правового забезпечення підготовки фахівців ізкібербезпеки та надано характеристику системі підготовки та підвищення кваліфікації фахівців із кібербезпеки основних суб'єктів національної системи кібербезпеки. Виявлено проблемні питання щодо підготовки та підвищення кваліфікації фахівців із кібербезпеки основних суб'єктів національної системи кібербезпеки, що уповільнюють впровадження інформаційних технологій в усіх сферах суспільного життя та діяльності. Сформульовано пропозиції основним суб'єктам національної системи кібербезпеки та Національному координаційному центру кібербезпеки, які беруть участь у професійній підготовці фахівців із кібербезпеки, для подальшого використання у практичній діяльності та для удосконалення відповідної нормативно-правової бази.

Problem setting. In the context of digital world and information technology development, special focus is made on issues related to professional training of IT specialists, and primarily of cybersecurity specialists within the security and defense authorities of Ukraine.Fundamental and advanced training as well as re-training of cybersecurity specialists are the challenges faced in safeguarding cybersecurity in Ukraine. In light of extensive reforms being implemented in all life areas of the Ukrainian society, proper training for cybersecurity specialists of the security and defense authorities of Ukraine is getting especially relevant and requires special attention of the leaders of these security and defense authorities.Recent research and publications analysis. The analysis has identified that principally the development, through effective reforms, of the system of fundamental and advanced training as well as re-training of people employed in the institutions committed to safeguarding the Ukrainian cybersecurity is one of the ways to implement the Cybersecurity Strategy of Ukraine and the Concept for the Development of the Security and Defense Sector of Ukraine.At the same time, one should acknowledge that the issue of implementing the Cybersecurity Strategy of Ukraine and other regulations has been taken beyond the focus of comprehensive scientific research studies. In practice, this results in the understated importance of training for the personnel of the security and defense sector entities, which is one of the priorities and ways of safeguarding cybersecurity in Ukraine.Highlighting previously unsettled parts of the general problem. The publication aims to outline the challenges related to professional training of cybersecurity specialists. To achieve the target, the following issues require being addressed: analysis of regulatory framework of professional training for cybersecurity specialists; study of issues related to procurement of training and training itself in the area of information security, cybersecurity, cyberprotection and data protection in cyberspace during 2016 – 2018 by the core Ukrainian security and defense sector entities; giving practical recommendations to government authorities on how to improve the system of professional training for cybersecurity specialists.Paper main body. Now, training of qualified personnel remains the key component of self-sufficient operation of the country. The issue of professional training of cybersecurity specialists can be found incorporated in a number of regulations made and approved by the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, President of Ukraine and Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine (Law of Ukraine "On Fundamentals of Safeguarding Cybersecurity of Ukraine"; Strategy of the National Security of Ukraine; Cybersecurity Strategy of Ukraine; Regulation on the National Coordination Center for Cybersecurity; and the Cabinet's decrees for the respective year that directly approve the Ukrainian Cybersecurity Strategy implementation measures).The analysis in the publication shows that the major weaknesses of procuring the professional training of cybersecurity specialists by the Ukrainian security and defense sector entities are the lack:– of dedicated divisions (sectors, units, subdivisions) within the ministries and departments being the entities of the security and defense sector of Ukraine, which would be in charge of the issues related to training, qualification and advanced training of personnel, and primarily the issues of cybersecurity, cyberprotection, information security and data protection in cyberspace;– of procedure to identify the need for advanced training of cybersecurity specialists from among the military service personnel or the leaders;– of mandatory regular certification (re-certification) of the personnel in charge of safeguarding the cybersecurity;– of training centers dedicated to issues of information security, cybersecurity, cyberprotection and data protection in cyberspace.Given the above, the challenges of procuring professional training for cybersecurity specialists are getting especially relevant and particularly require raising issues about further development of such procurement to address the needs of the security and defense authorities of Ukraine.Conclusions of the research and prospects for further studies. Development of the information-oriented society and implementation of the cutting-edge information technology in all life areas of the community and government authorities is one of the critical directions of the state policy.Meanwhile, the research has shown the underworked nature of the regulatory framework of procurement and provision of various types of training in the area of information security, cybersecurity and data protection in cyberspace, and primarily at the government level. The research has also identified the fragmentary nature of regulating this issue. It has been discovered that the general weakness of the analyzed regulatory framework is the failure of practical fulfillment of most provisions and requirements incorporated in the above documents.The conclusions and recommendations made during the work process can be used in practical activities of the government authorities that directly participate in training the "Information Technology" specialists and in combating cyberthreats in the process of developing the sustainable state information policy and the regulatory framework. ; Проведено аналіз нормативно-правового забезпечення підготовки фахівців ізкібербезпеки та надано характеристику системі підготовки та підвищення кваліфікації фахівців із кібербезпеки основних суб'єктів національної системи кібербезпеки. Виявлено проблемні питання щодо підготовки та підвищення кваліфікації фахівців із кібербезпеки основних суб'єктів національної системи кібербезпеки, що уповільнюють впровадження інформаційних технологій в усіх сферах суспільного життя та діяльності. Сформульовано пропозиції основним суб'єктам національної системи кібербезпеки та Національному координаційному центру кібербезпеки, які беруть участь у професійній підготовці фахівців із кібербезпеки, для подальшого використання у практичній діяльності та для удосконалення відповідної нормативно-правової бази.

