Suchergebnisse

La abstracción hombre-Estado ha puesto implícita la relación entre el modelo de Estado ideal y el modelo arquetípico del hombre y de la masculinidad. Esta dinámica ha jugado un papel importante en la configuración del sistema internacional, el cual prioriza los asuntos militares y económicos sobre aquellos relacionados con la seguridad humana, como el cuidado medioambiental, la nutrición y la atención a fenómenos habitacionales, tales como, crisis migratorias o afectaciones a la salud pública. Así mismo, la aparición de una política exterior con tendencia al militarismo, el rechazo hacia el cuidado y a la cooperación internacional en la segunda década del siglo XXI evidencia que existe una tendencia hacia la extrapolación de dichas características de la masculinidad en el diseño e implementación de la política exterior de ciertos Estados. El presente proyecto de investigación reflexiona sobre el desarrollo de una política exterior guiada por la masculinidad hegemónica, mediante a partir del análisis de la política exterior diseñada y ejecutada por el gobierno del presidente Donald Trump en los Estados Unidos entre los años 2017 y 2020. ; The man-state abstraction has implicitly implied the relationship between the ideal state model and the archetypal model of man and masculinity. This dynamic has played an important role in the configuration of the international system, which prioritizes issues military and economic over those related to security human, such as environmental care, nutrition and care to housing phenomena, stories such as migratory crises or effects on public health. Also, the emergence of a policy external contention to militarism, the rejection of care and international cooperation in the second decade of the 21st century evidence that there is a tendency towards the extrapolation of these characteristics of masculinity in the design and implementation of the foreign policy of certain states. The present project of research reflects on the development of a foreign policy guided by hegemonic masculinity, through from the analysis of foreign policy designed and executed by the government of President Donald Trump in the United States between the years 2017 and 2020.

In this paper are analyzed the multiple problems and challenges arose by the introduction of the new criminal liability system for legal persons, created by the LO 5/2010, with the intention of looking for an interpretation, which gives a safe ground to the system and also allows to respond to the necessities of criminal policy that those entities pose to the modern criminal law, without sacrificing in the attempt the guaranties that must be respected by any system of imputation of a true democratic State. ; En el presente artículo se analizan los múltiples problemas y retos que afronta el nuevo sistema de responsabilidad penal de las personas jurídicas introducido por la LO 5/2010, para buscar una interpretación que lo dote de un fundamento seguro y permita además responder a las exigencias político-criminales que dichos entes plantean al moderno Derecho penal, sin sacrificar en el empeño las garantías que ha de observar cualquier sistema de imputación de responsabilidad penal de un verdadero Estado democrático y de Derecho.

En los movimientos que conforman las diferentes acciones del poder popular, reflejadas, en las más de las ocasiones, en acciones de protesta frente a los abusos de los gobiernos y leyes antisociales, que afectan a la sociedad, recortando derechos y exigiendo, cada vez más, la aceptación de trabajos precarios, subidas de impuestos, aumento del desempleo, entre otras; observamos que es al Estado a quién se presiona y de quién se espera la asignación de las demandas. En este texto se cambia el sujeto de la acción de El Estado al Poder popular, quién, a través de la autogestión, la autosuficiencia y la autonomía, propone nuevos caminos basados en la búsqueda propia de las necesidades y en la creación de herramientas para cubrirlas. ; In the movements that make up the different actions of popular power, reflected in most of the occasions, protests against abuses by governments and anti-social laws that affect society, cutting rights and demanding increasingly the acceptance of precarious jobs, tax hikes, rising unemployment, among others; We note that it is the State who is depressed and whose allocation is expected demands. This text on the subject is changed from the action of the State to the people's government, who one through self-management, self-reliance and autonomy, propose new paths based on the finding Own Needs and toolmaking to cover them.

