Suchergebnisse

This study aimed to report current knowledge and opinions of midwives regarding natural birth. Cross-sectional data were collected from 213 midwives. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Chi-square test. Midwives' mean age and work experience were 37.85±5.81 and 18.36±6.49 years, respectively. Midwives assisted in normal births (65.3%), C-sections (33.3%) and natural births (1.6%), and indicated that the C-section is the riskiest birth (72.3%). Only 35% of midwives had received childbirth preparation classes training. Many midwives did not know about natural birth at all (21.2%) or about preparations for natural birth (41.7%). The midwives supported normal and natural births and believed such births to be healthy, but were not knowledgeable regarding natural birth and preparations for natural birth, and continued conventional birth practices.

Although there are many types of transportation used in foreign trade, maritime transportation is great importance. In the globalizing world, the foreign trades between countries have started to become more common and maritime transport has become one of the main actors. Transportation demand increases in this area even more the fact that it is a cheaper, reliable and environmentally friendly. However, economic crises in the world and increases in sea freight prices can affect maritime transport. This situation can affect not only maritime transport but also the economic situation of countries. The aim of this study is to examine the relations between gross domestic product (GDP) and maritime exports, maritime imports and the construction sector (which is one of the most important economic dynamics of the country), due to the decline in maritime transport in Turkey in recent years. The data for the last years used in the research were obtained from the Turkish Statistical Institute (TSI). The stationarity levels of the data were analyzed with unit root statistics tests. Since all series are stationary at I(1) level, Granger causality method is preferred. As a result, GDP is the Granger cause of maritime exports, maritime imports and the construction industry but no correlation could be established between maritime imports with other data. Also, the construction industry is the Granger cause of maritime exports.

Kurumsallaşmanın önemli bir adımı olan şirketleşme, faaliyet alanını genişletmek, vergisel avantajlardan yararlanmak, daha fazla fon kaynağı sağlayabilmek ve uluslararası markalaşmak gibi sebeplerden dolayı işletmeler için daha fazla önemli hale gelmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı 2015-2021 yılları arası istatistiki verilerden yararlanarak dünya ve Türkiye'deki şirketleşmeye ilişkin değişimi karşılaştırmalı analiz yöntemi kullanarak incelemektir. Veriler OECD Statistics, Eurostat, Statista, Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu (TÜİK), Türkiye Odalar ve Borsalar Birliği (TOBB) ve diğer kuruluşlardan elde edilmiştir. Dünyada şirketleşme ve şirket sayıları 2020 yılı hariç son yirmi yılda artarak devam etmektedir. KOBİ'lerde en hızlı yükseliş Polonya, büyük şirketlerde ise İsveç 'te meydana gelmiştir. Türkiye'de şirket sayısında son yedi yıldır kesintisiz bir artış vardır. Büyüklerine göre en fazla artış mikro ölçekli şirketlerde, türüne göre ise Anonim Şirketlerde gerçekleşmiştir. Kurulan şirket oranları ortalamasında Portekiz, kapanan şirket oranları ortalamasında ise Bulgaristan ilk sırada yer alırken Türkiye listedeki 30 ülke arasında kuruluşta 5. sırada, kapanmada ise 4. sıradadır. 1. ve 2. yılında şirket sağkalım oranlarında İsveç birinci sırada yer almaktadır. Türkiye listedeki 25 ülke arasında sırasıyla 14.ve 18. sıradadır. Türkiye'de en çok şirket sırasıyla toptan ve perakende ticaret, imalat ve inşaat faaliyetlerinde yer almaktadır. Türkiye'nin ciro ile ölçülen ve %10'dan fazla büyüme gösteren şirket sayısı azalma eğilimindedir. AB'de Türkiye'deki şirket tarafından kontrol edilen şirket sayısı artmaktadır. Türkiye'de en çok kurulan ve kapanan şirket türü sırasıyla limited ve anonim şirkettir. Kurulan yabancı sermayeli şirketlerde yabancı sermaye oranının genelde azalma eğiliminde olduğu belirlenmiştir.

A phenomenological approach was adopted in this study, which aimed to obtain detailed information about the profiles of individuals who consume coffee. Qualitative research design was used in the research, and semi-structured interview questions were asked to the participants as a data collection tool. Maximum variation sampling method, one of the non-probabilistic sampling methods, was used as the data collection method in the study. 30 female and 30 male coffee consumers were included in the study. In the semi-structured interview form, the participants; Questions about the meaning they attribute to coffee, coffee consumption preferences and coffee consumption routines are included. Content analysis was used in the data analysis process in the research, and coding and mapping were done in Maxqda 20 statistics program. As a result of the research, it was determined that the participants mostly consumed coffee in chat environments, and they suggested rest and socialization as the reason for coffee consumption. It was concluded that the participants mostly consumed Turkish coffee and filter coffee, and they consumed their coffee mostly in chain enterprises. The most distinctive features that the participants look for in businesses that offer coffee are calmness, ambiance, and comfort. It is seen that the participants most frequently answered the question about who/with whom they consumed their coffee, with their friends or loved ones. Most of the participants; They stated that they do not know the characteristics of the bean used in the coffee they drink, that they will not make a special trip for coffee consumption, that they will not bear high costs for coffee, and that they are not open to new flavors in coffee. Finally, they stated that they consumed their coffee mostly in their leisure time.