The dissertation analyzes the perspective of development of the system of public services organized by local government institutions. In the context of global structural changes in public administration the organization of provision of public services at the municipal level encounter multiple challenges. The functionality of public services' systems formed with the basis of mixed market is provided by the dynamism of innovative solutions requiring integration of new knowledge and practices. A nature and coherence of the organization of public services as a research object with many other societies' and national development processes determines the specificity of the public service management while the lack of valuations resolution of multipliers defining the quality and efficiency of organization of services, interpreted in different ways, requires improvement of the research methodology. This is one of the few studies in which quality of public services perceived by consumers is valued by the method of documents analysis, focusing not on technical indicators but on the subjective (individual consumption) level, on research of service attributes which determine the consumers' dissatisfaction. This research also carries out the survey of heads of municipal administrations structural subdivisions. By interpreting the results of empirical research in the context of organization of theoretical public services and specific conditions of Lithuanian local governments the insights for functional public services system formation are formed and supported.
The dissertation analyzes the perspective of development of the system of public services organized by local government institutions. In the context of global structural changes in public administration the organization of provision of public services at the municipal level encounter multiple challenges. The functionality of public services' systems formed with the basis of mixed market is provided by the dynamism of innovative solutions requiring integration of new knowledge and practices. A nature and coherence of the organization of public services as a research object with many other societies' and national development processes determines the specificity of the public service management while the lack of valuations resolution of multipliers defining the quality and efficiency of organization of services, interpreted in different ways, requires improvement of the research methodology. This is one of the few studies in which quality of public services perceived by consumers is valued by the method of documents analysis, focusing not on technical indicators but on the subjective (individual consumption) level, on research of service attributes which determine the consumers' dissatisfaction. This research also carries out the survey of heads of municipal administrations structural subdivisions. By interpreting the results of empirical research in the context of organization of theoretical public services and specific conditions of Lithuanian local governments the insights for functional public services system formation are formed and supported.
The final master's thesis examines high-tech industry and barriers for improving processes in such industries. Overview of high-tech industry in Lithuania is made with comparisons with other European Union countries. Analysis of most popular business improvement methodologies – "Lean", "Six Sigma" and "Theory of Constraints" – is made. In addition to that employee reaction to change and motivational factors are examined as important components of improvement model implementation success. Possibilities to improve high-tech industry performance by implementing business improvement methodologies are analyzed, which is possible by eliminating constraints that reduce the success of such systems implementation in high-tech industry. Employee influence to the success of business improvement methodology implementation is examined and the opposite – business improvement methodology implementation influence to employee motivation and initiative is also examined. Based on the results of the research and empirical data collected from two high-tech companies and one generalized group of employees a model for high-tech company business improvement is proposed, which also has tools to improve employee morale and motivation. The work consists of three parts: introduction, high-tech industry business improvement theoretical aspect analysis, high-tech industry empirical research, high-tech industry business improvement model, conclusions and recommendations, references, appendixes. The work consists of – 89 pages (excluding appendixes), 37 images, 15 tables, 52 references. The accessories are attached separately.
The final master's thesis examines high-tech industry and barriers for improving processes in such industries. Overview of high-tech industry in Lithuania is made with comparisons with other European Union countries. Analysis of most popular business improvement methodologies – "Lean", "Six Sigma" and "Theory of Constraints" – is made. In addition to that employee reaction to change and motivational factors are examined as important components of improvement model implementation success. Possibilities to improve high-tech industry performance by implementing business improvement methodologies are analyzed, which is possible by eliminating constraints that reduce the success of such systems implementation in high-tech industry. Employee influence to the success of business improvement methodology implementation is examined and the opposite – business improvement methodology implementation influence to employee motivation and initiative is also examined. Based on the results of the research and empirical data collected from two high-tech companies and one generalized group of employees a model for high-tech company business improvement is proposed, which also has tools to improve employee morale and motivation. The work consists of three parts: introduction, high-tech industry business improvement theoretical aspect analysis, high-tech industry empirical research, high-tech industry business improvement model, conclusions and recommendations, references, appendixes. The work consists of – 89 pages (excluding appendixes), 37 images, 15 tables, 52 references. The accessories are attached separately.