"It's hard to try new things-for adults as well as children. It's hard to stick with it when something is more difficult than we thought, or doesn't work out the way we planned. In simple words and realistic illustrations, this book teaches children about flexibility and perseverance-skills essential to success in all areas of life, at all ages and stages. Made to be read aloud, this book also includes a special section for adults, with discussion questions to share, perseverance games to play, and other suggestions for helping children persevere"--

This essay deals with the role of international cooperation among Third World countries in order to achieve self-dependent development. It focuses on the role of science and technology and examines the content of the concept of self-reliance in relation to technology, the changing frame of international relations, and possible strategies for cooperation among underdeveloped countries. We argue that if technological cooperation takes place within the context of broader political and economic integration, additional fields emerge for international collaboration among the least developed countries. Thus, it is necessary to establish an international association with a broad participation of underdeveloped countries from all regions of the world. ; Este ensayo trata acerca del rol de la cooperación internacional entre los países del Tercer Mundo con el propósito de alcanzar un desarrollo autodependiente. Se concentra en el rol de la ciencia y la tecnología y examina el contenido del concepto de autodependencia en relación con la tecnología, el cambiante molde de las relaciones internacionales y las estrategias posibles para la cooperación entre los países subdesarrollados. Sostenemos que si la cooperación tecnológica se realiza dentro del contexto de una integración política y económica más amplia, emergen campos adicionales para la colaboración internacional entre los países menos desarrollados. Así, se hace necesario establecer una asociación internacional con una amplia participación de los países subdesarrollados de todas las regiones del mundo.

The following article reconstruct the experience of struggle of the workers of Cerámica Zanón on the way to the current workers' self-management, under the name of FASINPAT (factory without bosses). We try to show how it is possible that, in collective instances, the workers establish their own rules and regulations, their own political definitions, and achieve a certain control of the work process, moving towards a questioning of the levers of social power in the current capitalist system. This process of building workers' autonomy is slow and contradictory: it incorporates tools such as factory occupation into the repertoire of struggle and at the same time establishes the legality that sustains it; it initiates the start-up of production under egalitarian criteria while the state intervenes by regulating its activity and resignifies the original idea of "recovered factories", among other aspects that are developed chronologically. Finally, the current challenges of this workers' experience are discussed: the extension of the model to other factories, the continuity of the workers' political participation in parliament, and their survival in an adverse political and economic context. Key words: self-management, workers' autonomy, FASINPAT, recovered factories. ; El siguiente artículo reconstruye la experiencia de lucha de lxs obreros de Cerámica Zanón en el camino hacia la actual autogestión obrera, bajo el nombre de FASINPAT (fábrica sin patrones). Tratamos de mostrar cómo es posible que, en instancias colectivas, los obreros establezcan sus propias normas y reglamentaciones, sus definiciones políticas, y alcancen cierto control del proceso de trabajo, avanzando hacia un cuestionamiento de los resortes del poder social en el actual sistema capitalista. Este proceso de construcción de una autonomía obrera es lento y contradictorio: incorpora al repertorio de lucha herramientas como la ocupación fabril y al mismo tiempo establece la legalidad que la sustente; inicia la puesta en producción bajo criterios igualitarios al tiempo que el Estado intercede regulando su actividad y resignifica la idea original de "fábricas recuperadas", entre otros aspectos que se desarrollan cronológicamente. Por último, se plantean los desafíos actuales de esta experiencia obrera: la extensión del modelo hacia otras fábricas, la continuidad de la participación política de los obreros en el parlamento, y la supervivencia en un contexto político y económico adverso. ; O artigo seguinte reconstrói a experiência de luta dos trabalhadores da Cerámica Zanón no caminho para a atual autogestão dos trabalhadores, sob o nome de FASINPAT (fábrica sem patrões). Tentamos mostrar como é possível que, em instâncias coletivas, os trabalhadores estabeleçam suas próprias regras e regulamentos, suas próprias definições políticas, e alcancem um certo controle do processo de trabalho, caminhando para um questionamento das alavancas do poder social no atual sistema capitalista. Este processo de construção da autonomia dos trabalhadores é lento e contraditório: incorpora ferramentas como a ocupação de fábricas no repertório de luta e ao mesmo tempo estabelece a legalidade que a sustenta; inicia o início da produção sob critérios igualitários enquanto o Estado intervém regulando sua atividade e resigna a idéia original de "fábricas recuperadas", entre outros aspectos que são desenvolvidos cronologicamente. Finalmente, são discutidos os desafios atuais desta experiência dos trabalhadores: a extensão do modelo a outras fábricas, a continuidade da participação política dos trabalhadores no parlamento e sua sobrevivência em um contexto político e econômico adverso. Palavras-chave: autogestão, autonomia dos trabalhadores, FASINPAT, fábricas recuperadas.

