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The article presents the strategic directions for the development of scientific research of academician of the RAS G.G. Matishov in the context of ensuring the security of Russian society. The prospects of the future of Russian science are described.

Dynamics of economical, political and social factors of electoral campaign are analysed. The problem of ensuring security of elections within the framework of modern electoral process is dealt with.The paper gives examples of influencing the public opinion in the course of the electoral process, for example, psychological influence, information and political manipulations are described. ; Анализируется динамика экономических, политических, социальных факторов предвыборной кампании. Рассматривается проблема обеспечения безопасности выборов в рамках современного избирательного процесса.Даются примеры воздействия на общественное мнение в ходе избирательного процесса, такие как психологическое воздействие, описываются информационные и политические манипуляции.

The risk in General and in the theoretical understanding of security, in particular, should be considered as an indivisible all-encompassing phenomenon inherent in any activity. Manifestations of interest and analysis require the essence of risk, its features, components and qualities, the interaction of subjective and objective risk, the prerequisites that give rise to risk in real life, aspects of risk assessment. In real financial, economic and managerial practice, the concept of "risk" is applied in any way and not necessarily correct. This is due, first of all, to different objective reasons (risk is a complex manifestation, which has a large number of non-matching grounds); second, different subjective reasons (attitude to risk).

This article provides insight into the initiatives of the President of France Emmanuel Macron in the field of European Union security and defense. France is leading the processes of military convergence of the EU members. The author examines the perspectives of such a convergence and tries to identify both internal and external causes of the French European policy. The author explores Macron's European policy and compares it with the ideology of classical gaullism, laid the foundation for the Fifth Republic led by general Charles de Gaulle. The author characterizes Macron's policies as ―flexible gaullism'' and identifies its main features. The author assesses the perspectives of the initiatives suggested by Macron in the sphere of European security and defense and tries to reveal possible obstacles for the realization of these initiatives. The article also provides an analytical assessment of the current French external European policy, evaluates the political influence of modern France on the European Union Common Security and Defense. The author explores the impact of Brexit on the position of France in EU and studies the role of Paris in PESCO - Permanent Structured Cooperation. The article reveals joint initiatives of France and Germany and the role of Franco-German tandem in the EU Common Security and Defense Policy. © 2020 Institute of Europe Russian Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.

The article substantiates the need to use new approaches in describing the regional economic security including the institutional theory. We argue the importance of economic security for overcoming governance imperfections. Moreover, it is significant to a new paradigm unifying various theories that differ from one another according to methodological features — substantive, functional and axiological ones. In the modern theory of socio-economic development, more attention has been paid to the regional economic security and its institutional explanation. The purpose of the article is to study the economic security of a region through the prism of institutional factors. These factors allow revealing internal features that determine the nature of regional economic security. However, studying these factors using traditional economic theory remains less accessible. The research hypothesis supposes that our method of studying the economic security increases the effectiveness of scientific analysis. Moreover, it allows to identify a region as a complex phenomenon where universal standards of market behaviour can be considered as the special cases of economy. In this regard, the research contributes to the concept of regional economic security. We consider a region using the French «theory of agreements». The application of the theory of conventions allows to re-formulate the concept of the interaction of regional government bodies with a multi-institutional object of regulation. This is a typical for addressing the issue of economic security of northern regions where the problem of market behaviour has more acute and painful form. The outcome of this work can be used as a guide for the modernization of regional governance. © 2018 Institute of Economics Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. ; Изложено становление теории экономической безопасности и ее институциональной интерпретации. Представлены основные задачи управления экономической безопасностью. Рассмотрены эволюция и особенности производственной структуры Республики Коми.

