Suchergebnisse

The fiscal performance of the States in India has been an area of concern for quite some time. The Twelfth Finance Commission (TFC) recommended a three-pronged strategy to alleviate States' fiscal distress, built around greater orientation toward market discipline, incentives for fiscal consolidation targets, and commitment to fiscal correction. We find that States have created fiscal space through raising revenues and reducing and reprioritizing expenditures. Looking ahead, expansion of fiscal space is essential to meet the States' large infrastructure and social needs in order to alleviate b

Providing a unified and comprehensive treatment of the theory and techniques of sub-national population estimation, this much-needed publication does more than collate disparate source material. It examines hitherto unexplored methodological links between differing types of estimation from both the demographic and sample-survey traditions and is a self-contained primer that combines academic rigor with a wealth of real-world examples that are useful models for demographers. Between censuses, which are expensive, administratively complex, and thus infrequent, demographers and government officials must estimate population using either demographic modeling techniques or statistical surveys that sample a fraction of residents. These estimates play a central role in vital decisions that range from funding allocations and rate-setting to education, health and housing provision. They also provide important data to companies undertaking market research. However, mastering small-area and sub-national population estimation is complicated by scattered, incomplete and outdated academic sources—an issue this volume tackles head-on. Rapidly increasing population mobility is making inter-census estimation ever more important to strategic planners. This book will make the theory and techniques involved more accessible to anyone with an interest in developing or using population estimates.

"Without significant and lasting sociopolitical change, Chile is not expected to join the club of developed nations. The present essay contains a thorough examination of the subnational government reforms that are needed to increase efficiency in the provision of basic health, education, housing, and other semipublic or public services"--Handbook of Latin American Studies, v. 57

This book explores the role and status of local and regional authorities (also referred to as 'subnational authorities' or 'SNAs') in European Union law, and reveals the existence of two parallel yet opposed constitutional imaginations of the supranational legal order. Through a survey of various areas of EU law, including primary and secondary legislation, case law as well as various soft law instruments, Finck introduces two narratives. These are the 'outsider narrative' and the 'insider narrative' that frame these constitutional imaginations. According to the outsider narrative, the structure of the legal order is bi-centric, composed of the member states and the EU only. This narrative envisages SNAs as outsiders of EU law, whose interactions with Union law are merely of an indirect nature. However, in addition to this well-known account of EU law, a parallel yet distinct narrative can be identified according to which SNAs are insiders that entertain direct relations with the European Union and contribute to the substantive development of EU law. It is illustrated that the coexistence of both narratives has wider implications as it points towards a shift in the structure of the European legal order itself, which is transitioning from bi-centricity to polycentricity --Dust jacket

'Studien zur Rolle von Regionen in der EU-Politik konzentrierten sich bislang hauptsächlich auf die politische Aushandlung und Implementation von Strukturfonds. In diesem Beitrag möchten die Autoren diese Schieflage durch eine Untersuchung der formalen Rolle subnationaler Verwaltungen bei der Implementation von EU-Regulierungen, insbesondere bei der Umsetzung von Richtlinien, zurechtrücken. Subnationale Verwaltungen spielen eine zweitrangige, aber zunehmend wichtige Rolle bei der Anwendung dieser Maßnahmen. Ihr Einfluss ist relativ groß in der Umwelt- und Sozialpolitik, ebenso bei der Verhinderung von Korruption bei der Vergabe öffentlicher Aufträge. In dezentralen Staaten zeigt sich eine höhere Stufe subnationaler Einbindung, allerdings verringert sich durch die Beteiligung der Regionen an der nationalen Politik und durch eine hohe Anzahl an regionalen Verwaltungsbehörden die Wahrscheinlichkeit, subnationale Umsetzungsinitiativen zu finden. Außerdem ist die subnationale Einbindung stärker in Staaten mit regionalen Gebieten, die sowohl über eine gewählte Regierung als auch über eine spezielle Vereinbarung zu ihren EU-Beziehungen verfügen. Schließlich kann subnationale Einbindung zu einer Verlängerung des Umsetzungsprozesses führen.' (Autorenreferat)

This book moves away from the common belief that Japan's international relations are firmly the preserve of the national government in Japan's highly centralised political system. Examining examples of subnational governments (SNGs) across Japan the book uncovers a significant and generally unrecognised development in Japanese politics: SNGs are ever more dynamic international actors as national borders 'weaken' across the world. Exploring what Japanese SNGs do, where they do it, and why, the book considers the implications of these factors for Japan's international relations and domestic politics. By bringing to light the scope and consequences of the international actions of Japan's SNGs, this book provides a more accurate and nuanced understanding of the country's foreign policy, at a time when it is pursuing a broader and more active profile in international affairs.

This book explores the relationship between EU law and the member states' local and regional authorities. Through a survey of various areas of EU law, the book introduces two narratives of local and regional authorities in EU law. These narratives also point towards different conceptions of the European legal order itself.

This work explores the relationship between EU law and the member states' local and regional authorities. Through a survey of various areas of EU law, the text introduces two narratives of local and regional authorities in EU law. These narratives also point towards different conceptions of the European legal order itself

This book moves away from the common belief that Japan's international relations are firmly the preserve of the national government in Japan's highly centralised political system. Examining examples of subnational governments (SNGs) across Japan the book uncovers a significant and generally unrecognised development in Japanese politics: SNGs are ever more dynamic international actors as national borders 'weaken' across the world. Exploring what Japanese SNGs do, where they do it, and why, the book considers the implications of these factors for Japan's international relations and domestic politics. By bringing to light the scope and consequences of the international actions of Japan's SNGs, this book provides a more accurate and nuanced understanding of the country's foreign policy, at a time when it is pursuing a broader and more active profile in international affairs.

With globalization and the EU, local and regional government in member states have experienced dramatic changes in their operation, responsibilities and organizations. Loughlin presents an overview of the theory and practice of subnational government in France and a detailed examination of the outcomes