Changes in health care pose an increasing number of organizational challenges. One of them is to ensure well-organized, high-quality, safe and competent nursing care professionals. While training of nurses is compulsory in Lithuania, it is important to assess the needs of nurses' professional development, taking into account their existing and missing competences, as well as to ensure that the knowledge acquired by nurses is used as effectively as possible in practice. Subject of the study: Improvement of the professional competencies of nurses. Problem: How does competences improvement meet the needs of nurses? Aim of the study: Examination of the improvement of the professional competence of nurses. The tasks of the research: To analyse theoretical aspects of the improvement of the professional competence of nurses; to examine the legal regulation of the professional development of nurses; to analyze the assessment of the professional competence of nurses; to identify the need and frequency of the improvement of professional competences of nurses; to examine the factors affecting the frequency and need of the improvement of competences. Study methods: analysis of scientific literature, documents and legislation, questionnaire survey, statistical analysis: descriptive statistics, weighted averages and frequencies in percentage, cross frequency tables, estimated correlation of Spearman, Cronbach alpha criterion, non-parametric criteria Kruskal Wallis test Conclusions: Nurses professional competence can be described as acquired knowledge, skills, understanding and experience in the exercise of their professional role, compliance with the standards required for the organisation and specific workplace. It is important not only to develop it, but also to assess the needs of competence development, and to ensure the ability to acquire and realise the necessary competences at work. Nurses acquire professional competences during nursing studies and continuously expand their professional qualifications according to the procedure established by Health Ministry. The definition of competences is the subject of discussion. There is no single definition or pattern of care competence, but they all have common elements. The study found that nurses feel the need for improvement in all competence groups, the need for improvement and frequency were mostly influenced by the age of respondents, and less often by education. The most important areas for improvement are personal characteristics, peer support and legal knowledge. The least developed competences were related to training activities. The main influences on the selection of vocational training courses are the subject of courses, the number of hours of improvement received, and the convenience of place and time. Most of all, nurses lack knowledge about their day-to-day activities in vocational training courses, such as practical skills, information technology and psychology and legal knowledge. Work structure: The first part of the thesis deals with professional development, its impact on workers and organizations, the development of the skills of nurses, their relationship with their careers, regulation, competence development and evaluation. The second part of the work presents the results of the quantitative study relating to the improvement of the professional competence of nurses, the factors influencing the choice of competence improvement courses, and the skills that nurses miss in improving competences. Conclusions and recommendations shall be provided.
Changes in health care pose an increasing number of organizational challenges. One of them is to ensure well-organized, high-quality, safe and competent nursing care professionals. While training of nurses is compulsory in Lithuania, it is important to assess the needs of nurses' professional development, taking into account their existing and missing competences, as well as to ensure that the knowledge acquired by nurses is used as effectively as possible in practice. Subject of the study: Improvement of the professional competencies of nurses. Problem: How does competences improvement meet the needs of nurses? Aim of the study: Examination of the improvement of the professional competence of nurses. The tasks of the research: To analyse theoretical aspects of the improvement of the professional competence of nurses; to examine the legal regulation of the professional development of nurses; to analyze the assessment of the professional competence of nurses; to identify the need and frequency of the improvement of professional competences of nurses; to examine the factors affecting the frequency and need of the improvement of competences. Study methods: analysis of scientific literature, documents and legislation, questionnaire survey, statistical analysis: descriptive statistics, weighted averages and frequencies in percentage, cross frequency tables, estimated correlation of Spearman, Cronbach alpha criterion, non-parametric criteria Kruskal Wallis test Conclusions: Nurses professional competence can be described as acquired knowledge, skills, understanding and experience in the exercise of their professional role, compliance with the standards required for the organisation and specific workplace. It is important not only to develop it, but also to assess the needs of competence development, and to ensure the ability to acquire and realise the necessary competences at work. Nurses acquire professional competences during nursing studies and continuously expand their professional qualifications according to the procedure established by Health Ministry. The definition of competences is the subject of discussion. There is no single definition or pattern of care competence, but they all have common elements. The study found that nurses feel the need for improvement in all competence groups, the need for improvement and frequency were mostly influenced by the age of respondents, and less often by education. The most important areas for improvement are personal characteristics, peer support and legal knowledge. The least developed competences were related to training activities. The main influences on the selection of vocational training courses are the subject of courses, the number of hours of improvement received, and the convenience of place and time. Most of all, nurses lack knowledge about their day-to-day activities in vocational training courses, such as practical skills, information technology and psychology and legal knowledge. Work structure: The first part of the thesis deals with professional development, its impact on workers and organizations, the development of the skills of nurses, their relationship with their careers, regulation, competence development and evaluation. The second part of the work presents the results of the quantitative study relating to the improvement of the professional competence of nurses, the factors influencing the choice of competence improvement courses, and the skills that nurses miss in improving competences. Conclusions and recommendations shall be provided.
