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Analysis of attitude towards various professions (attractiveness or prestige) is a integral part of studying the choice of profession. The dynamics of the attitude of young people to the studies indicates that it is clearly connected with the current situation and changes when new phenomena arise in it. Thus, in the data of the 1960s echoes of recent events are noticeable - the launch of the first Soviet "Sputniks", the Yuri Gagarin's flight. The connection with the demand for professions, one way or another related to science and technology, is obvious: the attractiveness of the occupations of scientists and engineers is great. During the years of economic difficulties and shortages, attention was drawn to the rise in the attractiveness of the professions of a seller, an accountant, which had previously been among the lowest rated. Then the time came when the leaders were professions of a bank employee, a lawyer, a businessman, a foreign trade worker, and scientists, teachers fell lower and lower on the scale of attractiveness. In the 2010s, a civil servant joined the leaders.

The opinions expressed in each subsequent year belong to a different cohort of young people. Analysis of the dynamics over a long period of time also allows one to draw conclusions about the characteristics belonging to different generations. At the same time, it is found that in order to interpret the data, it is necessary to consider the attitude towards classes in connection with the accumulated experience of the family as well. Family experiences are translated into educational and vocational orientations of children. This is confirmed by data on motivation and the actual choice of education and profession. The conclusion that the formation of youth orientations is associated not only with the perception of the current situation, but also with the social experience of previous generations, is based on the materials of over 50 years of data.

Попытки выявления универсальных, вневременных законов развития человеческих обществ возобновляются с завидным постоянством. Однако построение прогностических моделей будущего наталкивается на множество ограничительных условий, исключений, ссылок на локальность применения. В статье предложен обзор идей, связанных с социальными изменениями. Центральное место заняла работа Р. Будона «Место беспорядка. Критика теорий социального изменения», к сожалению, не нашедшая достаточного отклика среди отечественных исследователей.

The article considers social work as a specific socio-cultural mechanism that promotes positive social changes and harmonious social development. Some approaches to defining the essence of the concept and the role of social work in modern reality are presented. The main levels of social work implementation — individual, group and community one — are considered. It is emphasized that in the conditions of modern reality, there is a need to realize the potential of social work.

The article deals with the issues of urban settlements and urban lifestyle from the point of view of structural changes under the influence of transformational processes in the development of productive forces, tools and means of production. The author notes the historical nature of this process associated with the geographical environment, resources and migration flows under the influence of the development of capitalist relations. Some peculiarities of lifestyle in Baku as a city with an ancient history, with a number of characteristic features of a distinctive way of life, combining the traditions of several generations and different civilizations, are analyzed.

Semantic maintenance of the concept "globalization" is examined, its wide and
narrow interpretations. It becomes firmly established that global integration is the
quantitative state of globalization, indicative on the scale of what be going on in society changes, and universalization is the description of the high-quality state of globalization. Processes of modernisation, internationalization, transnatonalization and
liberalization are methods, relations, structures and principles which accompany the
process of rapprochement of societies in global unit. Modern globalization on the
stage of technogenesis presents not simply socio-economic and socio-biospheric
process, and more vast is a technogenic socio-biospheric process of co-operation of
technogenic society, its technosphere and transformed biosphere.

В статье анализируется влияние Октябрьской революции 1917 г. на направление и содержание социальной политики. Отмечается, что Октябрьская революция и последовавшие в России социальные перемены резко ускорили реформирование социальной политики в странах с развитой демократией. Делается вывод о том, что эволюционный (реформаторский) путь изменения социальной политики оказался гораздо более полным и устойчивым, чем революционный. ; The article analyzes the influence of the October revolution of 1917 to the direction and content of social policy. It is noted that the October revolution and the subsequent social changes have dramatically accelerated the reform of social policy in the countries with developed democracy. It is concluded that evolutionary (reformist) way to change social policy was much more complete and stable than revolutionary.

The article, from the standpoint of sociological analysis, examines fundamental changes in the structure of society, the distribution of resources that go beyond the framework of constant processes. Global social transformations reflect deeper forms of change at the level of value systems and power structures. The author of the article considers the most noticeable forms of changes at the level of social roles, institutions, status hierarchies, reflecting deep changes. The article deals with the term "transformation" from the standpoint of a deep, fundamental process of structural changes, fundamentally different from the previous one. New changes in the global social reality are taking place under the influence of the coronavirus pandemic, challenges and threats that have penetrated into all spheres of human life. An analysis is made of the "stopping" of the diverse global world, which had been changing so rapidly and it was impossible to imagine that all countries, regardless of the level of development, disagreements, struggle, would be absorbed by only one thing – obscurity, alienation, closeness. Questions are raised, world politics has changed due to the processes that fill its content, but how has it changed at the conceptual level, have modern transformations had a profound impact on the structure and geographical distribution of the population? If the growth of the role of nation-states is claimed, then how has the role of supranational institutions been transformed? What place does urbanization occupy in the processes of demographic changes associated with modern transformations? Is it fair to say that the urbanization of rural space is challenging conventional wisdom about what "rural" really means and what is still "rural" in many non-urban areas in wealthy societies? ; В статье с позиции социологического анализа рассматриваются фундаментальные изменения в устройстве общества, распределении ресурсов, выходящие за рамки постоянных процессов. Глобальные социальные трансформации отражают более глубокие ...