The article explores the issue on the perception of the concept "national security" areas, models and methods of its maintenance by the population. The author uses materials of the sociological survey conducted by the Laboratory of problems of increasing the efficiency of state and municipal management of the South-Russian Institute of Management - branch of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration. The survey was carried out with the participation of leading experts in various aspects of national security, representing 27 Russian higher educational institutions and research centers in Moscow, Astrakhan, Barnaul, Belgorod, Dushanbe, Krasnodar, Nizhny Novgorod, Omsk, Pyatigorsk, Rostov-on-Don, Saint Petersburg, Syktyvkar, Sochi, Ufa. It is noted that as a priority political governance model that implements the basic concept of national security, respondents identified a democratic model. Most respondents believe that a unified security model in the Russian regions is ineffective, and such model should be developed taking into account the specificity of each subject. The study showed that the public's attention to the issue of national security is not sustainable, as determined by situational factors. It is proved that the motives of anxiety formed in the Russian public mind are not sustainable, and situational. Respondents see the economic cooperation more effective incentive to maintain national interests than by force. Estimation of the population of the priority issues of security shows that most respondents appreciate the organization of work to ensure the safety and anti-terrorism security in the sphere of national relations. The findings give grounds to assert that the focus of public attention to the problem of national security does not yet occupy the leading positions. To a greater extent, respondents focused on the issues of public safety, reducing threats and risks in their daily lives. Apparently, despite the external and internal attempts by certain forces to escalate the symptoms of military threats, economic and political instability, the state authorities have managed to maintain a stable situation on the ground and to instill confidence in the stability of the government itself. However, assessments of respondents showing pain points (as discussed above), on which the regional and federal authorities and the public should focus their attention. This should avoid focusing on minor topics objects, eliminate switching public attention on themes and subjects that do not require a real public outcry and do not carry the real threats to the individual, society and state. Thus, the problem of improving the state policy in the sphere of security exists objectively, and its resolution should be ensured not only by the professional power sector, deputies and representatives of the executive power, but also qualified experts from civil society and scientific environment. (author's abstract)

в данной статье рассматриваются понятия «безопасность» ; «национальной безопасность» ; виды национальной безопасности ; последние изменения в доктрине Национальной безопасности Российской Федерации. Как отмечает автор работы ; доверие и партнерские отношения между отдельными государствами сменились санкциями и недопониманием ; имеются экономический ; миграционный ; экологический ; социальный и иные кризисы ; учащение военных столкновений и ряд других проблем ; которые непосредственно затрагивают национальную безопасность любой страны ; в том числе и Российскую Федерацию. ; this article describes such notions as "security" ; "national security" ; types of national security ; recent changes in the National security of Russian Federation doctrine. According to the author trust and partnership relations between governments changed to the sanctions and misunderstanding ; there are also economical ; migration ; ecological ; social and other types of crises ; military collisions and other problems ; which effect national security of any country ; including Russian Federation.

The realities of Ukraine's debt policy show an increase in the debt of the state, both domestic and foreign. Significant debt dependency can endanger national security, including its financial security and debt security components. The purpose of this st ; В статі проаналізований рівень боргової безпеки держави в умовах трансформаційних процесів в економіці. Автором розкриті теоретико-методологічні засади формування та оцінювання боргової безпеки, виділені основні її загрози та небезпеки, систематизовані та ; В статі проаналізований рівень боргової безпеки держави в умовах трансформаційних процесів в економіці. Автором розкриті теоретико-методологічні засади формування та оцінювання боргової безпеки, виділені основні її загрози та небезпеки, систематизовані та

Formation of social and economic security of various systems as a process is organized in the political, legal, information, the financial and economic field created by the institutional environment of their existence. The internal institutional environment is represented by public administration institutions and social institutions in the state itself. The external environment is defined by the institutions that ensure security, interactive hierarchical levels in cross – country, among the regional entities and international scale. Their composition and methods of interaction form the basis that contributes to the stability of the structure of the economy and the implementation of the functions of maintaining social and economic security. In fact, the institutional environment is oriented towards formal and informal measures and criteria of economic activity and behaviour of financial and economic entities. This quality of the institutional environment can be applied to the formation of inter-element relations of the system of maintaining socio-economic security (national, regional, international).

Security issues are becoming more and more relevant for the Russian Federation in the context of the development of globalization processes and external pressure on the country. For the sustainable preservation and development of Russian society, economic security is becoming a priority.

