Suchergebnisse

In recent decades when the concept 'Regional Europe' is becoming more popular and regions are becoming more significant players on national and international levels, bigger attention is paid to regionalism studies and regionalisation processes as well. These processes have not bypassed Nordic countries, which promote cooperation within the Baltic region by involving the Baltic States into the regional processes as well. USA has received an important role in the processes of development of the Baltic Sea region, to which belong both Northern and the Baltic States; this region has become attractive to USA because of its increasing influence in the region and Europe, and it was a good opportunity for USA to maintain its influence in Europe after the end of the Cold war. The main object of this work is cooperation between Nordic - Baltic countries and USA in the context of development of the regional initiatives. This paper work tries to investigate dynamics of cooperation between Nordic and the Baltic States and USA by assessing the superpower impact and influence on cooperation of two sub-regional states in the Baltic Sea region. When assessing tendencies of cooperation between Northern and the Baltic States and USA, most attention is paid to the format (NB8+1) of regional group NB8 collaborating with USA, JAV, and Enhanced Partnership in Northern Europe (E-PINE) program initiated by this state. In order to achieve the goal, the following tasks have been fulfilled: review of the conception, essential definitions and terms of regional development and regionalism/sub-regionalism, discussion of the place of the regional level analysis in political theories of international relations; review and assessment of (sub)regionalism processes among Nordic-Baltic countries; evaluation of USA role in the region by taking into consideration the interests, motives and influence of this superpower on dynamics of regional cooperation within Northern and the Baltic States, and review and evaluation of the tendencies of cooperation of Northern and the Baltic States with USA. In order to achieve the goal and the tasks of this paper work, analytical descriptive, case study, document and comparative analysis methods were used. After the tasks are fulfilled, conclusions can be made that the most perspective self-realisation space of the Baltic States has recently been so-called Northern Arch – a dynamic region of the sovereign Baltic and Northern States maintaining close relations with transatlantic partners, the Great Britain and other EU states. USA declares the significance of those sub-regions as "a growing global partner". The superpower of the world formulates and maintains close relations with Northern and the Baltic States as with a separate region. Such distinction of the sub-region within the USA agenda (Programme of Enhanced Partnership in Northern Europe) is already an obvious expression of designing its interests towards the Northern-Baltic direction.

In recent decades when the concept 'Regional Europe' is becoming more popular and regions are becoming more significant players on national and international levels, bigger attention is paid to regionalism studies and regionalisation processes as well. These processes have not bypassed Nordic countries, which promote cooperation within the Baltic region by involving the Baltic States into the regional processes as well. USA has received an important role in the processes of development of the Baltic Sea region, to which belong both Northern and the Baltic States; this region has become attractive to USA because of its increasing influence in the region and Europe, and it was a good opportunity for USA to maintain its influence in Europe after the end of the Cold war. The main object of this work is cooperation between Nordic - Baltic countries and USA in the context of development of the regional initiatives. This paper work tries to investigate dynamics of cooperation between Nordic and the Baltic States and USA by assessing the superpower impact and influence on cooperation of two sub-regional states in the Baltic Sea region. When assessing tendencies of cooperation between Northern and the Baltic States and USA, most attention is paid to the format (NB8+1) of regional group NB8 collaborating with USA, JAV, and Enhanced Partnership in Northern Europe (E-PINE) program initiated by this state. In order to achieve the goal, the following tasks have been fulfilled: review of the conception, essential definitions and terms of regional development and regionalism/sub-regionalism, discussion of the place of the regional level analysis in political theories of international relations; review and assessment of (sub)regionalism processes among Nordic-Baltic countries; evaluation of USA role in the region by taking into consideration the interests, motives and influence of this superpower on dynamics of regional cooperation within Northern and the Baltic States, and review and evaluation of the tendencies of cooperation of Northern and the Baltic States with USA. In order to achieve the goal and the tasks of this paper work, analytical descriptive, case study, document and comparative analysis methods were used. After the tasks are fulfilled, conclusions can be made that the most perspective self-realisation space of the Baltic States has recently been so-called Northern Arch – a dynamic region of the sovereign Baltic and Northern States maintaining close relations with transatlantic partners, the Great Britain and other EU states. USA declares the significance of those sub-regions as "a growing global partner". The superpower of the world formulates and maintains close relations with Northern and the Baltic States as with a separate region. Such distinction of the sub-region within the USA agenda (Programme of Enhanced Partnership in Northern Europe) is already an obvious expression of designing its interests towards the Northern-Baltic direction.

