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A decision-aid system. for determining and achieving optimal distributions of wildlife law enforcement manpower was developed. Manpower distributions were computed by means of a workload formula for a case study application in the J.E.B. Stuart Enforcement District, Virginia Commission of Game and Inland Fisheries. A linear programming model was used to determine least cost methods of achieving prescribed manpower distributions. Simulations of permanent relocations and hiring of personnel were performed to evaluate the impact of management decisions on costs of achieving prescribed distributions. In the case study, total transfer cost resulting from simulated permanent relocation of personnel was 73% that of the present distribution, total transfer cost of simulated hiring of new personnel was 94% that of the present distribution. A simulation of inappropriate location of new personnel resulted in an increase in total transfer cost of 22% over that of the present distribution. These findings were relevant only to the case study; however, the use of the system as a general purpose simulator was demonstrated. Studies were performed of the relationships of patrol area environmental attributes, agent personal background characteristics, enforcement methods, enforcement effort, and season with enforcement efficiency (quality arrest score per enforcement hour). A wildlife law violation seriousness scale was developed in order to compute the measure of enforcement efficiency. Observations were obtained from Virginia wildlife law enforcement agents during November 1977, February, May, and August 1978. Patrol area intensity of 20 environmental variables, 25 personal background variables, 5 enforcement methods variables, total enforcement hours, and 4 study periods were independent variables. Two and 3-way interactions were detected by automatic interaction detection (AID) among total quality arrest score (QAS) by patrol, total QAS by response to citizen notification, and total enforcement hours. Analysis of covariance by multiple regression procedures indicated that methods of enforcement, effort, and their interactions we.re more closely associated with enforcement efficiency than other major categories of independent variables. Total QAS by patrol, total QAS by investigation, an interaction of total QAS by patrol and total enforcement hours, total QAS by response to citizen notification, total QAS by stakeout, and effort showed the greatest association with the dependent variable. To a lesser degree, agent rank, months of service, and whether the agent had been fired from previous employment were also shown to be associated with enforcement efficiency. Only one environmental attribute, the intensity of water recreation in the patrol area, was associated with enforcement efficiency. These results generally supported assumptions employed in the decision-aid system. ; Ph. D.

Intro -- Contents -- Preface -- Chapter 1. The United States Constitution and Federal Police Power -- Chapter 2. Federal Law Enforcement Takes Root in America (1700s-1850s) -- Chapter 3. Go West, Young Man (1860-1920s) -- Chapter 4. Hoover's G-men Come of Age -- Chapter 5. Overshadowed but Not Forgotten (Other Treasury and Justice Agencies) -- Chapter 6. The Inspectors General (and the Battle Against Fraud, Waste, and Abuse) -- Chapter 7. And Then There Were 100 (The Rest of the Federal Law Enforcement Community) -- Chapter 8. Public Policy, Homeland Security, and the Future of Federal Law Enforcement -- Appendix A: Chapters of the Federal Criminal Code -- Appendix B: Majority and Dissenting Opinions Containing Principle Arguments for and Against Broad Federal Police Power from the Landmark Case of U.S. v. Lopez (1995) -- Appendix C: Partial List of Federal Law Enforcement Agencies and Types of Officers They Employ -- Appendix D: Table of Contents of the USA PATRIOT Act -- Appendix E: Selected Events in the Chronology of Federal Law Enforcement -- Notes -- Selected Bibliography -- Index -- About the Author.