The quality system of legislation is a topical issue, which until now has been poorly investigated in Lithuania. Parliament is put under more pressure and more requirements so in order to keep the balance, legal acts must also face quality requirements to keep up with the high standards of legislation. The aim of the Master's thesis is to improve the quality system of legislation. Tasks of the work are: to analyze legal acts, different types of legal acts, development of drafts from initiation to admission; to analyze the issues of the quality system of legislation; carry out an author's survey; to prepare proposals for improvement of the quality system. Master's thesis consists of analysis of scientific and normative literature, description of research methodology, description of research results, proposals and conclusions presented by the author. In an exploratory study, an unstructured interview method was used, while the main study used half-structured interviews, giving respondents the opportunity to provide additional information they consider important at the time of the interview. During the literature and document analysis, it was established that the quality system of legislation in Lithuania exists in the Law on the Basis of Legislation of the Republic of Lithuania (Lietuvos Respublikos teisėkūros pagrindų įstatymas), the Order of the Minister of Justice of the Republic of Lithuania on the Approval of Recommendations for the Drafting of Legislative Acts (Lietuvos Respublikos teisingumo ministro įsakymas dėl teisės aktų projektų rengimo rekomendacijų patvirtinimo), and the Order of the Chief Archivist of Lithuania on the Approval of the Documents Preparation Rules (Lietuvos vyriausiojo archyvaro įsakymas dėl dokumentų rengimo taisyklių patvirtinimo). These legal acts provide for the principles of law, rules of the legal technique and the procedure for preparing documents, which must be followed during the drafting of legal acts. During the analysis, the reasons for possible incorrect use of the quality system of legislation were formed, which are to be checked during the author's research. The author's research analyzed the problematic aspects of the use of the legal framework for the quality system. It has been established that the misuse of this system does not arise from the inadequate system, but due to the qualification of Parliament members, their assistants qualification, distribution of funding among Parliament members and their assistants. Problematic aspects are systemic and must be aimed at eliminating them, thus consolidating the effective use of the system of quality evaluation of legislation among the representatives of the legislative branch. Two major proposals are presented for the improvement of the quality system of legislation: the creation of a methodological "book", i.e. combining the three pieces of legislation that separate the quality system of legislation into one easily accessible form and reorganizing the activities of the Legal Department in the Parliament, creating an initial and secondary evaluation of draft legal acts, thus avoiding common mistakes made by Parliament members and their assistants.
The quality system of legislation is a topical issue, which until now has been poorly investigated in Lithuania. Parliament is put under more pressure and more requirements so in order to keep the balance, legal acts must also face quality requirements to keep up with the high standards of legislation. The aim of the Master's thesis is to improve the quality system of legislation. Tasks of the work are: to analyze legal acts, different types of legal acts, development of drafts from initiation to admission; to analyze the issues of the quality system of legislation; carry out an author's survey; to prepare proposals for improvement of the quality system. Master's thesis consists of analysis of scientific and normative literature, description of research methodology, description of research results, proposals and conclusions presented by the author. In an exploratory study, an unstructured interview method was used, while the main study used half-structured interviews, giving respondents the opportunity to provide additional information they consider important at the time of the interview. During the literature and document analysis, it was established that the quality system of legislation in Lithuania exists in the Law on the Basis of Legislation of the Republic of Lithuania (Lietuvos Respublikos teisėkūros pagrindų įstatymas), the Order of the Minister of Justice of the Republic of Lithuania on the Approval of Recommendations for the Drafting of Legislative Acts (Lietuvos Respublikos teisingumo ministro įsakymas dėl teisės aktų projektų rengimo rekomendacijų patvirtinimo), and the Order of the Chief Archivist of Lithuania on the Approval of the Documents Preparation Rules (Lietuvos vyriausiojo archyvaro įsakymas dėl dokumentų rengimo taisyklių patvirtinimo). These legal acts provide for the principles of law, rules of the legal technique and the procedure for preparing documents, which must be followed during the drafting of legal acts. During the analysis, the reasons for possible incorrect use of the quality system of legislation were formed, which are to be checked during the author's research. The author's research analyzed the problematic aspects of the use of the legal framework for the quality system. It has been established that the misuse of this system does not arise from the inadequate system, but due to the qualification of Parliament members, their assistants qualification, distribution of funding among Parliament members and their assistants. Problematic aspects are systemic and must be aimed at eliminating them, thus consolidating the effective use of the system of quality evaluation of legislation among the representatives of the legislative branch. Two major proposals are presented for the improvement of the quality system of legislation: the creation of a methodological "book", i.e. combining the three pieces of legislation that separate the quality system of legislation into one easily accessible form and reorganizing the activities of the Legal Department in the Parliament, creating an initial and secondary evaluation of draft legal acts, thus avoiding common mistakes made by Parliament members and their assistants.
