Suchergebnisse

The court's jurisdiction with regard to employment disputes is a new and unexplored aspect of the application of current labour legislation. The transformation of social and economic relations, an extensive system of specialized courts and the change of established approaches to the subject matter of labour law fundamentally modify the perceptions of labour law's place and role in the legal system of Ukraine. It leads to a reconsideration of traditional approaches to the jurisdiction in general and to the jurisdiction over labour disputes in particular. The main research method is an analytical method that has been used to analyse and categorize legal conclusions of the Great Chamber of the Supreme Court and to identify the relationship between them and the theory of labour law. The principal outcome of the research is that established approaches to the subject matter of labour law are now dated and bound to decline. The current case law of the Supreme Court continues to be in the forefront of changes concerning the application of the law and it also has a significant impact on the basis of labour law. The labour disputes nowadays can be resolved within the civil jurisdiction (based on a labour agreement), the administrative jurisdiction (labour relations in the public service) and the commercial jurisdiction (the appointment and dismissal of directors in companies). Before, the Great Chamber identified a number of labour disputes that should be settled within the alternative dispute resolution procedure.

The article is dedicated to empirical investigation of Theory of Mind of persons dependent on psychoactive substances. Searching new approaches to medical treatment, psychological and social rehabilitation retains an actual subject of scientific interest. Inclusion of the Theory of Mind to rehabilitation and corrective programs can be a perspective direction. The purpose of this article is to analyze the Theory of Mind peculiarities in persons who are addicted to psychoactive substances, as well as to determine the interconnection between the Theory of Mind, alexithymia, and personality dispositions. The following methods have been used: Theory of Mind assessment scale (Th.o.m.a.s), Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-26), Big Five Personality Test (5PFQ). Statistical tools: descriptive statistics and non-parametric (Spearman's correlation coefficient, Mann-Whitney U test). Study sample – 32 persons, who are addicted to psychoactive substances (median 41 y.o., SD 11,83). As a result of this empirical study, we have found several peculiarities of the Theory of Mind in persons dependent on psychoactive substances. We have compared this result to previous findings obtained by authors of the Th.o.m.a.s test. There were determined the number of connections between the Theory of Mind and other psychological features. Theory of Mind in persons dependent on psychoactive substances is characterized by a reduced understanding of their own emotions and feelings. This appears as poor differentiation of emotional experiences and physiological manifestations of the body. Another peculiarity of Theory of Mind dependent on psychoactive substances is a poor allocative perspective. It means that dependent on psychoactive substances cannot or do not want to «walk in someone else's shoes», this is why they project their own beliefs.

The article is dedicated to less studied aspect of external migration namely to the formation and functioning of migrant communities in host countries. The expediency of using the theory of social capital and the theory of migration networks as a theoretical and methodological basis for the study of migrant communities is substantiated. The developments of R. Park, J. Coleman, A. Portes are analyzed and the basic operational parameters of the social capital of migrant communities are constructed. The parameters of the functioning and transformation of social capital are analyzed in a two-dimensional space of autonomy and efficiency. The classification of migrant communities by type of social capital is proposed. The following types of communities are identified: 1) a low-efficient, highly autonomous community; 2) highly efficient highly autonomous; 3) a highly efficient and low-autonomous community. The article discusses the results of an expert survey of representatives of communities of Ukrainian migrants in the EU countries on the transformation of the social capital of these communities. The social capital of migrant communities of Ukrainians is "culturally bonding", aimed at preserving the common cultural identity of Ukrainians abroad in the context of a different cultural environment. Migrant communities of Ukrainian migrants remain relatively homogeneous in terms of culture, identity and practices. It is revealed that in the context of contemporary transformations of external migration, changes and social capital of migrant communities is changing too. The circular nature of migration at the present stage adversely affects the social capital of migrant communities, their permanent membership is diminished, social ties are weakened, the autonomy of communities is reduced and the integration of migrants into host societies is increased. Number of such communities today are to some extent deinstitutionalized.

