Suchergebnisse

Цебрій І. В. Філософські засади моделювання подій давньої історії в трагедії Г.Т. Фармана «Я прийшов вас знищити» / І. В. Цебрій // Філософські обрії : Наук.-теорет. журн. / Ін-т філософії імені Г. С. Сковороди HAH України, Полтав. нац. пед. ун-т імені В. Г. Короленка. – 2018. – Вип. 39. – С. 20-26. ; У статті здійснено аналіз філософських засад моделювання подій стародавньої історії на основі трагедії Г.Т. Фармана «Я прийшов вас знищити», з'ясовано художні особливості відтворення культурних основ співіснування народів у ті далекі часи, проведено наукові паралелі з дослідженнями в інших галузях науки стосовно руйнівної діяльності ассирійського царя Саргона ІІ, що призвела до зникнення великих стародавніх цивілізацій, показано витоки зародження тоталітаризму та його наслідки. ; The article analyzes the philosophical principles of modeling the events of ancient history on the basis of the tragedy G.T. Farman "I come to Destroy You", artistic features of the reproduction of the cultural foundations of the coexistence of peoples in those distant times, scientific parallels with research in other fields of science concerning the devastating activity of the Assyrian king Sargon II, which led to the disappearance of the great ancient civilizations, were revealed, the origins are shown. The emergence of totalitarianism and its consequences. The problem of studying the philosophical foundations of the simulation of the events of ancient history in the tragedy G.T. Farman "I come to destroy you" has many aspects and does not end with the works that exist today. Its main purpose is to rethink historical facts in comparison with the artistic vision of the author, who is the descendant of the previous Assyrian civilization. Considering that G.T. Farman was not a supporter of the Eastern despotism with its totalitarian character and military orientation; he showed the origins of such despotism that are related to modern fascism and militarism. The problems raised in the tragedy sound extremely modern, and it will not leave anyone indifferent and will always be relevant.

Adolescence, wherever you live, is a potentially turbulent and challenging time and no less so in the four countries where we undertook our work. Here, transitions through adolescence are fraught with difficulties, in part due to the deeply embedded gender norms which determine what a girl can and cannot do and how she must be. Each specific context came with its own factors: multi-ethnic and multi-religious communities, remoteness, variable services (if any at all) and, sometimes, a policy and cultural context without recognition of adolescence, where the transition to adulthood is short or immediate rather than prolonged. Nevertheless, what we know from biological sciences is that adolescence is a developmental period – a time when the body and mind changes. These changes bring with them potential which in the right context, can open new opportunities. Our interest was in exploring that potential and how gendered norms might truncate opportunities and limit the development of capabilities which every young adult could aspire to own – the ability to have a political voice, to be educated, to be in good health, to have control over one's body, to be free from violence, to be able to own property and earn a livelihood, to be economically and politically empowered. We were intrigued by the very common experiences of adolescent girls across multiple contexts. This learning and sharing enabled us to explore in much greater depth what norms are and how they operate within political and institutional spaces at national and community levels. It also allowed us to explore the changing and different conceptual understandings of gendered social relations, gender equality and the usage of the term 'norm' to capture embedded, often implicit, informal rules by which people abide, and which are bound into the values people and societies accept implicitly, accept reluctantly or actively contest.

У статті висвітлюються суспільно-політичні умови українського суспільства, яке із розумінням поставилося до польсько-українських переговорів. Однак пацифікація, арешти провідних українських діячів, утиски у національно- культурній сфері звели можливість досягнення компромісу до мінімуму. ; В статье освещаются общественно-политические условия украинского общества, которое с пониманием отнеслось к польско-украинским переговорам. Однако пацификация, аресты ведущих украинских деятелей, притеснения в национально-культурной сфере возвели возможность достижения компромисса к минимуму. ; Different types and forms of political opposition are distinguished in political practice. These classifications are based on the following factors: 1) the authority system: loyal or disloyal; 2) the place of action: parliamentary or extra parliamentary; 3) the place in spectrum of political forces: left, right, central; 4) the manner of action: legal, illegal, situational; 5) the nature: democratic (constructive),undemocratic (fundamental, revolutionary). By using a policy of 'normalization', criticizing official policy of the government and taking part in the law making process, the UNDO was trying to achieve fundamental concessions from the government, to adjust its national-cultural policy, to limit abuses. In general party became the main channel of expressing dissatisfaction of Ukrainians with existing situation. Unfortunately, the Polish government didn't have civilized rules of relations with the opposition which was manifested in frequent changes of constitution and electoral law. That laws mentioned above are not absolute, they define only the basic trends of influence of the electoral regime on the parties' system, and of course exceptions are predicted too. In immature democracies with fragile party system and limited influence of political parties on the election process these patterns have only partial reflection. Therefore, in modern science the effectiveness of any study depends on choosing the appropriate methodology. Political scientists suggest that 100 year investigation of the theory of political parties was the result of the existence of significant number of political parties' types.