In recent decades when the concept 'Regional Europe' is becoming more popular and regions are becoming more significant players on national and international levels, bigger attention is paid to regionalism studies and regionalisation processes as well. These processes have not bypassed Nordic countries, which promote cooperation within the Baltic region by involving the Baltic States into the regional processes as well. USA has received an important role in the processes of development of the Baltic Sea region, to which belong both Northern and the Baltic States; this region has become attractive to USA because of its increasing influence in the region and Europe, and it was a good opportunity for USA to maintain its influence in Europe after the end of the Cold war. The main object of this work is cooperation between Nordic - Baltic countries and USA in the context of development of the regional initiatives. This paper work tries to investigate dynamics of cooperation between Nordic and the Baltic States and USA by assessing the superpower impact and influence on cooperation of two sub-regional states in the Baltic Sea region. When assessing tendencies of cooperation between Northern and the Baltic States and USA, most attention is paid to the format (NB8+1) of regional group NB8 collaborating with USA, JAV, and Enhanced Partnership in Northern Europe (E-PINE) program initiated by this state. In order to achieve the goal, the following tasks have been fulfilled: review of the conception, essential definitions and terms of regional development and regionalism/sub-regionalism, discussion of the place of the regional level analysis in political theories of international relations; review and assessment of (sub)regionalism processes among Nordic-Baltic countries; evaluation of USA role in the region by taking into consideration the interests, motives and influence of this superpower on dynamics of regional cooperation within Northern and the Baltic States, and review and evaluation of the tendencies of cooperation of Northern and the Baltic States with USA. In order to achieve the goal and the tasks of this paper work, analytical descriptive, case study, document and comparative analysis methods were used. After the tasks are fulfilled, conclusions can be made that the most perspective self-realisation space of the Baltic States has recently been so-called Northern Arch – a dynamic region of the sovereign Baltic and Northern States maintaining close relations with transatlantic partners, the Great Britain and other EU states. USA declares the significance of those sub-regions as "a growing global partner". The superpower of the world formulates and maintains close relations with Northern and the Baltic States as with a separate region. Such distinction of the sub-region within the USA agenda (Programme of Enhanced Partnership in Northern Europe) is already an obvious expression of designing its interests towards the Northern-Baltic direction.

Basic issues of trade and economic cooperation between Russia and countries of the Persian Gulf Arab States Cooperation Council (GCC) are discussed. Despite mutual interest, relations between GCC states and Russia could not have reached sufficiently high level, specifically owing tothe influence of political factors. At the same time, in spite of rather small trade volumes and poor economic relations between Russia and GCC states, their cooperation prospects may be considered as sufficiently optimistic. ; Статья посвящена рассмотрению основных вопросов торгово-экономического сотрудничества России и стран Совета содружества арабских государств Персидского залива (ССАГПЗ). Отмечается, что, несмотря на взаимный интерес, отношения между государствами ССАГПЗ и Россией на текущий момент не смогли достичь высокого уровня, в том числе по причине влияния политического фактора. Вместе с тем, несмотря на относительно небольшие объёмы торгово-экономических связей России с государствами ССАГПЗ, перспективы взаимодействия между ними представляются в достаточной степени оптимистичными.

Кризисные явления в мировой политике и экономике существенно отражаются на социально-политической ситуации постсоветских стран. В этот период обостряются внутренние конфликты, наиболее сложные из которых для разрешения – межконфессиональные. В статье рассмотрены особенности взаимодействия конфессий, а также потенциальные «точки притяжения», которые могут стать основой для межрелигиозного диалога. ; The crisis in the world politics and economy significantly affects the socio-political situation in the post-Soviet countries. During this period, internal conflicts use to exacerbate, and the most difficult among them for time-solutions – are confessional. The article describes the features of interactions between denominations, as well as potential "points of attraction" that could become a basis for inter-religious dialogue.

Purpose. The purpose of this paper is to present a methodology for monitoring the cooperation between the business community and the system of higher education on the regional level and spotting active participants of such cooperation. The received data are to be used for developing the support policy of the effective partnership models by state government and entrepreneurs associations. Methodology/approach. The monitoring was carried out with respect to the Voronezh region companies and universities in May-June 2015 (the data was collected for the year 2014). The research method involves surveying regional universities and building composite ratings of companies based on their involvement in higher education and considering the range of cooperation forms and their value. The research data analysis included pre-verification and allowed for measurement error. The final ranking used integral binary criteria. Findings. The research results provide statistics with regard to the abundance of specified forms of cooperation between universities and companies. It also points out groups of companies exercising significant influence over the region's system of education. The ranking of companies is used by the Voronezh region government and the Chamber of Commerce and Industry and was used as a basis for similar research in other regions as well as a prototype for a methodology of monitoring the cooperation between companies and institutions of secondary professional education. Originality/value. For the first time, an assessment of the scale of and factual abundance of specified forms of cooperation between the Russian business community and the system of higher education has been performed. The results obtained can be of interest to those researching functioning of the Triple Helix model (partnership between government, companies and education) in Russia as well as to authors of higher educational institution rankings. ; Целью настоящей статьи является представление методики мониторинга взаимодействия бизнес-сообщества ...