The article deals with the social function in the system of functions of the state, namely the definition of this concept. In state functioning there is purposeful influence on various spheres of life, social processes and connections. In performing certain functions, the state affects social processes, their dynamics and directions through reforms, transformations, legal regulation of social relations. The implementation of social functions stabilizes the development of the society. The article provides an in-depth analysis of the definitions of the state social functions and provides its relevant concept. It can be argued that the definition of social functions of the state depends on a number of factors, namely legal, political, ideological, informational, etc. It is established that in the theory of the state and law much attention is paid to the study of the social functions of the state. It is determined that the social function of the state, as a dynamic one and inherent in a particular stage of development of the state determines the main activities of the state, expressing its essence and social purpose, aimed at implementing the goals and objectives. The Constitution of Ukraine, along with other tasks, sets the goal of forming a welfare state. The changes that have taken place as a result of the implementation of the Association Agreement between Ukraine, on the one hand, and the European Union, the European Atomic Energy Community and their Member States, on the other hand, have radically changed the socio-political and socio-economic situation in the society, as well as the ideas on the purpose, priorities and methods of realization of the social function of the state. The social function of the state is one of the main activities carried out in the social sphere of public relations to provide citizens with a decent standard of living, resolve social contradictions and realize the agreed interests of citizens, based on socially recognized and legally established social standards. The purpose of this article is to study the social function of the state. Despite the significant number of scientific papers devoted to the study of issues, the harmonisation of national legislation to the requirements of the European Union initiates research on the social function of the state in the context of dynamic socio-economic changes. Keywords: a state, a function, a social function, the objectives of the state, classification, stability, a social purpose of the state.

The article deals with the theoretical and practical aspects of the problem of conflictization of the cultural and historical space of Ukrainianness under conditions of modern threats. The essence of conflicts is revealed in the article, the interpretation on the conflict as an attribute of social life is done, its influence on the processes of social transformations is traced. The causes and conditions of the emergence, escalation and resolution of conflicts on various levels are analyzed, the possibility and necessity of managing them is substantiated. The article is devoted to theoretical and methodological analysis of contemporary studies in conflictology. It is proved that it is reasonable to apply an integrative approach to classification of social conflicts. An integrative approach to the analysis of conflicts is the methodological basis of research, which involves its consideration not only as a source of destruction and death, but also as the initial place of development of society. The autor comes to conclusion that the term of conflictization processes has considerable scientific potential for study of social conflicts. The analysis of the essence of conflictization's processes, their specific character and sources of emergence is done on the base of conflictological theories. The article analyzes special features of contemporary conflicts in the context of global processes. The specificity of conflictization in interstate relations in the era of globalization raise this phenomenon to transnational and even planetary scale. Under conditions of militarization of conflict interaction, the level of conflict potential also increases. The escalation of tension and the use of violence through militarization of conflict interactions leads to armed confrontation. Contemporary armed conflicts pose a significant threat to humanity as they may expand in the context of globalization. The formulating of a row of measures (of humanitarian, socio-economic and politico-military nature) is aimed to prevent challenges, dangers and threats to the national interests of Ukraine. It is also necessary to maintain a balance of forces, values, resources, political, legal and socio-economic problems in the society and the state. The importance of a comprehensive strategy of counter the destructive actions of foreign mercenaries in Ukraine has been substantiated. The focus is on the use of political and diplomatic means through the active participation of the international community and the strengthening of economic sanctions against the Russian Federation. «Smart power» is interpreted as the ability to combine the resources of «hard» and «soft» power in order to strengthen the position of Ukraine on the international scene. The importance of the strategy of «smart power» as a basis for overcoming the armed conflict on the territory of Ukraine and the reintegration of the occupied territories was substantiated. We have made an attempt to interpret conflictization processes in the framework of an integrative approach. The proneness to conflict is now playing a distinctive role in the social and political life of the Ukraine. The discursive-consensus and assertive strategies for successful solution of a social conflict is considered to be an optimal one.

This paper presents an analysis of the main theories and results of experimental research in the context of the shifting social preferences towards moral prejudices in a process of resource allocation decision making. Researchers of game theory have found that three motives are included in the decision-making process about resource allocation: social preferences, moral prejudices, and self-interest. Personal interests and moral prejudices are strong predictors in the model of predicting people's social orientations. Moral prejudices, being the distortions created by self-interest, can strongly influence people's social preferences, and even change them to the opposite. As a result, an asymmetric relationship is established between personal interest and moral prejudices in the decision-making process about resource allocation. When moral prejudices become an obstacle to achieving a goal, a person unconsciously distorts the information so that it justifies its actions. These distortions can be manifested in the avoidance of information that interferes with personal interests, the selective selection of information, and even recourse to opposing moral principles. In the long run, all this is expressed in the change of a person's social orientation from altruistic to selfish. These changes in people's social preferences are confirmed by the results of numerous experiments not only in social psychology, but also in social neuropsychology and neuroeconomics. The way to overcome these distortions is to have a clear understanding of the limits of personal interests and an understanding of one's own motives in decisions about resource allocation.