New York City College of Technology (City Tech) is one of 24 colleges comprising the City University of New York (CUNY), the United States' largest urban public higher education institution legislatively mandated as the "vehicle for the upward mobility of the disadvantaged in the City of New York."1 Fulfilling this mission is vital to the success of City Tech students and requires the provision of easy, consistent access to course materials across digital platforms. Panelists will trace how City Tech has been at the vanguard of transforming teaching and learning through the foundation of two significant open pedagogy initiatives on its campus. In 2011, City Tech launched the OpenLab, an open-source platform where students, faculty, and staff meet to learn and share ideas, providing opportunities for the entire college and the public to connect and collaborate. This can be difficult to achieve at an urban commuter campus. In 2014, City Tech established an OER professional development program to reconceptualize course materials and lower textbook costs for students. These two initiatives are especially noteworthy given their rooting in local needs: both have been conceived and implemented for and by the City Tech community. Panelists include the Coordinator of the OER professional development program, the Co-Director of the OpenLab, and two faculty fellows in our OER professional development program. We represent distinct disciplines (Library, English, Biology, and Social Sciences) and offer unique interdisciplinary perspectives and approaches to open education. Critical to our institution's shift to open pedagogy is our commitment to fostering learning communities across the college, including faculty communities of practice not bound by rank, department, or disciplinary silos. Panelists will share how their work, individually and collectively, has strengthened City Tech's commitment to open pedagogy and has laid the groundwork for significant cultural change across the college.

One of the most important known unknowns in the path to 2045 is that the world, including our two countries, Indonesia and Japan, will undergo dramatic economic, social, political, and cultural transformations. In the 1980s, few of us could have imagined the world in which we now live, where smartphones and the Internet, artificial intelligence, the Internet of things, drones, and advances in biology and medical science have changed our lives fundamentally; where Indonesia is being led by a former mayor and governor turned president elected directly in a full-fledged democracy; and where Japan is no longer an economic superpower or even the largest economy in Asia. We can assume something equally unimaginable awaits us in 2045. And although we do not know what the world will look like by then, we know it will be radically different from the one we now know and that we should prepare for it in every way we can. Technological advances will present us with major changes in the areas of business, employment, government, education, health, defence, and security. The challenges will be enormous. We therefore need to train people to meet all the challenges that will confront us, so that we can reap the benefits of technological transformation to make the world, as well as our two countries, a better place. Our countries have had their share of ups and downs in our histories. But they achieved, or are in the process of achieving, a life of plenty, freedom, and safety for our peoples thanks to the efforts, wisdom, courage, and commitments of our predecessors. Thus, we should be optimistic about our ability to meet the challenges we will face in the coming years. The most important questions we should ask are what kind of countries we want to build, what positions we want to occupy in the Indo-Pacific region and the world, and what we can do together to achieve our objectives.

Scientists have long recognized two distinct forms of human thought. "Type 1" reasoning is unconscious, intuitive, and specializes in finding complex patterns. It is typically associated with the aesthetic emotion that John Keats called "beauty." "Type 2" reasoning is conscious, articulable, and deductive. Scholars usually assume that legal reasoning is entirely Type 2. However, critics from Holmes to Posner have protested that unconscious and intuitive judgments are at least comparably important. This Article takes the conjecture seriously by asking what science can add to our understanding of how lawyers and judges interpret legal texts. The analysis is overdue. Humanities scholars have long invoked findings from cognitive psychology, brain imaging, and neural network theory to argue that postmodern interpretations that ignore texts in favor of politics and cultural explanations are hopelessly incomplete. Similar arguments should be a fortiori stronger in law, where judges and scholars routinely stress the detailed wording of texts. The Article begins by reviewing previous attempts to apply literary theory to legal texts. We argue that the main failing of this literature is that it says little or nothing about how judges and advocates choose between competing legal interpretations. Section II argues that the best way to fill this gap is to ask what scientists have learned about the brain. This includes the fundamental insight that most human thought processes rely on both Type 1 and Type 2 methods. The Article also documents the surprising cognitive psychology result that Type 1 judgments show significant universality, i.e. that humans who study subjects for long periods often make similar choices without regard to the societies they were born into. Section III extends these arguments to law by arguing that legal judgment frequently turns on the brain's Type 1 pattern recognition machinery. The next two Sections build on this foundation to construct an explicit theory of how Type 1 thinking enters into legal ...