The Presidency of the Council of the EU can be conceived as the one of tools implementing common policy of the EU. Member states try to profit this position meeting the issues relevant for their own country or region. Evolving economic, political and cultural relations in the Baltic Sea region may reveal a number of priorities of neighboring countries in shaping the agenda of the Council of the EU. In this research the Baltic Sea region means Denmark, Sweden, Finland and Lithuania. Nordic countries (Finland, Sweden, Denmark) and Lithuania have quite different social and economic development models, and this may cause that their regional ties may not be as strong as the relationship with other EU countries. This can affect the attitude of the country in presidency of the EU. This investigation aims to confirm or refute the hypothesis that the Baltic Sea region states chairing the EU Council at the central room put the same and one of the most important regional issues. It is analyzing the most recent presidencies of the Baltic Sea region states (Finland in 2006, Sweden in 2009, Denmark is chairing currently, 2012, and Lithuania will hold presidency in the second half of 2013). Particular policy areas are chosen, precisely energy, environment and transport, as the main problems leading to regional cooperation. Based on these policies the aim is to find the link between the presidency priorities and regionalism and to describe the commonalities and differences of it.

The Presidency of the Council of the EU can be conceived as the one of tools implementing common policy of the EU. Member states try to profit this position meeting the issues relevant for their own country or region. Evolving economic, political and cultural relations in the Baltic Sea region may reveal a number of priorities of neighboring countries in shaping the agenda of the Council of the EU. In this research the Baltic Sea region means Denmark, Sweden, Finland and Lithuania. Nordic countries (Finland, Sweden, Denmark) and Lithuania have quite different social and economic development models, and this may cause that their regional ties may not be as strong as the relationship with other EU countries. This can affect the attitude of the country in presidency of the EU. This investigation aims to confirm or refute the hypothesis that the Baltic Sea region states chairing the EU Council at the central room put the same and one of the most important regional issues. It is analyzing the most recent presidencies of the Baltic Sea region states (Finland in 2006, Sweden in 2009, Denmark is chairing currently, 2012, and Lithuania will hold presidency in the second half of 2013). Particular policy areas are chosen, precisely energy, environment and transport, as the main problems leading to regional cooperation. Based on these policies the aim is to find the link between the presidency priorities and regionalism and to describe the commonalities and differences of it.

The Presidency of the Council of the EU can be conceived as the one of tools implementing common policy of the EU. Member states try to profit this position meeting the issues relevant for their own country or region. Evolving economic, political and cultural relations in the Baltic Sea region may reveal a number of priorities of neighboring countries in shaping the agenda of the Council of the EU. In this research the Baltic Sea region means Denmark, Sweden, Finland and Lithuania. Nordic countries (Finland, Sweden, Denmark) and Lithuania have quite different social and economic development models, and this may cause that their regional ties may not be as strong as the relationship with other EU countries. This can affect the attitude of the country in presidency of the EU. This investigation aims to confirm or refute the hypothesis that the Baltic Sea region states chairing the EU Council at the central room put the same and one of the most important regional issues. It is analyzing the most recent presidencies of the Baltic Sea region states (Finland in 2006, Sweden in 2009, Denmark is chairing currently, 2012, and Lithuania will hold presidency in the second half of 2013). Particular policy areas are chosen, precisely energy, environment and transport, as the main problems leading to regional cooperation. Based on these policies the aim is to find the link between the presidency priorities and regionalism and to describe the commonalities and differences of it.

