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AbstractThe cosmopolitan sociology of Ulrich Beck has been widely recognized as making vital contributions to crosscutting conversations on globalization and transnational studies, including these debates that are being played out on the pages of Global Networks. Beck's impassioned critique of 'methodological nationalism' in his own discipline of sociology, in particular, has often served as a springboard for programmatic calls to attend more closely to transnational actors, issues, and processes. However, beyond the occasional acknowledgement, comparatively less attention has been paid so far to the potentialities, specificities, and practicalities of Beck's affirmative alternative vision for the socio‐cultural sciences, that of 'methodological cosmopolitanism'. Building on and extending out from research experiences obtained in Beck's East Asia and Europe‐focused Cosmopolitan Climate Change (Cosmo‐Climate) project, this special theme brings together experts from across a range of socio‐cultural research fields to discuss and critically interrogate the challenges and capacities of doing methodological cosmopolitanism.

The purpose of the article is to consider and reveal the peculiarities of socio-cultural "turn" in public relations science on the example of functionalism critics, postmodern influences, and cultural appropriation in the XXI century. The research methodology is based on a paradigmatic approach in science that helps to reveal the context and dynamics of the transition from the functional paradigm, whose representatives reduce public relations to a "management function" and level the potential of the "cultural function" of the industry, till sociocultural in the measures of which public relations are an influential social and cultural practice in the modern world. Besides, in the article the Cultural Studies methodological tool kit was applied that helped to reveal the problem of cultural approbation in the way of post-colonialism and the role of PR campaigns in the (re)production of a postmodern understanding of consumption. Scientific novelty. For the first time, the article reveals the peculiarities of the cultural or socio-cultural "turn" in the science of public relations in the context of criticising the functional approach. Conclusions. It was found that the sociocultural "turn" and the related criticism of the epistemological and ideological foundations of the functional approach, which reduces PR to the organisational function of companies in order to increase their efficiency and attractiveness on the market, drew the attention of researchers in the field to the methodological potential anthropology, sociology, post-colonialism, cultural studies, feminism, political economy, among others, as well as scholars from other disciplinary fields to the problem of testing their own tools in PR theory and practice. It was proved that the socio-cultural "turn" is a movement of thought from understanding public relations as a functional process in an organisational context to its perception as a cultural practice and "intermediary" in cultural appropriation, in the creation of meanings and constitution of a hyper-real environment.

Objective. This article is aimed at investigating the elements that define, typify and characterize reading as a socio-cultural practice.Design/Methodology/Approach. A bibliographic review was carried out to verify those elements that make possible to relate the socio-cultural practices with the reading.Results/Discussion. The main etymological, procedural and multidimensional attributes that define reading as a socio-cultural practice were exposed, emphasizing the historical, cultural and political dimensions.Conclusions. Reading is much more than the process by which one learns to decode or decipher a certain writing system, rather it is a socio-cultural practice associated with historical, cultural, ideological and institutional relationships. In addition, it can be said that reading as a socio-cultural practice is a practice that has been heavily laden with ideological, normative and prescriptive content, and is warned through various social, political and cultural discourses pertaining to different eras.Originality/Value. The value of visualizing the reading from this perspective lies in the possibilities of studying other scenarios beyond habits, making it possible to enter into the world of meanings assigned to this practice, the motivations that move the reading and the mediations that condition the act of reading. ; Objetivo. Se indagaron en elementos que definen, tipifican y caracterizan a la lectura como una práctica socio-cultural.Diseño/Metodología/Enfoque. Se llevó a cabo una revisión bibliográfica que hizo posible constatar aquellos elementos que relacionan a las prácticas socioculturales con la lectura.Resultados/Discusión. Se exponen los principales atributos etimológicos, procesales y multidimensionales que definen a la lectura como una práctica socio-cultural, haciendo énfasis en las dimensiones históricas, culturales y políticas.Conclusiones. La lectura es mucho más que el proceso por el cual se aprende a descodificar o descifrar un determinado sistema de escritura, más bien es una práctica socio-cultural asociada a relaciones históricas, culturales, ideológicas e institucionales. Además se puede decir que la lectura como práctica socio-cultural es una práctica que ha estado fuertemente cargada de contenidos ideológicos, normativos y prescriptivos, y es advertida a través de diversos discursos sociales, políticos y culturales pertenecientes a las distintas épocas.Originalidad/Valor. El valor que tiene la visualización de la lectura desde esta perspectiva radica en las posibilidades de estudiar otros escenarios más allá de los hábitos, posibilitando entrar en el mundo de las significaciones asignadas a esta práctica, las motivaciones que mueven a la lectura y las mediaciones que condicionan el acto de la lectura.

