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ABSTRACTThe problem this paper deals with is the selection of an optimal study program or curriculum, tailored to an individual student, by maximizing educational potential. Educational potential in a subject area is defined as a non‐linear function of the number of courses taken in the respective subject area. Parameters of the educational potential function include a type of learner parameter, a type of teaching parameter, and a subject area parameter. The latter is a function of the number of courses available in the subject area.The educational potential or learning function is based on a body of empirical data accumulated by experimental psychologists, and has the shape of a stretched‐out letter S.The optimal study program is obtained by finding the maximum sum of the subject areas' educational potentials. The technique used to find this maximum sum is called dynamic programming. A computer program was written to perform the solution procedure on a digital computer.

A philosopher asserts that area specialization is related to the generalizing approach of economics, political science, and sociology, and to the more traditional analyses of history and anthropology. He examines the meaning of policy-oriented or operational research. Finally Professor Olafson, of Harvard University, declares that the historical and environmental (geographic) sciences provide the best foundation for research, including interdisciplinary research.

In these times there are many serious reasons to create a new study programs. University of Zilina, has many long-term experience with subjects military transport and transport in crisis or dangerous situation.

Implementation of ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) in December 2015 brings the impact and substantial changes to the management of higher education, especially Postgraduate Program of University of Riau. Even though the development of a postgraduate study program is a demand, but in practice must refer to the Law on Higher Education and the Regulation of the Minister concerned. The government with all of its authorities restructures the higher education system to avoid implementation of higher education institution that does not comply with applicable regulations. The most principle aspects in the development and management of studies program at the University of Riau are associated to (a) the development of educational infrastructures and facilities (b) home-base lecturers (c) curriculum, and (d) the achievement of accreditation. The competition appeared between public and private university has become an open competition, including with other universities abroad. Students can choose a study program based on qualifications and reputation earned by each institution without distinguishing public or private, domestic or foreign university. The open competition will bring a real impact on the university's existence in the future. Policy of development and establishment of study program has to be done by comprehensive evaluation because reputation and competency of graduates are not enough with the educational process, but it should also establish cooperation with abroad institutions that can raise its rating and existence as a provider of qualified higher education. Therefore, various conditions relating to the educational process, quality, recognition of the business world and others should be a forward concern.

Research grant/HUPS for Sociology Department from Udayana University utilized FGD to frame up the political education utilized by internship and learning via text book of 'Political Parties Accountability' published in 2015 at FISIP Unud that is compared with general lecture delivered by Nazrina Zuryani1) as guest lecturer at Bina Nusantara International (communication Department) in Jakarta. Bina Nusantara International University has not Faculty of Social and Political Sciences as in UNUD but all the students get double degree with overseas universities and Communication department belongs to Faculty of Computing and Media of Binus International. Political education at Sociology department of UNUD has not yet increase the critical thinking of students by argumentation while Binus International urge their students to be more critical for any social changes and global politics. Utilizing the organizational of political parties by Basedeau dan Stroh (2008), as well as the critics from Heywood (2013) who said that political parties have not yet successfully implementing politic of education for people especially the youth. This research is the result of comparing the political education that has been minor in critical thinking at Sociology department at Unud Bali but in contrary, it becomes a major critical thinking for global politics topic at Binus International in Jakarta. Both participants of Focus Group Discussion/FGD were 26 students and 21 students for general lecture. Almost 85% of FGD participants had undertaking subject of Political Sociology while participants of 'Political Globalization' never undertaking it. The result of FGD shows that most of students unaware of global politics as they focus only at subjects' correlations while at Binus International, the general lecture participants shows the ability to synthesize the social and political engineering to face the dilemma of right wings that now are pandemic in the global world.

The Advanced Study Program of the Brookings Institution may be the largest continuing seminar on public policy in the United States, if not the world.Is the American Constitutional system adequate to the needs of contemporary society?Is the American system of government dominated by "special interests"?Do "limits to growth" threaten to bring about increasing conflict among income groups in the United States?Is the decline in economic productivity a threat to the international security of the United States?What are the strengths and weaknesses of supply side economics?What are the implications of the growth of the service economy for the various regions of the United States?What are the relationships and tradeoffs among energy policy, inflation, environmental objectives, and regulatory policy?What are the ethical implications of major public policies?Each year, these and similar questions are explored in the approximately 100 seminars, conferences, and other educational programs conducted by the Advanced Study Program.

The article discusses the issues of forming a study program in the context of the process' compliance with the recommendations provided by Standards and Guidelines for Quality Assurance in the European Higher Education Area (ESG), which are relevant for Ukrainian higher education. The study achieved its goal: the main prerequisites for the formation of the study program (SP) were analyzed, its structural and semantic parameters were determined, and a step-by-step model of concluding a quality study program in accordance with the ESG guidelines was suggested. The search for the materials on which the study was based was conducted using the following databases: scientometric (Scopus, Web of Science), the information system (online platform) of the National Agency for Quality Assurance in Higher Education (NAQA), and the "Legislation of Ukraine" database. Quantitative methods included an online questionnaire, qualitative methods included system analysis, and other comparative method were used. Due to the contradictions between the interpretations of the concepts at the level of legislation and internal regulations, a definition of the "formation of the study program" concept is suggested. The components of the SP formation process, the resources required for the formation of the quality SP, and an analysis of positive and negative practices from the NAQA accreditation procedure experience, based on which the optimal model of the SP as a dynamic system based on ESG guidelines was developed, which has a functional character and is based on theoretical generalization of the latest approaches and real cases of Ukrainian HEIs, were discussed.

The purpose of this article is to understand how Triple Helix linkages foster study program innovation at the micro-level and how the entrepreneurial university shapes support structures and processes to foster this innovation at the meso-level. We draw on the case of cooperative study programs from a German university of applied sciences. We selected business administration and nursing as two different disciplinary examples. Cooperative study programs are delivered partly at university and partly in industry and illustrate the hybridity that shapes the knowledge transfer at a university. Our study draws on semi-structured interviews with professors, industry representatives, students and policy makers as well as on pertinent documents. Our data show that Triple-Helix interactions generate program innovations and, depending on the discipline, have a focus on a Double Helix. In addition, the study shows the processes and their limitations by which teaching is transferred in partnership with industry in the entrepreneurial university context.