The contemporary system of international relations is known for the variety of its factors, as well as forms of their interaction. Globalized economy helps regions get increasingly involved in international cooperation as its subjects. At the same time, this brings about a number of contradictions. The current state and development of regional cooperation between the Russian Federation and Kazakhstan — its main partner in Eurasia — proves a good example in this respect.тTwo principal types of international relations between regions — cross-border and inter-territorial cooperation — have arisen so far. Cross-border cooperation mainly focuses on such factors as infrastructure, communications, industrial, agricultural and logistical cooperation, environmental protection, cross-border tourism, police and security affairs, etc. The particular forms cross-border cooperation takes depend on specific relations between the two states. All in all, there are 3 models of cross-border cooperation: the preferential model (granting preferences to border regions, including special customs and tax regimes); partnership (based on economic and political decentralization, it thus presupposes a more advanced stage of regional autonomy); and the traditional model (limitation of external economic relations and trade).Cross-border cooperation between Russia and Kazakhstan takes the traditional form. Inter-territorial collaboration between regions which do not have common borders) develops within the framework of twin cities.The Customs Union and the Common Economic Space set up between Russia, Belorussia and Kazakhstan predetermines a new approach to cross-border cooperation issues. The border regions 'veer' towards the perimeter of the Eurasian Economic Space. Alongside with potential positive economic effect, it can lead to various abuses. Tax regimes in EEU member states require urgent harmonization.Thus we can conclude that inter-regional cooperation is determined both by socio-economic fundamentals of neighbor states and by the existing level of their interaction. ; Характерной особенностью системы международных отношений современных государств является многообразие ее факторов, а также форм их взаимодействия. Регионы все активнее становятся субъектами международной деятельности в условиях глобализации мирового хозяйства. Вместе с тем этот процесс не свободен от противоречий. Очень показательны современное состояние и перспективы развития регионального сотрудничества Российской Федерации и Республики Казахстан — нашего главного партнера в Евразии.К настоящему времени сложились два типа международных связей регионов: приграничное и межтерриториальное сотрудничество. Основными отраслями приграничного сотрудничества являются инфраструктура, связь, промышленная, сельскохозяйственная и логистическая кооперация, охрана окружающей среды, приграничный туризм, борьба с преступностью и т. п. Формы приграничного сотрудничества различаются в зависимости от отношений между странами. Существует три модели приграничного сотрудничества: преференциальная (предоставление преференций приграничным регионам, в том числе особый налоговой и таможенный приграничный режим), партнерская (основана на принципах экономической и политической децентрализации, т. е. более высокая степень самостоятельности регионов), традиционная (ограничивается обслуживание внешнеэкономических связей и внешней торговли).Приграничное сотрудничество России и Казахстана осуществляется в рамках традиционной модели. Межтерриториальное сотрудничество (между территориями, не имеющими общих границ) развивается в рамках побратимских связей городов России и Казахстана.Создание Таможенного союза и ЕЭП России, Казахстана и Белоруссии заставляет по-новому взглянуть на вопросы приграничного сотрудничества. Приграничные регионы как бы сдвигаются к периметру Единого экономического пространства. Наряду с потенциальным позитивным экономическим эффектом это открывает возможности для различных злоупотреблений, а также требует оперативной гармонизации налоговых режимов стран-участниц.Таким образом, межрегиональные отношения являются производными как от типа и характера социально-экономических режимов соседних стран, так и от уровня их взаимодействия.

The article is devoted to an urgent problem dealing with the cooperation of the Turkish Republic and Azerbaijan Republic in the military sphere at the end of 20th – the beginning of 21st century. For Azerbaijan' s leaders Turkey has always been a special partner. This statement has an explanation. Ankara was the first state, which recognized the independence of Azerbaijan Republic. Moreover, Turkish government made great efforts to strengthen new state in different spheres. Military ties were one of the most important for both sides.
The cooperation between two states in the military sphere can be subdivided into several periods. The article gives the detailed analysis of normative documents concluded by the Republics' governments. The first period of military contacts (1990s) was the time of Turkish educational support. Ankara provided training assistance to the military forces of Azerbaijan. Military staff was restrained by Turkish instructors. Special uniform, armament and other equipment to make transformation was given to Baku by Turkish partners. Step by step, Azerbaijan' s military sphere was moving to Western standards. The year 1999 has become an important period for the military relations of Ankara and Baku. Since this year the military cooperation has extended and intensified, it is possible to name it as a new period of states' military collaboration. Turkish government gave financial aid to Ministry of Defense of Republic of Azerbaijan, provided the material and technical support to Baku for improving long-term military cooperation. In 2010 the Turkey-Azerbaijan Strategic Partnership Agreement was signed. It should be noticed that Baku refused to sign the agreement of Azerbaijan's participation in Collective security treaty organization, leaving the block of CSTO states headed by the Russian Federation. It's possible to say about the strengthening of the Baku-Ankara alliance. This action may lead to complication of Baku-Moscow relations and destabilize mutual relations. Mutual military ties between two Turkish states are shown in the context of Russia's interests in the region.