The article reveals the heuristic potential of the sociological concept of social activity developed by the founder of the Kharkov Sociological School E. A. Yakuba in the 1960- 1980s. Based on historical and sociological material and conceptual analysis, the author demonstrates the potential of this concept from the sociology of knowledge perspective. He analyzes a number of related categories and problems that are introduced by E. A. Yakuba to discuss the problems of social activity. It is emphasized that the elected by E. A. Yakuba position allows to study and measure social activity in detail (that is, answer the question "how?"), However, it is the sociology of knowledge that gives a chance to study the sociogenesis and ontogenesis of social activity (that is, answer the question "why?"). The definition, systemic connections and methods of operationalization and indication of social activity proposed by E. A. Yakuba are given and analyzed. A separate emphasis is placed on the analysis of how the category of "social activity" is associated with the category of "subjectivity". The most important plot is the connection of the social essence of activity, that is, its inclusion in the sociality of the individual as a connection with the social whole. The evolution of the views of E. A. Yakuba on these categories, as well as their relationship with social maturity, activity, personality, is investigated. The possibilities of the sociology of knowledge in synthesizing various aspects of E. A. Yakuba approach are explored. Particular emphasis is placed on the consistency of E. A. Yakuba's theory, and also the limitations and specifics of the (often implicit) influence of Marxism on its development have been studied. The conclusion about the possibilities and limitations of updating the concept of "social activity" in a sociological-knowledge reassembling of E. A. Yakuba's theory is formulated.

Social work both in Ukraine and globally is currently developing its own research approaches and knowledge. The article - based on the analysis of foreign scientific literature and the experience of implementing the intervention "Workshop of Opportunities", which was accompanied by an implementation of multi-method research - describes the modern paradigms and strategies of research in social work.It is determined that in the scientific literature we often talk about positivist, interpretive and critical paradigms of research in social work, which differ not only in methodology but also in involving various participants in the research process to build knowledge, which is fundamentally important for the activity and development of social work. It is noted that non-positivist paradigms of research are becoming more widespread, within which subject-subject relations are formed and people who are traditionally excluded from this process are involved in the construction of knowledge.Various research strategies (research in action, narrative analysis, ethnographic research, etc.) and a multimodal approach that may represent the integration of practice and theory of social work are considered. Examples of the use of such strategies in foreign research in social work are given.Self-reflection of participation in the development, implementation and evaluation of the results of the experimental intervention "Studio of Opportunities", which aimed to improve the quality of life related to health in HIV-positive women with children under 6 years by integrating medically and economically oriented programs. The methodology of external and internal evaluation is described, which confirmed that such new interventions can be introduced in social work, for which there are no standardized, validated measurement tools. The conformity of the used research strategies to the ethical principles of social work is discussed, the advantages and limitations of the application of different paradigms (positivist and critical) research are determined.

Purpose - to formalize of innovative investment mechanisms for regulating the economic security of the state and to justify the prospects for their development on the basis of modern economic approaches. Design/Method/Approach. The research used a systematic approach, general scientific methods of analysis and synthesis; the information basis of the research is the regulatory framework and reporting data of the State Statistical Service of Ukraine. Findings. The content of innovation-investment mechanisms for regulating the economic security of the state is formulated as a set of forms, methods, instruments to stimulate the creation, introduction and promotion of product, technological, organizational, managerial and other innovations to the market in accordance with the strategic priorities of national security. Theoretical implications. The research is the definition of priority innovative and investment mechanisms for regulating economic security: organizational, legal, financial, industrial and technological, personnel, expert-consulting. Practical implications. The practical significance of the results of the research is the development of recommendations to the state administration bodies regarding the implementation of a set of economic and administrative measures aimed to protect the national interests of Ukraine in the sphere of recreating and preserving the domestic scientific, technological and technological potential. Social implications. The social significance of the research results is manifested in strengthening the economic component of ensuring the citizens' constitutional guarantees for security, protecting their lives, health, honor, dignity and immunity by increasing the state's innovative investment potential. Originality/Value. The originality of the article is to determine the tangent points of the theories of dependence on the trajectory of previous development and transaction costs that will facilitate Ukraine's exit from the institutional trap. Research limitations. The limitation of the research is the imperfection of the method, the sampling of data, the inability to access certain innovative investment mechanisms in the analysis of the economic security of Ukraine due to the state secrets. Future research. Prospects for further research are the development of the theory of transaction costs and its adaptation to the definition of foreign economic aspects of the state regulation of the national security. Paper type - conceptual.