Ключевые слова: европейская безопасность; интеграция интеграций; ЕАЭС; ЕС; региональные межправительственные организации; средства массовой информации; вызовы и риски; общие угрозы; международный порядок; острая сила. = Key words: European security; integration of integrations; EAEU; EU; regional intergovernmental organizations; mass media; challenges and risks; common threats; international order; sharp power. ; В статье показано, что во втором десятилетии ХХ в. перестали выполняться важнейшие соглашения, лежавшие в основе европейской безопасности с конца прошлого столетия. И российское руководство, и руководство ЕС первоначально были положительно настроены в отношении интеграции интеграций – создания единого экономического и политического пространства от Лиссабона до Владивостока. C 2014 г. ситуация поменялась. Значительный вклад в расшатывание основ европейской безопасности внесли крупнейшие западные и российские СМИ. Мюнхенская конференция по безопасности 2018 г. показала значительную дивергенцию мнений европейских политиков по поводу набора общих угроз, в том числе таких, как рост политического радикализма, ненормированная миграция, проведение гибридных операций, влияющих на результаты выборов. Россия использует в своей внешней политике целый набор инструментов, который может быть охарактеризован, как «острая сила». В статье продемонстрировано, что накал противостояния между Россией и Западом продолжает негативно сказываться на состоянии европейской безопасности и процессах евразийской интеграции. ; The article demonstrates that the most important agreements underpinning the European security since the end of the preceding century stopped being implemented in the second decade of the 21st century. The Russian leaders and EU leaders initially favorably viewed the idea of «integration of integrations»: creating a common economic and political space from Lisbon to Vladivostok. This has changed since 2014. Powerful Western and Russian media made a substantial contribution to undermining the foundations of the European security. Munich Security Conference 2018 demonstrated an essential diversion of the European politicians' opinions on the number of common threats, including the growth of political radical-ism, the abnormal migration and conducting of hybrid operations, which could influence the elections' results. The Russian Federation uses in its foreign policy a number of tools, which could be described as «sharp power». The article demonstrates that the level of confrontation between Russia and the West persistently negatively affects the situation in European security and the development of the Eurasian integration.

Some theoretical and methodological aspects of a role and value of innovative security in system of national security of the state are considered. The basic concepts of innovative security, essence of innovative security in formation of innovative economy, economy of knowledge are analyzed. Questions of innovative security get the special importance because now innovative technologies and processes of their introduction have crucial value for improvement of quality of life, expansion of possibilities of development and maintenance of national security of all without an exception of the states. In the majority of economically developed states already long time researches devoted to problems of national and economic security are conducted. And, the innovative component in these researches is considered as a component economic or scientific and technical (technological) security. The methodology of studying national and economic is in this time developed, security, there was a conceptual device and structure of categories «national security». Recognising importance of the spent workings out on a security problematics, it is necessary to notice that the system research devoted to studying of problems of maintenance of national security in the conditions of innovative development till now it was not spent. Especially it concerns processes of maintenance of interrelation of national security and innovative activity, formation of the concept of innovative security, its realisation in practice. Till now there is no unequivocal interpretation of essence of innovations, their influences on national and economic security. The analysis shows that at transition to an innovative way of development there are changes not only in economy and its making parts, but, and in world outlook, psychological, political, social and economic, scientifically-technological, educational and cultural spheres, institutional structures of the state and a society, in development of the person. That is, the spheres which problems of safe development cannot be solved within the limits of economic security are mentioned. There is an objective requirement, for the decision of these many-sided and multidimensional problems arising in the course of formation of innovative economy, its safe development to generate within the limits of system of national security a new direction innovative security. ; Рассмотрены отдельные теоретические и методологические аспекты роли и значения инновационной безопасности в системе национальной безопасности государства. Анализируются основные понятия инновационной безопасности, сущность инновационной безопасности в период формирования инновационной экономики, экономики знаний. Особую значимость вопросы инновационной безопасности приобретают в связи с тем, что в настоящее время инновационные технологии и процессы их внедрения имеют критически важное значение для улучшения качества жизни, расширения возможностей развития и обеспечения национальной безопасности всех без исключения государств. В большинстве экономически развитых государств уже длительное время ведутся исследования посвященные проблемам национальной и экономической безопасности. Причем инновационная составляющая в этих исследованиях рассматривается как составная часть экономической или научно-технической (научно технологической) безопасности. За это время разработана методология изучения национальной и экономической безопасности, сложились понятийный аппарат и структура категорий национальной безопасности. Признавая важность проведенных разработок по проблематике безопасности, необходимо отметить, что системного исследования, посвященного изучению проблем обеспечения национальной безопасности в условиях инновационного развития, до настоящего времени не проводилось. Особенно это касается процессов обеспечения взаимосвязи национальной безопасности и инновационной деятельности, формирования концепции инновационной безопасности, ее реализации на практике. До настоящего времени нет однозначного толкования сущности инноваций, их влияния на национальную и экономическую безопасность. Анализ показывает, что при переходе на инновационный путь развития происходят изменения не только в экономике и ее составляющих частях, но и в мировоззренческой, психологической, политической, социально-экономической, научно-технологической, образовательной и культурной сферах, институциональных структурах государства и общества, в развитии личности. То есть затрагиваются сферы, проблемы безопасного развития которых невозможно решить в рамках экономической безопасности. Возникает объективная потребность, для решения этих многогранных и многоаспектных проблем, возникающих в процессе формирования инновационной экономики, безопасного ее развития, сформировать в рамках системы национальной безопасности новое направление – инновационную безопасность.