Marino & Merskin's valuable review of the literature on sheep cognition shows how entrenched common views of these animals' mental lives are disputed by the research literature. Yet the evidence they muster faces three challenges that their target article does not discuss: (1) the behavioral tasks are strongly anthropocentric; (2) neuroscientific data are absent; and (3) applications are not discussed. I touch on all three of these here.
Sheep production in Sweden is an agricultural sector that today exists merely as a small niche, despite its agroecological potential. Through literature research, a survey and 18 semi-structured interviews, this paper defines the sector's marginality and attempts to explain it. The effects of the sector's marginality on the sustainability of Swedish sheep farming and agriculture as a whole are evaluated. Finally, desirable directions for development of the Swedish sheep sector are suggested. The findings showed that the marginality of the Swedish sheep sector to a large extent is a product of socio-cultural factors that affect the structure of the sheep sector. Not least, the sector's marginality reinforces itself. In addition, bio-physical, historical and political circumstances have played a role in marginalising the sector. Several weaknesses and strengths regarding sustainability were recognized within the current, small-scale structures of Swedish sheep farming. Opportunities were identified through which the sheep sector could actually contribute to agricultural sustainability precisely through its marginality. Equally, threats to sustainability that arise from the sector being limited to its niche were acknowledged. Overall, the findings suggest that it would be beneficial for the Swedish sheep sector to grow if agroecological, sustainable farming is the ultimate goal. Whether this growth can and will be achieved, however, is questionable.
"Wool and mutton are commanding higher prices than ever before, and supplies of wool are being depleted so rapidly that it will take some time after peace is declared to restock the wool trade. The sheep-killing dog constitutes one of the greatest menaces to the success of the sheep industry. The most effective method of dealing with the sheep-killing dog is through efficient legislation. Notable progress has been made by several States in enacting good dog laws, and others are expected to take similar action. No law, however well worded it may be, can be effective unless it is enforced and has the moral support of the people who are affected by it. Uniform State dog laws are desirable."--Page [2]. ; This bulletin supersedes Farmers' bulletin 652. ; Contribution from the Bureau of Animal Industry. ; Cover title. ; Present status of the sheep industry -- Number of sheep killed by dogs -- Habits of the sheep-killing dog -- How dog lovers can aid -- Dog-proof fences -- Dog laws -- Digest of State dog laws -- Complete dog laws of Pennsylvania and West Virginia. ; "Wool and mutton are commanding higher prices than ever before, and supplies of wool are being depleted so rapidly that it will take some time after peace is declared to restock the wool trade. The sheep-killing dog constitutes one of the greatest menaces to the success of the sheep industry. The most effective method of dealing with the sheep-killing dog is through efficient legislation. Notable progress has been made by several States in enacting good dog laws, and others are expected to take similar action. No law, however well worded it may be, can be effective unless it is enforced and has the moral support of the people who are affected by it. Uniform State dog laws are desirable."--Page [2]. ; Mode of access: Internet.
"In From Sheep to Sock, early fluent readers learn how a sock is made, from shearing wool from sheep to pairing and packing socks for people to buy. Vibrant, full-color photos and carefully leveled text will engage young readers as they learn about how this item gets to their dressers. An infographic illustrates the cycle with real photos and descriptions. Children can learn more about socks using our safe search engine that provides relevant, age-appropriate websites. From Sheep to Sock also features reading tips for teachers and parents, a table of contents, a glossary, and an index. From Sheep to Sock is part of Jump!'s Where Does It Come From? series"--
Sheep rearing has an incredibly long history. Sometimes this alone can give credibility and status to a human practice. In the twenty-first century, it may be time to reassess our treatment of sheep and their place in nature. "Just because we've always done it" no longer has validity by itself. There are many other human practices which used to be accepted widely in certain societies and which we now may find abhorrent. With sheep intelligence now rightly regarded as an acceptable area of research within the academic community, it is a good time to reflect on our treatment of these animals and suggest possible alternative scenarios.
A collection of documents and correspondence pertaining to the Espil Sheep Company of Maricopa and Coconino Counties. Includes: A newspaper article announcing the death of Pete Espil, 1959; correspondence between the Espil Sheep Company, the California Range Association and various government officials, regarding the immigration of sheepherders from France; correspondence from the draft board regarding the defferal of Mike Pete Espil from the war to maintain his sheep business; and court documentation from the District of Arizona declaring Pedro Espil a naturalized citizen of the United States. BIOGRAPHICAL NOTE: Soon after Juan de Onate's arrival in 1598 sheep became the staple production of New Mexico.Sheep most likely moved into what is now Arizona by the Navajo in the early 1600's.The first breeding sheep, however, arrived in Arizona with Padre Eusebio Kino about 1700. From this point on sheep were raised, traded and purchased throughout New Mexico,Mexico, Arizona and California. In the middle of the 1870's Arizona's reputation as a sheep range was generally acknowledged. The 19th century brought increasing numbers of white settlers who quickly took over the sheep industry. Arizona was an open range country during the period of 1880-1890. With the completion of the Atlantic and Pacific Railroad land was no longer as open. This and the growing number of cattle increased already evolving tensions. Sharing mutual interests,sheep men in Arizona met in Flagstaff on October 1,1886 and organized the Arizona Sheep Breeders and Wool Growers Association. This group acts to this day as the official organization for Arizona's woolgrowers.
Tables. ; Original issued in series: Bulletin / Saskatchewan. Dept. of Agriculture ; no. 37. ; At head of title: Government of the Province of Saskatchewan. Department of Agriculture. Live Stock Branch. ; "Published by direction of the Hon. W.R. Motherwell, Minister of Agriculture." ; Includes bibliographical references and an index. ; Electronic reproduction. ; Mode of access: Internet. ; 44