The article is devoted to the social philosophical comprehension of problem of sharpening conflicts in modern Ukrainian social live, exposure of world view and methodological principles of research of these processes, their origin, decision and decline of level of conflict opposition in society on the basis forming of civil culture and tolerance. Historical and philosophical digression in the process of research and explications of maintenance of conflict shows, that by terms «discord», agonic, «line», and sometimes «war» characterize a fight for principles of opposite social positions. Scientific discourse of conflict evolved from understanding of this phenomenon of fight on almost space scale to the theory of conflict as positively functional the social-group phenomenon. The classic theories of elites, which grew on soil of sociology of society, marked opposition of the states of stability and conflict, while the synthetic meta theory of conflict, which we consider methodological basis of our analysis, goes out from a reconstruction the conflicts of necessary dynamics of the transitional states: war – truce – conflict. Such approach allows adequately estimating prolongations of high level of conflict the different spheres of Ukrainian sociality. It especially touches the conflict of different socio-political and civil cultures of East to the West of country, conflicts of the not «guided emotions» and conflicts of social institutes: the states with the structures of active civil society. Finding of general interest in relation to a maintenance and steady development of the Ukrainian state, increase of level of civil culture of peaceful cohabitation of different ethnic and national associations and their cultures, tolerant attitude toward the moments of distinction and non-coincidence of the valued orientations is the most reliable way of keeping the internal peace in the conditions of stuck us «hybrid» war.

Consumer behavior might be considered as a kind of economic or social behavior, but, in any case, it bases on the psychological traits of the person and depend on his motivation. The last is a trigger in the decision-making process of particular product`s purchasing. That is why one of the main approaches in describing consumer behavior is psychoanalytic theory. In contrast to the rational theory of knowledge, psychoanalysis leaves room for the irrational decisions and momentary impulses that "It" provokes. Just remind sacral consumption — the belief that not only goods are acquired, but also a certain lifestyle, hopes for improving one's own life and etc. In general, consumption is influenced by a number of factors, among which F. Kotler mentions: cultural factors, social, personal and psychological factors. The article describes the factors of internal and external influence on the behavior of consumers, the possibilities of their influence to direct the psychological factors of behavior in marketing activities and the main psychological aspects of consumer behavior and factors that determine the choice of a particular type of consumer behavior. The main groups of factors that influence the formation and implementation of consumer behavior are analyzed, special attention is paid to socio-psychological factors: social class (eight groups: the top of society, conservatives; dominant traditionalists; traditionally working class; dominant "new"; trendsetters; avant-garde; social "dependers"; poors), reference group, communication, social norms and values, personal lifestyle. There are examples of successful and unsuccessful marketing decisions of companies that, accordingly, account or ignored the needs of their consumers in the article. By the way, for Ukrainians, the main criteria for choosing a product are: price, brand and packaging, since the psyche of the consumer is not always aimed specifically at the product and, if products are more or less uniformity, the consumer will choose one, focusing not only on the specific differences of the goods, but also on their appearance.

The article is devoted to the theoretical study of theory as an order of production of this theory at the categorical level. Based on historical and sociological material and conceptual analysis, the author explores the logic of the development of sociology as a science using the metacategory of order as an example. The author analyzes a number of views prevailing in sociology on issues of abstraction and specificity, empiricism and theory, generalizations and refinements, universalist conceptualism and particular applicability. It is emphasized that the abstraction, selection and construction of metacategories is the main way not only in the "normal sciences" (according to T. Kuhn), but also in the sciences that can oppose themselves to them, including in various sociology projects. As an example of metalanguages the development of N. Luhmann's theory and actor-network theory are studied. The ways of introducing metacategories into sociology, their abstraction and approval are investigated. Three key sources of metacategories for sociology are identified (selfmovement of sociology, borrowing from philosophy, extraction from other sciences). An important distinction between metacategories, categories and official words in sociological theorizing is introduced. Separate emphasis is placed on the analysis of how metacategories are practiced in sociological discourse. The author's hypotheses and preliminary conclusions are verified on the basis of material metacategories of the social order in the interpretation of a number of leading theoretical sociologists. For verification, P.A. Sorokin, T. Parsons, P. Bourdieu and E. Goffmann theories were used. The conclusion about the epistemological significance of metacategories for sociology and about their role in the scientific order of the organization of knowledge is drawn. In particular, the author proves that the study of the metacategory of order allows to reveal the metaorder of categories in theoretical sociology. Order as one of the most abstract, least "colored" and methodologically biased metacategories in this sense has a high potential for explicating the logic of the development of sociology.