The quality system of legislation is a topical issue, which until now has been poorly investigated in Lithuania. Parliament is put under more pressure and more requirements so in order to keep the balance, legal acts must also face quality requirements to keep up with the high standards of legislation. The aim of the Master's thesis is to improve the quality system of legislation. Tasks of the work are: to analyze legal acts, different types of legal acts, development of drafts from initiation to admission; to analyze the issues of the quality system of legislation; carry out an author's survey; to prepare proposals for improvement of the quality system. Master's thesis consists of analysis of scientific and normative literature, description of research methodology, description of research results, proposals and conclusions presented by the author. In an exploratory study, an unstructured interview method was used, while the main study used half-structured interviews, giving respondents the opportunity to provide additional information they consider important at the time of the interview. During the literature and document analysis, it was established that the quality system of legislation in Lithuania exists in the Law on the Basis of Legislation of the Republic of Lithuania (Lietuvos Respublikos teisėkūros pagrindų įstatymas), the Order of the Minister of Justice of the Republic of Lithuania on the Approval of Recommendations for the Drafting of Legislative Acts (Lietuvos Respublikos teisingumo ministro įsakymas dėl teisės aktų projektų rengimo rekomendacijų patvirtinimo), and the Order of the Chief Archivist of Lithuania on the Approval of the Documents Preparation Rules (Lietuvos vyriausiojo archyvaro įsakymas dėl dokumentų rengimo taisyklių patvirtinimo). These legal acts provide for the principles of law, rules of the legal technique and the procedure for preparing documents, which must be followed during the drafting of legal acts. During the analysis, the reasons for possible incorrect use of the quality system of legislation were formed, which are to be checked during the author's research. The author's research analyzed the problematic aspects of the use of the legal framework for the quality system. It has been established that the misuse of this system does not arise from the inadequate system, but due to the qualification of Parliament members, their assistants qualification, distribution of funding among Parliament members and their assistants. Problematic aspects are systemic and must be aimed at eliminating them, thus consolidating the effective use of the system of quality evaluation of legislation among the representatives of the legislative branch. Two major proposals are presented for the improvement of the quality system of legislation: the creation of a methodological "book", i.e. combining the three pieces of legislation that separate the quality system of legislation into one easily accessible form and reorganizing the activities of the Legal Department in the Parliament, creating an initial and secondary evaluation of draft legal acts, thus avoiding common mistakes made by Parliament members and their assistants.