У статті наголошується, що один із головних викликів, які постали перед Україною після здобуття незалежності, і до сьогодні не втратив актуальності – це питання пошуку національної ідентичності. Українська ідентичність є визначальним підґрунтям становлення демократичних основ життя суспільства та української національної держави. В умовах глобальних викликів 2020 року питання утвердження української ідентичності ще більше актуалізується насамперед у контексті національної безпеки.Формування загальнонаціональної ідентичності є чинником національної безпеки України. Забезпечення національної безпеки особливо актуалізувалося в умовах тих змін і викликів, які виникли в епоху глобалізації. Нові виклики у сфері національної безпеки насамперед пов'язані з кризовими явищами у світовій економіці, епідемією коронавірусної хвороби, посиленням небезпеки виникнення надзвичайних ситуацій природного та техногенного характеру. Акцентується увага на тому, що у новій Стратегії національної безпеки України (2020) йдеться про протидію деструктивній пропаганді і про необхідність розвитку української культури як основи консолідації української нації та зміцнення її ідентичності.Аналізуються найбільші виклики 2020 року: COVID-19, криза в системі української освіти та демографічна криза. Поширення коронавірусної інфекції перетворилося на масштабну, реальну глобальну та одночасно національну загрозу безпеці України. Зазначається, що у сучасних умовах українська освіта не відповідає ані сучасним запитам з боку особистості та суспільства, ані потребам економіки, ані світовим тенденціям. Чинна в Україні система освіти не враховує викликів сьогодення, серед яких найвідчутніші – епідемія коронавірусної хвороби та збройна агресія РФ проти України. Демографічні тенденції сучасної України можуть призвести до значного зменшення чисельності українців і заселення країни іншокультурними іммігрантами, що внаслідок створить виклик державності та ідентичності. ; The article emphasizes the fact that one of the main challenges Ukraine faced after gaining its independence and which hasn't lost its relevance till today is the question of finding its national identity. Ukrainian identity is the defining basis for the formation of democratic foundations of the society and the Ukrainian nation-state. In the context of the global challenges of 2020, the issue of establishing Ukrainian identity is even more relevant, primarily in the context of national security.Formation of the national identity is a factor in the national security of Ukraine. Ensuring national security has become especially important in the context of global changes and challenges that have arisen in the globalization era. New challenges in the field of national security are primarily related to the crisis in the world economy, the epidemic of coronavirus, increased risk of emergencies of natural and man-made nature. Emphasis is placed on the fact that the new National Security Strategy of Ukraine (2020) deals with counteracting destructive propaganda and the need to develop Ukrainian culture as a basis for consolidating the Ukrainian nation and strengthening its identity.The article analyzes the biggest challenges of 2020: COVID-19, the crisis in the Ukrainian education system, and the demographic crisis. The spread of coronavirus infection has become a large-scale, real global, and at the same time a national threat to Ukraine's security. It is noted that in modern conditions, Ukrainian education doesn't meet the modern demands of the individual and society, either the needs of the economy or global trends. The current education system in Ukraine doesn't take into account today's challenges, the most significant of which are the coronavirus epidemic and Russia's armed aggression against Ukraine. Demographic trends in modern Ukraine can lead to a considerable reduction in the number of Ukrainians and the population of the country by foreign cultural immigrants, who, in turn, will create a challenge to statehood and identity.