World War II permanently changed the state of global politics, establishing the United States as a major superpower. In particular, the creation of the atomic bomb at the end of the war ushered in a new era of nuclear tension and a Cold War between the United States and Soviet Union, in which each side was pushed to marshal resources – foreign and domestic, cultural and political, at all levels – in support of its cause. The purpose of this research is to provide an analysis of the impact of the Cold War on American public primary and secondary schools, particularly focusing on changes in curriculum as a result of pressures from the Soviet Union and the influence of the federal government. In order to respond to the Soviet threat and maintain the U.S.'s status, public schools utilized their influence by instilling "American" values and conditioning children to be future contributors to society by focusing more heavily on mathematics, science, physical education, and foreign languages. By exploring primary and secondary sources, I analyze the changes in public school functions within the context of the onset of the Cold War (1947-1968). Utilizing these sources, which include federal acts, Massachusetts Board of Education reports, funding directives, and curricula, this research aims to show what specific changes were enacted by schools in order to mold pupils into ideal members of society during the Cold War. This research will contribute to existing literature on education in late twentieth-century America, which has shaped the needs and goals of education in the new millennium. My findings emphasize the deep and lasting impact that a war of such magnitude has had on society. In addition, it shows how American public schools responded to the Cold War in order to help current and future educators fully understand and utilize their influence in divisive times.

The mainstream of economics has a double implicit postulate: peace is a normal state and economic development reinforces this situation. However, if primitive, slave or colonialist predations have been philosophically condemned, military, economic or cultural power struggles remain very present in the modern world. Extreme greed as a social form of maximum profit performance cannot be the ultimate goal of human beings in the long run. Social inequalities are growing rapidly and the assets of a dozen families exceed those accumulated by the poorest half of humanity. The twentieth century has experienced both moments of extreme barbarism and wars and unquestionable epistemological leaps. Economics is an ideology that hides the reality of political economy. It develops hypotheses that encourage the more virulent forms of inequality. Wars have followed one another, the USSR has collapsed, economic crises have accelerated, financial bubbles are putting all of humanity in a precarious situation, the intervention of the State is still strongly criticized. Dominant thought, mathematical virtuosity and postulates are at the service of an economic system that is difficult to amend without the recognition of the utility of public goods. The US leadership is clearly established in terms of information, standards control and artificial intelligence, the European Union continues to weaken and be dependent, with a "Germanic" euro and public deficits that produce threatening internal crises for the stability of the political ensemble, and BRICS in situations of great precariousness and heterogeneous interests. In addition, several revolutions are announced, concerning the violent advance of digital technology and robotics, the excessive advance of monopolies and global oligopolies, the emergence of new forces advocating a social revolution, and the environmental and climate crisis. ; Le courant dominant de la science économique fait un double postulat implicite : la paix est un état normal et le développement économique ...

International audience ; In the last fifteen years, the "archeology of memory" has become increasingly important in the studies of ancient Mediterranean societies. Social practices related to the reuse of the past are highlighted and hold an important place in the reconsideration of notions such as continuity, break and transmission. Despite this, in the study of Minoan and Mycenaean cultures, antiquities get very little of all the attention drawn on material production. Regarding the early Iron Age, whereas various memorial phenomena, such as settlement permanence, religious "continuity", heroes or ancestors worships or the reuse of ruins for cultic or funerary purpose, enjoyed quite the attention, very little has been paid to the long conservation of ancient artefacts. This lack of interest comes from the fact that few of those artefacts are recognized as such, and that hardly ever a parallel is drawn between them and other relevant circumstances. The aim of this contribution is to introduce a method of defining and analyzing these antiquities, using archaeological definitions, by using the tool social sciences provide us with, as well as ethnographic parallels. We will see how the analysis of a corpus of antiquities allow us to understand, from a different point of view, the political, cultural and social phenomena in the Aegean world during LBA and EIA. This requires to take into account the various contexts of social interaction, such as the ritual aspect, the funerary one, but also the domestic and the community-based one. The island of Euboea will be addressed as a regional study, through the sites of Lefkandi and Eretria where several antiquities, bronze-aged as well as iron-aged, have been found. The contextualization of these different antiquities, in conjunction with other forms of remembrance, shows how the memory of the Ancients Greeks could be embodied in objects of the everyday life, as well as in luxurious productions, sometimes exotics. In the same way, the role they might have played in the ...