The quality system of legislation is a topical issue, which until now has been poorly investigated in Lithuania. Parliament is put under more pressure and more requirements so in order to keep the balance, legal acts must also face quality requirements to keep up with the high standards of legislation. The aim of the Master's thesis is to improve the quality system of legislation. Tasks of the work are: to analyze legal acts, different types of legal acts, development of drafts from initiation to admission; to analyze the issues of the quality system of legislation; carry out an author's survey; to prepare proposals for improvement of the quality system. Master's thesis consists of analysis of scientific and normative literature, description of research methodology, description of research results, proposals and conclusions presented by the author. In an exploratory study, an unstructured interview method was used, while the main study used half-structured interviews, giving respondents the opportunity to provide additional information they consider important at the time of the interview. During the literature and document analysis, it was established that the quality system of legislation in Lithuania exists in the Law on the Basis of Legislation of the Republic of Lithuania (Lietuvos Respublikos teisėkūros pagrindų įstatymas), the Order of the Minister of Justice of the Republic of Lithuania on the Approval of Recommendations for the Drafting of Legislative Acts (Lietuvos Respublikos teisingumo ministro įsakymas dėl teisės aktų projektų rengimo rekomendacijų patvirtinimo), and the Order of the Chief Archivist of Lithuania on the Approval of the Documents Preparation Rules (Lietuvos vyriausiojo archyvaro įsakymas dėl dokumentų rengimo taisyklių patvirtinimo). These legal acts provide for the principles of law, rules of the legal technique and the procedure for preparing documents, which must be followed during the drafting of legal acts. During the analysis, the reasons for possible incorrect use of the quality system of legislation were formed, which are to be checked during the author's research. The author's research analyzed the problematic aspects of the use of the legal framework for the quality system. It has been established that the misuse of this system does not arise from the inadequate system, but due to the qualification of Parliament members, their assistants qualification, distribution of funding among Parliament members and their assistants. Problematic aspects are systemic and must be aimed at eliminating them, thus consolidating the effective use of the system of quality evaluation of legislation among the representatives of the legislative branch. Two major proposals are presented for the improvement of the quality system of legislation: the creation of a methodological "book", i.e. combining the three pieces of legislation that separate the quality system of legislation into one easily accessible form and reorganizing the activities of the Legal Department in the Parliament, creating an initial and secondary evaluation of draft legal acts, thus avoiding common mistakes made by Parliament members and their assistants.
The problems of socialization and social integration of the contemporary young generation are analysed in the article. Insufficient learning motivation, dissatisfaction in current school life and refusing to go to school, inability to make rational plans for future (learning, career, family, etc.), finding ways how to realize them, and finding ways of socially acceptable living are the topics which are of high importance in many modern countries and in Lithuania too. The aim of the research was to enclose the main methodological premises enabling to optimize current development of human resources in many societies of today. The role of the educational system in the process of socialization is under discussion: could it be in action in future as before, and if the answer is "yes", how it should be developed for more efficient performance? It is decided that we do not have enough personal and social courage and methods for creation of absolutely new system of education up to now. In such case we discuss only about some innovative ways of thinking and restructuring of the existing educational system. The main conclusions of the presented research are the following: permanent changes in societies call for making new goals and content of the socialization process. The countries under political, economical, cultural and educational transition (as Lithuania is) must find new ways creating closer social cooperation between local, national and global levels and different institutions of education. The system of education should be integrated with the social partners and society's institutions in much more extent. Closer ties should be developed among basic education and vocational education, and school, family, local community and the world of work are expected to form new and more efficient connections. Making new strategies for young generation socialization knowledge of various social and humanitarian sciences should be united in much more extent than it used to be, and contribution of economists and politicians is necessary. There is clear need for youth's socialization research and creating of new social structures based on systematic approach in Lithuania. Forms of international cooperation in establishing new models of youth social mobility and employment are mentioned as potentially productive also.
The problems of socialization and social integration of the contemporary young generation are analysed in the article. Insufficient learning motivation, dissatisfaction in current school life and refusing to go to school, inability to make rational plans for future (learning, career, family, etc.), finding ways how to realize them, and finding ways of socially acceptable living are the topics which are of high importance in many modern countries and in Lithuania too. The aim of the research was to enclose the main methodological premises enabling to optimize current development of human resources in many societies of today. The role of the educational system in the process of socialization is under discussion: could it be in action in future as before, and if the answer is "yes", how it should be developed for more efficient performance? It is decided that we do not have enough personal and social courage and methods for creation of absolutely new system of education up to now. In such case we discuss only about some innovative ways of thinking and restructuring of the existing educational system. The main conclusions of the presented research are the following: permanent changes in societies call for making new goals and content of the socialization process. The countries under political, economical, cultural and educational transition (as Lithuania is) must find new ways creating closer social cooperation between local, national and global levels and different institutions of education. The system of education should be integrated with the social partners and society's institutions in much more extent. Closer ties should be developed among basic education and vocational education, and school, family, local community and the world of work are expected to form new and more efficient connections. Making new strategies for young generation socialization knowledge of various social and humanitarian sciences should be united in much more extent than it used to be, and contribution of economists and politicians is necessary. There is clear need for youth's socialization research and creating of new social structures based on systematic approach in Lithuania. Forms of international cooperation in establishing new models of youth social mobility and employment are mentioned as potentially productive also.