The given paper touches upon the problem of German migration policy in contemporary period. The on-going processes allow us to conclude that the German migration paradigm has been changing as well as one of the most successful states in the European Union and as a state endowed with the greatest peace load after the crisis of 2008. The study gives the main qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the German migration policy in the 2000s. First of all, it is characterized by changes in the geography of migration flows. In 2004, with ten new countries entering the EU, the inflow of migrants from Eastern Europe countries began to increase. During this period, the number of immigrants from Poland has almost doubled. After Bulgaria and Romania joined the EU, the number of people from these countries also increased by more than three times. At the period of 2008 crisis, the inflow of migrants from Italy, Spain, Greece and the Balkan countries intensified; the number of migrants from Croatirapidly increasedafter this country joined the EU in 2013. The author analyzes the qualitative composition of migrants and concludes that, from the beginning of the 21st century, the working migration, having dominated for many decades, is gradually changing in favor of skilled workers' migration. The important role of universities in order to attract highly qualified specialists is substantiated. The migration impact on the labor market is studied with a special attention. It is due to the fact that, when arriving in the country and getting the opportunity to apply skills and realize their human capital, a migrant becomes a kind of investor in the hosting country economy, contributing to its growth. One of its main advantages is that, already having a certain set of knowledge and skills (the hosting country does not need to pay for his education), he can generate new knowledge, create innovations, thereby increasing the competitiveness of the recipient country economy. Germany has a policy of attracting highly qualified ...

The article presents the fundamental trends typical for the current stage of socio-economic development. The role of the integration of innovative technologies and digitalization of the economy is emphasized, and some tasks and problems associated with these processes are outlined. It is noted that in the conditions of the new technological order, social and labor relations and the position of the Russian labor market are changing. The changes under consideration determine the transformation of the nature of work and the requirements for modern specialists. The article highlights some of the contradictions that exist today between the educational services market and the labor market. The correlation of changes in the modern labor market and the prospects for the development of the social sphere in the new conditions is shown. The role of social policy in these processes is emphasized, and some issues characteristic of the current stage of the development of Russian social policy are noted.

Статья посвящена социальной динамике в Красноярском крае в 2013, 2016 гг. Инициативы федеральной и региональной власти по улучшению качества жизни граждан страны, отраженные в нормативно-правовых актах, предполагают ряд определенных социальных изменений. Инициированные и предписанные аспекты социальной динамики в социальной реальности дополняются самоорганизационными (стихийными) аспектами. Авторы предлагают исследование социальной динамики с помощью динамической символической модели. Указанная модель рассматривается, как отображение социума в информационном пространстве. Ее основные принципы: соответствие репрезентации способу организации социального мира; соответствие между аппаратом, используемым в процессе моделирования, и концептуальным аппаратом моделируемой теории; соответствие между теорией и социальным миром. Авторы анализируют материалы средств массовой информации об исполнении указов Президента РФ от 7 мая 2012 г. № 596, 597, 598, 599, 600 в 2013 и в 2016 гг., и проводят описание и классификацию социальных изменений в регионе в указанные периоды, используя три уровня классификации. Во-первых, три иерархических уровня, согласно методологической модели, используемой в постнеклассической социологии. Во-вторых, типы изменений в семи сферах общества: духовной. В-третьих, классификация социальных изменений по роли в них власти, то есть на те, которые предполагались в рамках реализации указов Президента РФ от 7 мая 2012 г. № 596-606, и те, которые возникли стихийно. Сформулированы выводы о взаимосвязи стихийных и инициированных государственными программами социальных изменений. ; This article considers the social dynamics in the Krasnoyarsk Krai in 2013 and 2016. The legislative initiatives of federal and regional government to improve citizens' quality of life entail a number of specific social changes. This initiated and enacted impact on social dynamics is complemented by self-organisation (spontaneous) aspects. The authors propose a study of social dynamics using a dynamic symbolic model. This model is a reflection of social reality in the information space that meets the following requirements: conformity of the representation to the method of social world organisation; conformity of the language used in the modelling process and the language of the modelled theory; conformity of the theory and the social world. The authors analyse mass media materials on the implementation of the Presidential Decrees of May 7, 2012 no 596, 597, 598, 599 and 600 in 2013 and 2016. The authors also describe and classify the social changes in the region during the periods indicated, using a three-level classification. Firstly, they describe three macro-hierarchical levels according to the methodological model. Secondly, the authors analyse the types of social changes at seven levels of society. Thirdly, they classify the social changes according to the role of the authorities: those that were provided for by the Presidential Decrees of 7 May 2012 no 596-606, and those that arose spontaneously. The authors formulate conclusions about the relationship of spontaneous programmes of social change and those initiated by the state.

Modern companies operate in a very ambiguous, complex environment. In addition to survival, which is important, and often becomes the main task of companies, they must adhere to other goals that form their mission and strategic guidelines. These guidelines are associated with the concept of sustainable development, which considers several main areas: social, economic and environmental. This article analyzes the key components of a sustainable development strategy in the countries of the European Union and the Republic of Moldova, and also the role of change management in this context. ; Irina Dorogaia, PhD, Associate Professor Academy of Economic Studies of Moldova

This article analyses the socio-economic and political reasons for the ineffectiveness of post-soviet regimes of Kyrgyzstan. Based on the analysis of current events, the author notes the role of third forces in the systematic instability in society. It also presents a lot of unresolved problems, in particular, ethno-nationalism, division of society into Southern and Northern clans (on a regional basis), growing problems of security of the country's citizens. At the same time, the summarising aspect indicates the driving forces of socio-political conflicts in Kyrgyzstan in 2005–2010, which led to the change of political regimes.