Сьогодні оповідка є одним із найпопулярніших жанрів, який хоч і виник ще в прадавні часи, проте не був ґрунтовно дослідженим. Тому крім спроби окреслити історію жанру, в статті звернено увагу на проблеми та перспективи вивчення оповідки. ; People have been creating and disseminating short stories from time immemorial. We will never be able to find out exactly when short stories first appeared, as the genre preceded the emergence of ancient civilizations and written language. Despite this fact, the short story was defined as an independent and self-sufficient literary genre in the 20th century. Not only was the genre established quite late, but it has not been researched sufficiently. The first theoretical works appeared only in the 1960s, and in the 21st century, the short story is drawing strong attention from researchers in different fields. Scholars have outlined the existence of the storytelling function in psychoanalysis, cognitive science, and the political sphere and power relations, but they have been inclined to ignore the strong impact of literary storytelling as a cultural practice. At the beginning of the article, the author expounds the theoretical and philosophical exigencies of contemporary short story studies. She then succinctly outlines the history of this literary genre from ritual to meta-genre innovation. The investigation of the genre's history highlights the genre's features, providing the opportunity to distinguish the short story from other types of short fiction. Adding to the topic, the author defines issues of modern philosophical and scientific perceptions of the short story as a phenomenon, today's most empowered and widespread form of sharing notions. Finally, the author determines what can be denominated as a short story in contemporary literature and illustrates this through the translation of Etgar Keret's "Pipes", which was the first work in the oeuvre of the prominent and well-known contemporary Israeli writer.

Roman Kamil. National identity as the basis for shaping patriotism in Poland. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2018;8(11):321-327. eISNN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1490541 http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.phpohs/article/view/6303 The journal has had 7 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. Part b item 1223 (26/01/2017). 1223 Journal of Education, Health and Sport eissn 2391-8306 7 © The Authors 2018; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author (s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non commercial license Share alike. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 25.10.2018. Revised: 25.10.2018. Accepted: 18.11.2018. National identity as the basis for shaping patriotism in Poland Kamil Roman The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin Summary The identity category is a crucial term describing the political and cultural relationships that occur within a given population. Identity is also a primary term for studying the essence of patriotism. This article attempts to analyze the impact of national identity on shaping patriotic attitudes, attachment to the homeland and civic activity. The publication also contains an overview of the applied solutions in Poland in the area of shaping awareness and national identity of Poles. Keywords: identity, national identity, patriotism

O trabalho etnográfico em torno das estratégias de consumo do acesso à internet em arranjos informais e 'clandestinos' ("favelox", "gatonet", "chupa-cabra" dentre outros) me permitiu a identificação de uma importante dimensão das práticas constituídas a partir e no manuseio de TIC's no Brasil a que toca à construção de um tipo de saber técnico, a "expertise" para o desvio, redistribuição e manutenção do sinal, a "gambiarra". A captação do sinal da internet por caminhos não-convencionais exige o domínio de um conjunto de conhecimentos desenvolvidos à margem dos espaços formais de aprendizagem, onde fatos científicos são reconfigurados no encontro com sistemas culturais locais. As apropriações criativas do saber técnico-científico constituem o objeto da discussão que desenvolvo neste artigo, por meio da apresentação de resultados parciais de uma pesquisa realizada entre 2010 e 1012 em que tais práticas foram observadas, procurando estabelecer o debate acerca das novas formas identitárias, dos novos padrões de interação, saber, ordenação, organização social possibilitadas pelas TIC's .Palavras-Chave: gambiarra, ciência, internet, expertise mecatrônica.The ethonographic work around the Internet consumption strategy of informal and clandestine arrangements ("favelox", "gatonet", "chupa-cabra", among others) allows me to identify an important dimension of the practices constituted from the handling of ICT in Brazil is a "technique" for the deviation redistribution and maintenance of the signal, a "gambiarra". A configuration of, a set of knowledge developed at the margin of the formative spaces of learning, where scientific facts, are reconfigured without encounter with local cultural systems. The critical designations of technical-scientific knowledge constitute the object of discussion that is developed in this article, through partial results of a research conducted between 2010 and 2012 in which these practices are observed seeks to establish the debate on the new forms of identify, of the new patterns of interaction knowledge ordering and social organization made possible by ICT's.Keywords: Gambiarra, science, internet, mechatronics expertise.