The article outlines the theoretical approaches to the study of the transformation of the forms of interaction between government and firms under the influence of the evolution of the productive forces and relations of production, depending on the mechanism for the coordination of economic activity, the level of competition and the dominant form of ownership. Substantiated, that partnerships between government and firms are a natural result of the transformation of these relations in the post-industrial economy. ; В статье изложены теоретические подходы к исследованию трансформации форм взаимодействия государства и фирм под воздействием эволюции производительных сил и производственных отношений в зависимости от механизма координации хозяйственной деятельности, уровня конкурентной среды и господствующей формы собственности. Обосновано, что партнёрские отношения между государством и фирмами являются закономерным результатом трансформации этих отношений в условиях постиндустриальной экономики.

Germany's and Russia's cooperation in the framework of the Council of the Baltic Sea States and the EU's Northern Dimension is examined in the article. The conclusion is made that regional forums are important for supporting security in Central Europe. Germany's and Russia's contribution to their activities is evaluated positively. A range of problems which impede mutual understanding between the countries of the region is outlined. Russia's presidency in the Council of the Baltic Sea States is analyzed in detail. The country did its best to strengthen economic and political cooperation with Western partners. Germany welcomes Russian initiatives aimed at promoting peace and stability in Europe and keeps to the principles of its Russian policy adopted after 2005. Berlin still hopes that common business issues will help integrate Kremlin into the European political space. The Caucasian crisis of August 2008 and the Ukrainian crisis of 2013-2014 harmed German-Russian partnership, but their consequences cannot be considered fatal. Brussels, Moscow and Berlin are in desperate need of a frank and open dialogue regarding the problems of Central Europe. The Council of the Baltic Sea States and the EU's Northern Dimension are performing their tasks efficiently, providing a comprehensive framework for such dialogue and protecting the interests of small European states. Germany's goal is to help the EU's new members preserve their independence. If Russia fails to democratize its political system, Berlin must make every effort to minimize the damage it will cause to Europe's security interests. It is stressed that regional forums play a significant role in Russian-German bilateral relations in the times of forming of the contemporary world order. The article is based on the neoliberal paradigm of international relations, which pays much attention to the activities of non-state actors. ; В статье рассматривается сотрудничество России и Германии в рамках Совета государств Балтийского моря и Северного измерения ЕС. Делается вывод, что региональные форумы важны для поддержки безопасности и стабильности в Централь-ной Европе. Положительно оценивается немецкий и российский вклад в их деятельность. Обрисовывается круг проблем, препятствующих взаимопониманию между странами региона. ; У статті розглянуто співпрацю Росії і Німеччини у рамках Ради держав Балтійського моря і Північного виміру ЄС. Робиться висновок, що регіональні форуми є важливими для підтримки безпеки і стабільності у Центральній Європі. Позитивно оцінюється німецький і російський внесок до їхньої діяльності. Окреслено коло проблем, які перешкоджають взаєморозумінню між країнами регіону.

In the article there are marked difficulty fighting corruption in government agencies, are considered the interests of business structures in the implementation of anti-corruption policy. The characteristic of the shadow capital of corrupt subjects of public relations as a factor of occurrence of unequal conditions in the market is done. The positive and negative points of possible participation of commercial entities in anti-corruption activities of the state are analyzed. Proposals to empower the business community with additional authorities that can help reduce the level of corruption are done. ; Обозначены сложности борьбы с коррупцией государственных структур, рассмотрены возможные интересы бизнес-структур в осуществлении антикоррупционной политики. Дана характеристика теневому капиталу коррумпированных субъектов общественных отношений как опасного фактора возникновения неравных условий на рынке. Проанализированы положительные и отрицательные стороны возможного участия коммерческих организаций в антикоррупционной деятельности государства. Даны предложения по наделению бизнес-сообщества дополнительными полномочиями, способствующими снижению уровня коррупции.

The article deals with the issues of participation of Yakutia in the international scientific cooperation in the Arctic during the last decade of the 20th and the first years of the 21st century. The author describes the history of realization of the international initiatives for studying social and cultural transformations and challenges of life of Arctic Indigenous Peoples, studying natural phenomena and processes, as well as environmental protection in the Yakutia's Arctic and their main results on the basis of a set of archival documents, English- and Frenchlanguage materials. The author called the most important factors that determine the extent of joint research of Russian scientists and their foreign colleagues, identified the key participants (scientists from Great Britain, Germany, Canada, Russia, Finland, France and Japan), forms (collection of field data, its processing and laboratory analysis; provision of academic institutions of Yakutia, their research base, provision of special equipment for foreign partners; coordination of research and the exchange of the data obtained; organization of conferences and workshops; organization of protected areas; publication of research results), and mechanisms (organization of special structures to intensify and coordinate research; association of research through a unified methodology; elaboration of international programs and projects, taking into account the potential of the involved parties - financing, tools and staff) of international scientific cooperation development. (author's abstract)