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This article proposes that social role theory (SRT) and social role valorization (SRV) be established as organizing theories for care managers. SRT is a recognized sociological theory that has a distinctive place in care management practice. SRV is an adjunct for SRT that focuses on people who are devalued by being in a negative social position and supports behavior change and movement to a valued social position.

This article presents a clinical paradigm for the delivery of rehabilitation services, meaning that whatever mental health problems clients experience are not a major factor in how they live their life. It consists of assessment, treatment, and social support of clients who have a serious psychiatric condition. It combines social role theory (SRT), social role valorization (SRV), and task-centered treatment (TCT). It emphasizes behavior change by a client with help from a social worker to move from nonnormative behaviors and a devalued social position associated with a psychiatric condition to the achievement of normative behaviors in a valued social position. Normative behavior is that behavior acceptable to observers. SRT and SRV are used for assessment of adaptation and social functioning. TCT is used for the achievement of treatment goals.

"This book focuses on the concept of the network in Cultural Enterprise. It explores the importance of organizational management, outlining a new perspective of considering CSR within the relationship between companies and the society as a whole in cultural area. It also highlights what CSR models can be developed into a cultural enterprise"--

In the field of electrocoagulation (EC), various studies on pollutant removal and on the use of different EC technologies have already been made. An EC process generates sludge, which is considered waste, resulting in increased operational costs that come from waste disposal. Sludge contains valuable materials, such as the nutrients or metals removed during water purification, along with metals, such as aluminum or iron, which come from the electrodes used in an EC system. Based on the principles of circular economy or based on existing legislations, reducing the production of valuable wastes, and increasing the valorization rate of as many materials as possible are important endeavors. This study is mainly a review of the existing sludge valorization studies. This review highlights the valorization of sludge as a fertilizer (mainly as struvite), pigment, construction material (mainly as blocks), adsorbent, and catalyst. While it has already been found that EC sludge is valorizable, more studies on EC sludge valorization and on the quality of sludge produced from the effluent of EC processes are warranted.

Biological diversity has been continuously threatened by anthropogenic influences and is considered to be one of the most important subjects of protection. Despite long-standing political efforts, it has not yet been possible to stop the loss of biodiversity. Therefore, in addition to traditional conservation measures, politics has begun to increasingly focus on innovative economic approaches (valuation and capturing). Due to the complexity of biodiversity, its economic valuation faces considerable uncertainties. There still is a substantial need for further interdisciplinary research on the matter. In view of various undesired side effects, economic instruments require a strong regulatory framework as well as a careful balance of interests, particularly in developing countries characterized by legal ...

This article describes the transformation of time into money in information technology consulting work. Using data collected through participant observation, this article illustrates the valorization of time, whereby time is transformed into units of value, known as billables. Focusing on the process of valorization provides new theoretical insight into the social construction of time as money. Routine billing practices help sustain the taken-for-granted equivalence of time and money, but these practices are strongly influenced by a variety of normative and situational factors. Billables are used by consulting firms to measure performance and control work, but the evidence presented here suggests that time-based measures of work and value can be somewhat arbitrary.