Taxes are the major revenue source of national budget in Lithuania and in many other states. Tax systems are continuously changing as countries align their tax systems with evolving economic, political, and administrative conditions. Regularly growing state's expenditures and ensuing increased need for revenues raise new challenges for the governments. This paper reviews the main theoretical features of the tax system, examines issues affecting the formulation of tax system goals and formation of tax policy, in considaration of the taxation principles, tax burden and other important aspects of tax system. The main aim of the present work is to review the structure of taxes in Lithuania and to reveal the problems of tax system formation and development. The graduation paper consider what factors determining the level and structure of tax revenues in Lithuania may have changed recently and how such changes may affect the need of tax system improvement. This work examines the effect of means that should reveal the rationalization and optimization of tax system in Lithuania. Finally the paper focuses on possibilities of tax system improvement by way to increase its effectiveness and explores options to improve its efficiency. Research object – tax system of Lithuania and possibilities of tax system improvement. Research aim – to present the theoretical aspects of taxation and to evaluate the possibilities of the tax system improvement in Lithuania. The graduation work consists of introduction, three problem sections, conclusions and proposals – total 71 pages (without list of literature and supplements - 59). It includes 5 tables, 27 pictures and 2 supplements. The paper contains 79 sources of literature.
Taxes are the major revenue source of national budget in Lithuania and in many other states. Tax systems are continuously changing as countries align their tax systems with evolving economic, political, and administrative conditions. Regularly growing state's expenditures and ensuing increased need for revenues raise new challenges for the governments. This paper reviews the main theoretical features of the tax system, examines issues affecting the formulation of tax system goals and formation of tax policy, in considaration of the taxation principles, tax burden and other important aspects of tax system. The main aim of the present work is to review the structure of taxes in Lithuania and to reveal the problems of tax system formation and development. The graduation paper consider what factors determining the level and structure of tax revenues in Lithuania may have changed recently and how such changes may affect the need of tax system improvement. This work examines the effect of means that should reveal the rationalization and optimization of tax system in Lithuania. Finally the paper focuses on possibilities of tax system improvement by way to increase its effectiveness and explores options to improve its efficiency. Research object – tax system of Lithuania and possibilities of tax system improvement. Research aim – to present the theoretical aspects of taxation and to evaluate the possibilities of the tax system improvement in Lithuania. The graduation work consists of introduction, three problem sections, conclusions and proposals – total 71 pages (without list of literature and supplements - 59). It includes 5 tables, 27 pictures and 2 supplements. The paper contains 79 sources of literature.
In this article a presently existing public administration system in Lithuania as well as the position of municipalities (subjects of local self–government) in that system are described, the features of the "real" local self–government are being formulated, potentially possible groups of problems of local self–government are distinguished and currently main problems of municipalities of Lithuania are indicated. The author of the article notes that in Lithuania up till now the concept of the "real" local self–government has not been clearly and unambiguously defined yet. That makes the formulation of target goals, tasks and means as well as their implementation developing the system of local self–government more difficult. Seeking at least partly to fill the existing gap, the author of the article formulates eight features of the "real" local self–government. Having defined the problem of local self–government as a deviation from the "normal" conditions for the functioning of the local self–government system that cause negative changes in the system, the author of the article shows the relationship between the "normal" conditions for the functioning of local self–government and the formulated features of the "real" local self–government. According to this relationship the author of the article indicates eight potentially possible groups of problems of local self–government. On the basis of the accumulated knowledge and acquired experience the author of the article points out five groups of currently particularly important problems for local self–government of Lithuania, which are conditionally named as follows: 1) suppressed independence; 2) insufficient constructiveness of the relationship among different levels of government; 3) economic problems of municipalities; 4) not involving community members in managing local affairs; 5) inertness of municipalities.
