Suchergebnisse

In autumn 2009, Professor Raimund Vogels (Hochschule für Theater und Musik de Hannover) and I set up a Franco-German workshop analysing Musiques du Monde festivals. With around 15 PhD students from different universities, we carried out a comparative study of the Creole Weltmusik aus Deutschland festival (Berlin) and the Villes des Musiques du Monde (Seine-Saint-Denis) festival. I set out here two difficulties with this survey: one methodology, the other ontological. I favour two points of view, that of the researchers who are investigating and that of the cultural operators planning. This article does not seek to meet the ideal of completeness that makes many of the description operations ambitious. Here, the description test is reduced, depending on the Goodmanian non-exceedable objection, to a depiction test: we disagree with what we have learned in advance (Goodman, 1992: 11 et seq.). This article would like to contribute to a hermeneutical theory of festival analysis. While it shows that we are unable to build a general theory of festivals, he explains certain conditions for a fairer grasp of the challenges of a "world music festival" in this globalised world that we live in common. ; International audience ; In autumn 2009, Professor Raimund Vogels (Hochschule für Theater und Musik de Hannover) and I set up a Franco-German workshop analysing Musiques du Monde festivals. With around 15 PhD students from different universities, we carried out a comparative study of the Creole Weltmusik aus Deutschland festival (Berlin) and the Villes des Musiques du Monde (Seine-Saint-Denis) festival. I set out here two difficulties with this survey: one methodology, the other ontological. I favour two points of view, that of the researchers who are investigating and that of the cultural operators planning. This article does not seek to meet the ideal of completeness that makes many of the description operations ambitious. Here, the description test is reduced, depending on the Goodmanian non-exceedable objection, to a ...

Due to Covid-19 restrictions, surveys often could not be conducted in originally planned face-to-face mode, and switched to online modes or used different mixed-mode designs. A combination of CATI and CAPI was used for the Austrian ISSP survey on Environment 2020/2021 (N=1.261), which in the past had always been conducted face-to-face. Mixed-mode surveys facilitate field access in pandemic times and show potential to reduce non-response and coverage errors (desired selection effect). However, the combination of different modes comes along with a series of risks such as mode-effects causing bias due to measurement effects. From an analytical perspective, the challenge arising is to disentangle selection and measurement effects. Thus, we analyse differences in the factorial structure and response distributions of two social constructs using Bayesian multigroup confirmatory factor analysis and linear regression. These represent institutional trust and the willingness to sacrifice for environmental protection. The findings show support for scalar invariance and therefore the absence of CAPI vs. CATI mode-effects on the factorial structure for both constructs. However, despite adjusting for differences in sample composition we observe a higher average willingness within the CATI sample. Based on these results, we discuss implications for the interpretation of mode effects in mixed mode surveys.

Whether the quality of electoral survey methodology references in newpapers can be improved without governmental regulation is considered, looking at newspaper reports (n = 390) published between 1979 & 1997. It is demonstrated that after a small increase in methodological data included in these reports between 1979 & 1984, a certain stability was reached, but that the presentation of the methodology used was influenced by the identity of the pollster, the nationality of the sponsor, the interaction between experts & journalists, & the location of the survey. Comparisons are drawn between methodology articles that were government-regulated & those that were self-regulated, & it is contended that self-regulation worsens the quality of the methodological data presented, shifting it toward the interests of the publishers, pollsters, & journalists involved. 2 Tables, 2 Appendixes. Adapted from the source document.

This article questions the use of qualitative survey archives in the teaching of fieldwork in sociology and political science, by reporting on an experience carried out since 2013: the use of survey materials made available by the beQuali platform ("Banque d'Enquêtes qualitatives") of the Center for Socio-Political Data (CDSP, UMS 828 Sciences Po – CNRS), for "qualitative methodology" teaching (conducting interviews and observations, analyzing interview transcripts). BeQuali provides academic users not only with research materials (e.g., semi-directive, non-directive or collective interviews, observations.), but also with a large associated documentation that allows the scientific and methodological issues specific to each survey to be contextualized. We propose a review of our own experience of teaching qualitative methodologies based on the archives of some of these surveys. We present several teaching modules that we have run in recent years at Sciences Po Paris and the University of Paris 2, and examine the potential and limitations of such an approach for disciplines such as sociology or political science. Four major issues in the teaching of methods are identified: preparing students as well as possible for the execution of a fieldwork; supporting the learning of reflexivity; familiarizing with emotional distancing; approaching the practical issues of the analysis of data. ; Cet article questionne l'usage d'archives d'enquêtes qualitatives au soutien de l'enseignement de l'enquête de terrain en sociologie et science politique, en restituant une expérience accumulée depuis 2013: la mobilisation de matériaux proposés par la plateforme beQuali («Banque d'enquêtes qualitatives») du Centre de données sociopolitiques (CDSP, UMS828 Sciences Po-CNRS) pour des enseignements de «méthodologie qualitative» (réalisation d'entretiens et d'observations, analyse de transcriptions d'entretiens). BeQuali met à disposition des usagers académiques non seulement des matériaux de recherche (entretiens semi-directifs, non ...