The revolutionary transition of power to democratic forces after the "dignity revolution" in 2014 in Ukraine did not indicate the absence of contradictions within the new ruling class, because patriotic and devotion to democratic transformation are not the only condition for the consolidation of the ruling class. The democratic theory of the elite, which corresponds to the essence of the designated form of government, recognizes the existence of a select minority (elite) in each of the social spheres, which owns intellectual and voluntary law, not leadership. The relations between the elites are not stable, but on the contrary may become exacerbated in the fractured periods of history In the countries of "young democracy", the relationship between the political and military elite is controversial lace of relations, because the military elite represents a closed "group of interests" in politics, so it can move from supporting the ruling class to a strong opponent of relations. Even the neutral position of the military elite includes a variant of interference in political processes of power scale. Revolutionary changes on Ukraine's path to European integration may have been deeply embedded in the formation of a new military elite that has tempered itself in the armed struggle with the Russian-separatist forces, was engaged in joint exercises, and most importantly, in business cooperation with representatives of the military elites of the West, which have a long tradition Serious interaction with the ruling class. Taking into account that social and political processes in Ukraine can be compared with developing countries, the whole set of contradictory relations between the political and military elite in our country should be directed to the general line of constitutional-legal civil-military relations.

The article analyzes the basic theory of subjective well-being. It is indicated that the desire for well-being is one of the main driving forces of human society, its subjective feeling is an important condition for a full-fledged life of a person, therefore, attention is drawn to the need for psychological research related to the analysis of methodological and systemic approaches aimed at studying subjective well-being. The main differences between the theories, as well as the relationship between the concepts of "well-being", "subjective well-being" and "psychological well-being" are shown, a theoretical analysis of existing modern approaches to the problem of studying subjective well-being and its components is carried out. Subjective well- being is considered as an integral psychological formation, including the assessment and attitude of a person to his life and himself.

The main approaches to elucidating the components of subjective well-being are characterized – hedonistic and eudemonistic. Based on the analysis of modern and research, a study of its sources and determinants is carried out, the component composition, terminology base is clarified, the influence of various factors, such as: social relations, genetic predisposition, material well-being, joy of needs, existence of goals and meaning of life, physical activity are investigated , individual characteristics, accepting oneself as a person, etc. Through a synthesis of various approaches to understanding subjective well-being, several key statements have been identified in the framework of the study: the positivity of measuring well-being as the presence of positive intensity indicators and experiences of different intensities; global dimension – the interconnection of all aspects of human life (social, biological, psychological, physical) time lag, dynamism; subjectivity as the dependence of the experience of well-being on assessment, attitude and personal experience. Attention is drawn to the fact that the term "subjective well-being" is interdisciplinary and has its meaning in psychology, sociology, economics and the political sciences. The prospect of further research is seen in continuing to study the structural features of models and components of well-being.

The article is devoted to the problem of consolidation of Ukrainianness in the modern world. In the introduction the urgency of research processes of consolidation of Ukrainian society and Ukrainianness in general. The сhanges in the socio-cultural and cognitive situations require from Ukrainian study as integrative science the development of new methods, concepts and methodologies to adequately investigating Ukraine and ukrainianness in a complex changing world. On the basis of the integrative approach, the trends of modern consolidation processes are analyzed. The article discusses the problems of the development of postcolonial theory, the emergence of which is due to the most important historical realities of the twentieth century – the collapse of the colonial system and the formation of postcolonial space. The article considers the analyses of categorical status of the notion «postcolonialism», specifies its essence and main features. The author analyze the established within the Ukrainian studies approaches to the issue of optimization of consolidation processes. The article considers the specifics of the social consolidation, which is the basis of stability of the political system, its abilities to maintenance of the sovereignty and territorial integrity of the state. An integrative understanding of consolidation processes is offered. Were revealed levels and types of social consolidation, character of consolidation processes, the main measurements of the consolidation of Ukrainianness in the post-colonial era. The article analyzes the essence of modern neo-colonial policies pursued by individual countries. In this context, theories of dependent development are considered. The specifics of the dependent development of postcolonial states are analyzed. The author analyzes a specific understanding of postcolonial reality in contemporary Ukraine. The article substantiates the importance and relevance of the study of the processes of decolonization of the Ukrainian society of the postcolonial era (1991 – 2018) as a factor in the further civilization of Ukrainianness development in the conditions of the Russian hybrid war against Ukraine. The attention is focused on the importance of adequate answers that Ukrainian society gives to the historical challenges of the modern era. Under the current challenges, the process of consolidation of Ukrainian society depends on the ability of politicians and citizens to find ways to solve the existing contradictions between them in various spheres of life.