У статті наголошується, що один із головних викликів, які постали перед Україною після здобуття незалежності, і до сьогодні не втратив актуальності – це питання пошуку національної ідентичності. Українська ідентичність є визначальним підґрунтям становлення демократичних основ життя суспільства та української національної держави. В умовах глобальних викликів 2020 року питання утвердження української ідентичності ще більше актуалізується насамперед у контексті національної безпеки.Формування загальнонаціональної ідентичності є чинником національної безпеки України. Забезпечення національної безпеки особливо актуалізувалося в умовах тих змін і викликів, які виникли в епоху глобалізації. Нові виклики у сфері національної безпеки насамперед пов'язані з кризовими явищами у світовій економіці, епідемією коронавірусної хвороби, посиленням небезпеки виникнення надзвичайних ситуацій природного та техногенного характеру. Акцентується увага на тому, що у новій Стратегії національної безпеки України (2020) йдеться про протидію деструктивній пропаганді і про необхідність розвитку української культури як основи консолідації української нації та зміцнення її ідентичності.Аналізуються найбільші виклики 2020 року: COVID-19, криза в системі української освіти та демографічна криза. Поширення коронавірусної інфекції перетворилося на масштабну, реальну глобальну та одночасно національну загрозу безпеці України. Зазначається, що у сучасних умовах українська освіта не відповідає ані сучасним запитам з боку особистості та суспільства, ані потребам економіки, ані світовим тенденціям. Чинна в Україні система освіти не враховує викликів сьогодення, серед яких найвідчутніші – епідемія коронавірусної хвороби та збройна агресія РФ проти України. Демографічні тенденції сучасної України можуть призвести до значного зменшення чисельності українців і заселення країни іншокультурними іммігрантами, що внаслідок створить виклик державності та ідентичності. ; The article emphasizes the fact that one of the main challenges Ukraine faced after gaining its independence and which hasn't lost its relevance till today is the question of finding its national identity. Ukrainian identity is the defining basis for the formation of democratic foundations of the society and the Ukrainian nation-state. In the context of the global challenges of 2020, the issue of establishing Ukrainian identity is even more relevant, primarily in the context of national security.Formation of the national identity is a factor in the national security of Ukraine. Ensuring national security has become especially important in the context of global changes and challenges that have arisen in the globalization era. New challenges in the field of national security are primarily related to the crisis in the world economy, the epidemic of coronavirus, increased risk of emergencies of natural and man-made nature. Emphasis is placed on the fact that the new National Security Strategy of Ukraine (2020) deals with counteracting destructive propaganda and the need to develop Ukrainian culture as a basis for consolidating the Ukrainian nation and strengthening its identity.The article analyzes the biggest challenges of 2020: COVID-19, the crisis in the Ukrainian education system, and the demographic crisis. The spread of coronavirus infection has become a large-scale, real global, and at the same time a national threat to Ukraine's security. It is noted that in modern conditions, Ukrainian education doesn't meet the modern demands of the individual and society, either the needs of the economy or global trends. The current education system in Ukraine doesn't take into account today's challenges, the most significant of which are the coronavirus epidemic and Russia's armed aggression against Ukraine. Demographic trends in modern Ukraine can lead to a considerable reduction in the number of Ukrainians and the population of the country by foreign cultural immigrants, who, in turn, will create a challenge to statehood and identity.

One of the aspects of ensuring the tax security of the state is to create an effective system for managing this process. The tax security management system includes the following elements: subjects of tax security relations management; normative legal acts regulating the field of tax security of the state, information support of the tax security management system of Ukraine. The essence of such concepts as the tax security of the state and the tax burden are determined. The current state of tax security of Ukraine has been assessed.The importance of fiscal security lies in the appropriateness of government intervention to secure economic growth through fiscal interest. However, a clear distinction between fiscal interests is one of the key factors behind fiscal security. The fateful progress between the state and society, which fosters fiscal interest, objectively led to the formation of a new institute – tax security. Security needs are linked to the state's desire to achieve a stable and secure state and represent the need to protect against economic, environmental, technological, socio-economic and other environmental threats and the assurance that the priority needs of the state and the individual will be met. In view of the above, the main objective of tax security can be identified as the implementation of measures to neutralize the risk factors that have a negative impact on the vital interests ofcitizens, economic entities, the state and achieve a level of economic status in the country, which would be characterized by financial stability and economic uplift and positively influenced the overall life of the society. Unlike Western science, where the study of security issues is an independent part of the theory of international relations (Security studies) and even taught as a separate discipline, in Ukraine this field of scientific knowledge is still in its infancy and has not been fully determined by its subject, but practically undefined, her symptoms and the content of the threats that could cause her significant harm are not fully understood. ; Одним из аспектов обеспечения налоговой безопасности государства является создание эффективной системы управления этим процессом. Система управления обеспечением налоговой безопасности включает такие элементы: субъекты управления отношениями в сфере налоговой безопасности; нормативные правовые акты, регулирующие отрасль налоговой безопасности государства; информационное обеспечение системы управления налоговой безопасностью Украины.Определена сущность таких понятий, как «налоговая безопасность государства» и «налоговая нагрузка». Проведена оценка современного состояния налоговой безопасности Украины. ; Одним з аспектів забезпечення податкової безпеки держави є створення ефективної системи управління цим процесом. Система управління забезпеченням податкової безпеки включає такі елементи: суб'єкти управління відносинами у сфері податкової безпеки; нормативні правові акти, що регулюють галузь податкової безпеки держави; інформаційне забезпечення системи управління податковою безпекою України. Визначено сутність таких понять, як «податкова безпека держави» та «податкове навантаження». Проведено оцінку сучасного стану податкової безпеки України.