Suchergebnisse

Analysis of attitude towards various professions (attractiveness or prestige) is a integral part of studying the choice of profession. The dynamics of the attitude of young people to the studies indicates that it is clearly connected with the current situation and changes when new phenomena arise in it. Thus, in the data of the 1960s echoes of recent events are noticeable - the launch of the first Soviet "Sputniks", the Yuri Gagarin's flight. The connection with the demand for professions, one way or another related to science and technology, is obvious: the attractiveness of the occupations of scientists and engineers is great. During the years of economic difficulties and shortages, attention was drawn to the rise in the attractiveness of the professions of a seller, an accountant, which had previously been among the lowest rated. Then the time came when the leaders were professions of a bank employee, a lawyer, a businessman, a foreign trade worker, and scientists, teachers fell lower and lower on the scale of attractiveness. In the 2010s, a civil servant joined the leaders.

The opinions expressed in each subsequent year belong to a different cohort of young people. Analysis of the dynamics over a long period of time also allows one to draw conclusions about the characteristics belonging to different generations. At the same time, it is found that in order to interpret the data, it is necessary to consider the attitude towards classes in connection with the accumulated experience of the family as well. Family experiences are translated into educational and vocational orientations of children. This is confirmed by data on motivation and the actual choice of education and profession. The conclusion that the formation of youth orientations is associated not only with the perception of the current situation, but also with the social experience of previous generations, is based on the materials of over 50 years of data.

Попытки выявления универсальных, вневременных законов развития человеческих обществ возобновляются с завидным постоянством. Однако построение прогностических моделей будущего наталкивается на множество ограничительных условий, исключений, ссылок на локальность применения. В статье предложен обзор идей, связанных с социальными изменениями. Центральное место заняла работа Р. Будона «Место беспорядка. Критика теорий социального изменения», к сожалению, не нашедшая достаточного отклика среди отечественных исследователей.

The article considers social work as a specific socio-cultural mechanism that promotes positive social changes and harmonious social development. Some approaches to defining the essence of the concept and the role of social work in modern reality are presented. The main levels of social work implementation — individual, group and community one — are considered. It is emphasized that in the conditions of modern reality, there is a need to realize the potential of social work.

The aim of masters paper "Reflection of Social Role Change in Diplomatic Protocol" is to examine how change of gender roles works in diplomatic protocol. In order to achieve this aim the following tasks are raised: 1. to analyze gender roles change from the XIV to the XX century; 2. to analyze ceremonial in terms of gender roles; 3. to conduct case studies and a qualitative interview with the protocol specialist which would revealed the practice of diplomatic protocol adaption to the changed gender roles; 4. to present findings. To achieve master's paper aim the fallowing methods are used: descriptive, analytical, statistical data and research, qualitative content analysis methods, case studies and qualitative interview with the protocol specialist. Master work consists of three sections. The object of master work is diplomatic and state protocol. In international relations, diplomacy and politics – the spheres long dominated by men – women had to conform and adopt rules of behavior which regulated conduct of men. However, the increasing number of precedents, when women are acting the main role in ceremonies, will be set up clear, specific rules for conduct of women. The change will be reinforced by actively acting women becoming a social norm. When rules of conduct for women will be in power, there will be no need to resolve problems of changed gender roles every time individually. Master work "Reflection of Social Role Change in Diplomatic Protocol" may be useful for further diplomatic protocol change factors research.

The aim of masters paper "Reflection of Social Role Change in Diplomatic Protocol" is to examine how change of gender roles works in diplomatic protocol. In order to achieve this aim the following tasks are raised: 1. to analyze gender roles change from the XIV to the XX century; 2. to analyze ceremonial in terms of gender roles; 3. to conduct case studies and a qualitative interview with the protocol specialist which would revealed the practice of diplomatic protocol adaption to the changed gender roles; 4. to present findings. To achieve master's paper aim the fallowing methods are used: descriptive, analytical, statistical data and research, qualitative content analysis methods, case studies and qualitative interview with the protocol specialist. Master work consists of three sections. The object of master work is diplomatic and state protocol. In international relations, diplomacy and politics – the spheres long dominated by men – women had to conform and adopt rules of behavior which regulated conduct of men. However, the increasing number of precedents, when women are acting the main role in ceremonies, will be set up clear, specific rules for conduct of women. The change will be reinforced by actively acting women becoming a social norm. When rules of conduct for women will be in power, there will be no need to resolve problems of changed gender roles every time individually. Master work "Reflection of Social Role Change in Diplomatic Protocol" may be useful for further diplomatic protocol change factors research.