Corruption in Public Procurement causes negative repercussions for the social interest of the democratic State. Thus, administrative measures to confront it should protect the common good. In this light, the article analyzes self-cleaning techniques as the application of the rehabilitation legal institution under the principle of proportionality. To achieve this, the text will begin from the European Union directives to contrast them with the American and World Bank experiences. ; La corrupción en las contrataciones con el Estado genera repercusiones negativas en el interés social del Estado democrático. Así, las medidas administrativas a fin de combatirla deben consagrar la protección del interés general. En este sentido, el presente artículo analiza las técnicas de self-cleaning como aplicación de la figura jurídica de la rehabilitación, al amparo del principio de proporcionalidad. Para esto, partirá de las directivas de la Unión Europea y las contrastará con las experiencias norteamericana y del Banco Mundial.

Este es el artículo que se ha publicado de forma definitiva en: https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0760/8/10/280/htm ; Este número lleva por título "Democracy, Free Speech and Minorities". ; Over the past decade, the problems arising from social communication have yet again become burning issues on social and political agendas. Information disorder, hate speeches, information manipulation, social networking sites, etc., have obliged the most important European institutions to reflect on how to meet the collective challenges that social communication currently poses in the new millennium. These European Institutions have made a clear commitment to self-regulation. The article reviews some recent European initiatives to deal with information disorder that has given a fundamental role to self-regulation. To then carry out a theoretical review of the normative notion of self-regulation that distinguishes it from the neo-liberal economicist conception. To this end, (1) a distinction is drawn between the (purportedly) self-regulating market and (2) a broader conception of self-regulation inherent not to media companies or corporations, but to the social subsystem of social communication, is proposed. This involves increasing the number of self-regulatory mechanisms that may contribute to improve social communication, and reinforcing the commitment of those who should exercise such self-regulation, including not only media companies but also the professionals working at them and the public at large.

Este es el artículo que se ha publicado de forma definitiva en: https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0760/8/10/280/htm ; Este número lleva por título "Democracy, Free Speech and Minorities". ; Over the past decade, the problems arising from social communication have yet again become burning issues on social and political agendas. Information disorder, hate speeches, information manipulation, social networking sites, etc., have obliged the most important European institutions to reflect on how to meet the collective challenges that social communication currently poses in the new millennium. These European Institutions have made a clear commitment to self-regulation. The article reviews some recent European initiatives to deal with information disorder that has given a fundamental role to self-regulation. To then carry out a theoretical review of the normative notion of self-regulation that distinguishes it from the neo-liberal economicist conception. To this end, (1) a distinction is drawn between the (purportedly) self-regulating market and (2) a broader conception of self-regulation inherent not to media companies or corporations, but to the social subsystem of social communication, is proposed. This involves increasing the number of self-regulatory mechanisms that may contribute to improve social communication, and reinforcing the commitment of those who should exercise such self-regulation, including not only media companies but also the professionals working at them and the public at large.

Public procurement is one of the causes for corruption. In addition to the punitive aspect, it is necessary to study other approaches that address the preventive aspect. These would be the compliance and self-cleaning techniques, originating in English-speaking countries. The European Union has just regulated self-cleaning in its public procurement Directive from 2014, establishing a series of characteristics to be developed by the Member States ; La contratación pública es una de las causa de la corrupción. Además de la dimensión punitiva es necesario explorar otras aproximaciones que parten de la perspectiva preventiva. Son las técnicas de compliance y de self-cleaning, de inspiración anglosajona. La Unión Europea acaba de regular en su Directiva de contratación pública de 2014 el self-cleaning estableciendo una serie de características que deberán ser desarrolladas por los Estados Miembros