Our study consists of carrying out a public survey to present the structures of sports opinion in mountain areas. This procedure makes it possible to observe the play of differences between practitioners in how to announce when discussing the political guidelines for these tourist destinations. Structures are emerging that reveal the meta-symbols that organise the production of values that cannot be separated from the sporting uses of the mountains. The issue at stake is the transformation of policy with a view to better integrating the public into decision-making procedures and a re-examination of the investigative techniques usually carried out in political science. ; International audience In the framework of the theory of social conflicts developed by J. P. Pages, we have done resarch on pratice of mountain sports. We first develope the structure of opinions on sports in the mountains with the objective of understanding the interplay between these opinions in the management of that space of pratice. Beyond the presentation of the explanatory variables for these differences. The article presents the theoritical framework and methodology used in this particular survey. As part of the constructivist perspective, the construction of opinion questionnaires requires the mastery on a particular methodological procedure that is also presented here. ; Our study consists of carrying out a public survey to present the structures of sports opinion in mountain areas. This procedure makes it possible to observe the play of differences between practitioners in how to announce when discussing the political guidelines for these tourist destinations. Structures are emerging that reveal the meta-symbols that organise the production of values that cannot be separated from the sporting uses of the mountains. The issue at stake is the transformation of policy with a view to better integrating the public into decision-making procedures and a re-examination of the investigative techniques usually carried out in political science. ...

The youth of Lebanon, as elsewhere, are experiencing difficulties when seeking a job.However,the context is specific, since the country is experiencing economic problems, which must beadded the local political conflicts and a community and religious complex situation. At thesame time, information technology and communication (ICT) appear in speeches and multipleprojects as sources of new opportunities for the individual. For new uses and modes ofsocialization and skills they induce, they transform the professional and domestic activityorganization in different dimensions, as well as the human capital needs of the labormarket. The objectives raised then are research to what extent the use of ICT could have apositive impact on the socio-professional integration of young Lebanese. To answer thisquestion, this thesis provides a survey methodology and analysis based on the paradigm ofeconomies of scale issued from the work of Boltanski, Thévenot, and Chiapello. It analyzes thediscourses of actors concerned by the issue of professional and social integration in ourspecific context, and technology practices of the considered public. ; Les jeunes du Liban, comme partout ailleurs, connaissent des difficultés lorsqu'il s'agit dechercher un travail. Le contexte est cependant spécifique, puisque le pays connait desproblèmes économiques, auxquels il faut ajouter les conflits politiques locaux et une situationcommunautaire et confessionnelle complexes. Dans le même temps, les technologies del'information et de la communication (TIC) apparaissent dans des discours et des projetsmultiples comme sources de nouvelles opportunités pour l'individu. Par les nouveaux usageset modes de socialisation qu'elles induisent et les compétences qu'elles délivrent, ellestransforment l'organisation de l'activité professionnelle et domestique sous différentesdimensions, ainsi que les besoins en capital humain du marché de l'emploi. Les objectifs poséssont alors de savoir dans quelle mesure l'usage des TIC pourrait avoir un impact positif ...

The youth of Lebanon, as elsewhere, are experiencing difficulties when seeking a job.However,the context is specific, since the country is experiencing economic problems, which must beadded the local political conflicts and a community and religious complex situation. At thesame time, information technology and communication (ICT) appear in speeches and multipleprojects as sources of new opportunities for the individual. For new uses and modes ofsocialization and skills they induce, they transform the professional and domestic activityorganization in different dimensions, as well as the human capital needs of the labormarket. The objectives raised then are research to what extent the use of ICT could have apositive impact on the socio-professional integration of young Lebanese. To answer thisquestion, this thesis provides a survey methodology and analysis based on the paradigm ofeconomies of scale issued from the work of Boltanski, Thévenot, and Chiapello. It analyzes thediscourses of actors concerned by the issue of professional and social integration in ourspecific context, and technology practices of the considered public. ; Les jeunes du Liban, comme partout ailleurs, connaissent des difficultés lorsqu'il s'agit dechercher un travail. Le contexte est cependant spécifique, puisque le pays connait desproblèmes économiques, auxquels il faut ajouter les conflits politiques locaux et une situationcommunautaire et confessionnelle complexes. Dans le même temps, les technologies del'information et de la communication (TIC) apparaissent dans des discours et des projetsmultiples comme sources de nouvelles opportunités pour l'individu. Par les nouveaux usageset modes de socialisation qu'elles induisent et les compétences qu'elles délivrent, ellestransforment l'organisation de l'activité professionnelle et domestique sous différentesdimensions, ainsi que les besoins en capital humain du marché de l'emploi. Les objectifs poséssont alors de savoir dans quelle mesure l'usage des TIC pourrait avoir un impact positif surl'insertion socio-professionnelle du jeune libanais. Pour répondre à cette question, cet ouvragepropose une méthodologie d'enquête et d'analyse basée sur le paradigme des économies de lagrandeur tiré des travaux de Boltanski, Thévenot, et Chiapello. Il analyse les discoursd'acteurs concernés par la problématique de l'insertion professionnelle et sociale dans notrecontexte précis, ainsi que les pratiques technologiques du public étudié.