In different countries the profession of social work has "done its work" for more or less than a century. In Lithuania its history is revived and closely related to social transformation that has taken place after the restoration of Independence in 1990. The question of how fully, if at all, social work has achieved professional status has been debated throughout the last century. It is known that efforts to evaluate whether social work is a "semi-profession" or a "fullydeveloped" profession have been made by J. Baird. Already in 1972 social work was considered as a profession. In the opinion of J. Baird to evaluate the status of the profession depends on whether social work is being measured by classical criteria of once "free" professions, or by contemporary criteria that are relevant to helping professions which are substiantially committed to public and governmental service enterprise. The present picture of the professionalization of social work has changed. American social work's aspirations to professionalization is a natural process in a liberal market economy, because the profession is created and strengthened as a result of the personal interests of those earning a living by it. The status of social work as a profession is not unequivocally fixed. There are some aspects that are considered as negative to the professionalization of social work. Namely, the private practice of social work which is said has been growing dynamically since the middle of the 20th century. But with the dramatic rise of medical care, social workers are said to return to their original mission. The nature of professional practice in any particular state is grounded in the historical and cultural context as mediated through political, economical and social systems. This makes social work difficult to define at the global level, and attempts to identify a universal essence of social work are problematic. Despite this apparent difficulty, there are some general definitions of social work. Definitions provoke many questions. Is it possible to develop a universal definition of social work? If so, how well does this definition describe social work throughout the world? Does this definition apply to social work where I live? And the like. At the beginning of the 21st century, the European countries have faced many problems of a different nature. In order to understand the nature of these problems an attempt is made to categorize them. Much is asked of social workers, and they are ones that are expected to make a difference by empowering human beings to change self and society. The conclusion is that it is worthwhile to explore, review social work as a profession because, according to Midgley, there is a "need to develop a broad international approach to the study of social work to generate a global awareness that enhances the ability of social workers to transcend their preocupation with the local and contextualize their role within a global setting"

In different countries the profession of social work has "done its work" for more or less than a century. In Lithuania its history is revived and closely related to social transformation that has taken place after the restoration of Independence in 1990. The question of how fully, if at all, social work has achieved professional status has been debated throughout the last century. It is known that efforts to evaluate whether social work is a "semi-profession" or a "fullydeveloped" profession have been made by J. Baird. Already in 1972 social work was considered as a profession. In the opinion of J. Baird to evaluate the status of the profession depends on whether social work is being measured by classical criteria of once "free" professions, or by contemporary criteria that are relevant to helping professions which are substiantially committed to public and governmental service enterprise. The present picture of the professionalization of social work has changed. American social work's aspirations to professionalization is a natural process in a liberal market economy, because the profession is created and strengthened as a result of the personal interests of those earning a living by it. The status of social work as a profession is not unequivocally fixed. There are some aspects that are considered as negative to the professionalization of social work. Namely, the private practice of social work which is said has been growing dynamically since the middle of the 20th century. But with the dramatic rise of medical care, social workers are said to return to their original mission. The nature of professional practice in any particular state is grounded in the historical and cultural context as mediated through political, economical and social systems. This makes social work difficult to define at the global level, and attempts to identify a universal essence of social work are problematic. Despite this apparent difficulty, there are some general definitions of social work. Definitions provoke many questions. Is it possible to develop a universal definition of social work? If so, how well does this definition describe social work throughout the world? Does this definition apply to social work where I live? And the like. At the beginning of the 21st century, the European countries have faced many problems of a different nature. In order to understand the nature of these problems an attempt is made to categorize them. Much is asked of social workers, and they are ones that are expected to make a difference by empowering human beings to change self and society. The conclusion is that it is worthwhile to explore, review social work as a profession because, according to Midgley, there is a "need to develop a broad international approach to the study of social work to generate a global awareness that enhances the ability of social workers to transcend their preocupation with the local and contextualize their role within a global setting"

The article deals with the issues of urban settlements and urban lifestyle from the point of view of structural changes under the influence of transformational processes in the development of productive forces, tools and means of production. The author notes the historical nature of this process associated with the geographical environment, resources and migration flows under the influence of the development of capitalist relations. Some peculiarities of lifestyle in Baku as a city with an ancient history, with a number of characteristic features of a distinctive way of life, combining the traditions of several generations and different civilizations, are analyzed.