An education promoting scientific literacy (SL) that prepares the citizens to a responsible citizenship has persisted as an argument across discussions on curricula design. The ubiquity of science and technology on contemporary societies and the ideological requirement of informed democratic participation led to the identification of relevant categories that drive curriculum reforms towards a humanistic approach of school science. The category 'Science as culture' acquires in the current work a major importance: it enlightens the meaning of scientific literacy. Looking closely to the French term, culture scientifique et tecnologique, turns science simultaneously into a cultural object and product that can be both received and worked at different levels and within several approaches by the individuals and the communities. On the other hand, nonformal and informal education spaces gain greater importance. Together with the formal school environment these spaces allow for an enrichment and diversification of learning experiences. Examples of nonformal spaces where animators can develop their work may be science museums or botanical gardens; television and internet can be regarded as informal education spaces. Due to the above mentioned impossibility of setting apart the individual or community-based experiences from Science and Technology (S&T), the work in nonformal and informal spaces sets an additional challenge to the preparation of socio-cultural animators. Socio-scientific issues take, at times, heavily relevance within the communities. Pollution, high tension lines, spreading of diseases, food contamination or natural resources conservation are among the socio-scientific issues that often call upon arguments and emotions. In the context of qualifying programmes on socio-cultural animation (social education and community development) within European Higher Education Area (EHEA) the present study describes the Portuguese framework. The comparison of programmes within Portugal aims to contribute to the ...

Objective. This article is aimed at investigating the elements that define, typify and characterize reading as a socio-cultural practice.Design/Methodology/Approach. A bibliographic review was carried out to verify those elements that make possible to relate the socio-cultural practices with the reading.Results/Discussion. The main etymological, procedural and multidimensional attributes that define reading as a socio-cultural practice were exposed, emphasizing the historical, cultural and political dimensions.Conclusions. Reading is much more than the process by which one learns to decode or decipher a certain writing system, rather it is a socio-cultural practice associated with historical, cultural, ideological and institutional relationships. In addition, it can be said that reading as a socio-cultural practice is a practice that has been heavily laden with ideological, normative and prescriptive content, and is warned through various social, political and cultural discourses pertaining to different eras.Originality/Value. The value of visualizing the reading from this perspective lies in the possibilities of studying other scenarios beyond habits, making it possible to enter into the world of meanings assigned to this practice, the motivations that move the reading and the mediations that condition the act of reading. ; Objetivo. Se indagaron en elementos que definen, tipifican y caracterizan a la lectura como una práctica socio-cultural. Diseño/Metodología/Enfoque. Se llevó a cabo una revisión bibliográfica que hizo posible constatar aquellos elementos que relacionan a las prácticas socioculturales con la lectura. Resultados/Discusión. Se exponen los principales atributos etimológicos, procesales y multidimensionales que definen a la lectura como una práctica socio-cultural, haciendo énfasis en las dimensiones históricas, culturales y políticas. Conclusiones. La lectura es mucho más que el proceso por el cual se aprende a descodificar o descifrar un determinado sistema de escritura, más bien es una práctica socio-cultural asociada a relaciones históricas, culturales, ideológicas e institucionales. Además se puede decir que la lectura como práctica socio-cultural es una práctica que ha estado fuertemente cargada de contenidos ideológicos, normativos y prescriptivos, y es advertida a través de diversos discursos sociales, políticos y culturales pertenecientes a las distintas épocas. Originalidad/Valor. El valor que tiene la visualización de la lectura desde esta perspectiva radica en las posibilidades de estudiar otros escenarios más allá de los hábitos, posibilitando entrar en el mundo de las significaciones asignadas a esta práctica, las motivaciones que mueven a la lectura y las mediaciones que condicionan el acto de la lectura.

Dr Aligwekwe's previous books have been exceptionally focused on reviewing African culture/tradition through history; aimed at both recapturing and, thus, perpetuating those laudable elements that could be submerged by some contemporary indiscriminate and harmful forces of change. These publications called for the elimination of the non-meritorious and contemptible, and the enhancement of the favourable. The present volume, Behavioural Science for Students of Science and Technology, is approx

Innovation - the process of obtaining, understanding, applying, transforming, managing and transferring knowledge - is a result of human collaboration, but it has become an increasingly complex process, with a growing number of interacting parties involved. Lack of innovation is not necessarily caused by lack of technology or lack of will to innovate, but often by social and cultural forces that jeopardize the cognitive processes and prevent potential innovation. This book focuses on the rule of social capital in the process of innovation: the social networks and the norms; values and attit.