<p class="Pa7">O<strong>bjective: </strong>The purpose of this article is to describe the background and experience of the Academic-Community Engagement (ACE) Core of the Mid-South Transdisci­plinary Collaborative Center for Health Disparities Research (Mid-South TCC) in impacting the social determinants of health through the establishment and implemen­tation of a regional academic-community partnership.</p><p class="Pa7"><strong>Conceptual Framework: </strong>The Mid-South TCC is informed by three strands of re­search: the social determinants of health, the socioecological model, and commu­nity-based participatory research (CBPR). Combined, these elements represent a science of engagement that has allowed us to use CBPR principles at a regional level to address the social determinants of health disparities.</p><p class="Pa7"><strong>Results: </strong>The ACE Core established state coalitions in each of our founding states— Alabama, Louisiana, and Mississippi—and an Expansion Coalition in Arkansas, Tennes­see, and Kentucky. The ACE Core funded and supported a diversity of 15 community engaged projects at each level of the socio­ecological model in our six partner states through our community coalitions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Through our cross-discipline, cross-regional infrastructure developed strategically over time, and led by the ACE Core, the Mid-South TCC has established an extensive infrastructure for accomplishing our overarching goal of investigating the so­cial, economic, cultural, and environmental factors driving and sustaining health dispari­ties in obesity and chronic illnesses, and developing and implementing interventions to ameliorate such disparities. <em></em></p><p><em>Ethn Dis. </em>2017;27(Suppl 1):277-286; doi:10.18865/ed.27.S1.277.</p>

Abstract
In recent years the simulation argument, namely, the idea that our reality is a kind of computer-generated simulation developed for hidden purposes, has acquired some credit and has been appropriated by the conspiracy culture, especially in the works of David Icke, author of paranoid bestsellers and known for his pseudo-theory about Reptilian aliens who secretly rule our world. To understand the reasons for the success of such an implausible pseudo-theory, it is necessary to analyze its genealogy inside popular culture. The methodological proposal underlying this paper is that the analysis of conspiracy theories and pseudo-scientific beliefs can benefit from the contribution of the history of ideas, which traditionally focuses on the reconstruction of the genealogy and the metamorphosis of unit-ideas over time and through different cultural levels. In this way, it is possible to shed light on the background and the peculiar rationality behind these pseudo-theories. The paper highlights New Age appropriation mechanisms of the theories of physicist David Bohm and neuropsychiatrist Karl Pribram (holographic principle), in particular through the pseudoscientific works of the McKenna Brothers (The Invisibile Landscape, 1975) and Michael Talbot (The Holographic Universe, 1991) as well as the impact of some sci-fi works based on the simulation argument, especially Philip K. Dick's novels and The Matrix movie (1999), in exposing the paranoid and conspiracy implications of this argument. The paper also highlights the role of pseudo-scientific concepts as a characteristic aspect of contemporary superconspiracies, which in the age of rationalization and disenchantment seek to embrace a patina of science in order to be better accepted by the public. Wider application of this perspective to other cases of pseudo-scientific beliefs and contemporary conspiracy theories (e.g. flat Earth or chemtrails) could provide useful suggestions on the most effective way of counteracting them.

Constant changes in the economic environment, where globalization and the development of the knowledge economy act as drivers, are systematically pushing companies towards the challenge of accessing external markets. Web localization constitutes a new field of study and professional intervention. From the translation perspective, localization equates to the website being adjusted to the typological, discursive and genre conventions of the target culture, adapting that website to a different language and culture. This entails much more than simply translating the content of the pages. The content of a webpage is made up of text, images and other multimedia elements, all of which have to be translated and subjected to cultural adaptation. A case study has been carried out to analyze the current presence of localization within Spanish SMEs from the chemical sector. Two types of indicator have been established for evaluating the sample: indicators for evaluating company websites (with a Likert scale from 0-4) and indicators for evaluating web localization (0-2 scale). The results show overall website quality is acceptable (2.5 points out of 4). The higher rating has been obtained by the system quality (with 2.9), followed by information quality (2.7 points) and, lastly, service quality (1.9 points). In the web localization evaluation, the contact information aspects obtain 1.4 points, the visual aspect 1.04, and the navigation aspect was the worse considered (0.37). These types of analysis facilitate the establishment of practical recommendations aimed at SMEs in order to increase their international presence through the localization of their websites. ; The authors are grateful to the Spanish "Ministry of Science and Innovation" for supporting this study, in the framework of the research Project CSO2015-64532-R, partially funded by the FEDER program of the European Union.