This thesis analyses the sociolinguistic representations of the Irish language and its learning among secondary school students in Galway, in the Republic of Ireland. The role given to schooling is central for the transmission of this minority language, threatened by English ; thus, it seems particularly appropriate to take into account the sociolinguistic representations shared by the Irish youth in order to understand to which degree compulsory learning can play its role and help the Irish language to survive. The first chapter puts the Irish sociolinguistic situation into a diachronic perspective andgoes on to present the theory of representations as well as the methodology. The questionnaire survey, which took place in four secondary schools and involved 356 students aged 12 to 18 years, is the object of the second chapter ; it tries to identify the representations and to evaluate their potential influence on the attitudes, motivation and future linguistic behaviour of the learners. To complete this main survey, two ethnographic studies are presented in the third chapter : they explore the links between the representations expressed by the studentsand schoolbook discourses, as well as between representations and media discourses (TV andcinema). The conclusion will give the opportunity, on the basis of our results, to makesuggestions concerning educational language policies and aiming to improve therepresentations, and consequently the chances of survival of Irish. ; Cette thèse analyse les représentations sociolinguistiques de l'irlandais et de son apprentissage chez des élèves dans l'enseignement secondaire à Galway, en République d'Irlande. Le rôle de l'école est central pour la transmission de cette langue minoritaire menacée par l'anglais ; la prise en compte des représentations sociolinguistiques partagées par les jeunes Irlandais est tout indiquée pour comprendre dans quelle mesure l'apprentissage obligatoire peut jouer son rôle et permettre la survie de la langue. La première partie place la situation ...

This thesis analyses the sociolinguistic representations of the Irish language and its learning among secondary school students in Galway, in the Republic of Ireland. The role given to schooling is central for the transmission of this minority language, threatened by English ; thus, it seems particularly appropriate to take into account the sociolinguistic representations shared by the Irish youth in order to understand to which degree compulsory learning can play its role and help the Irish language to survive. The first chapter puts the Irish sociolinguistic situation into a diachronic perspective andgoes on to present the theory of representations as well as the methodology. The questionnaire survey, which took place in four secondary schools and involved 356 students aged 12 to 18 years, is the object of the second chapter ; it tries to identify the representations and to evaluate their potential influence on the attitudes, motivation and future linguistic behaviour of the learners. To complete this main survey, two ethnographic studies are presented in the third chapter : they explore the links between the representations expressed by the studentsand schoolbook discourses, as well as between representations and media discourses (TV andcinema). The conclusion will give the opportunity, on the basis of our results, to makesuggestions concerning educational language policies and aiming to improve therepresentations, and consequently the chances of survival of Irish. ; Cette thèse analyse les représentations sociolinguistiques de l'irlandais et de son apprentissage chez des élèves dans l'enseignement secondaire à Galway, en République d'Irlande. Le rôle de l'école est central pour la transmission de cette langue minoritaire menacée par l'anglais ; la prise en compte des représentations sociolinguistiques partagées par les jeunes Irlandais est tout indiquée pour comprendre dans quelle mesure l'apprentissage obligatoire peut jouer son rôle et permettre la survie de la langue. La première partie place la situation ...

This thesis analyses the sociolinguistic representations of the Irish language and its learning among secondary school students in Galway, in the Republic of Ireland. The role given to schooling is central for the transmission of this minority language, threatened by English ; thus, it seems particularly appropriate to take into account the sociolinguistic representations shared by the Irish youth in order to understand to which degree compulsory learning can play its role and help the Irish language to survive. The first chapter puts the Irish sociolinguistic situation into a diachronic perspective andgoes on to present the theory of representations as well as the methodology. The questionnaire survey, which took place in four secondary schools and involved 356 students aged 12 to 18 years, is the object of the second chapter ; it tries to identify the representations and to evaluate their potential influence on the attitudes, motivation and future linguistic behaviour of the learners. To complete this main survey, two ethnographic studies are presented in the third chapter : they explore the links between the representations expressed by the studentsand schoolbook discourses, as well as between representations and media discourses (TV andcinema). The conclusion will give the opportunity, on the basis of our results, to makesuggestions concerning educational language policies and aiming to improve therepresentations, and consequently the chances of survival of Irish. ; Cette thèse analyse les représentations sociolinguistiques de l'irlandais et de son apprentissage chez des élèves dans l'enseignement secondaire à Galway, en République d'Irlande. Le rôle de l'école est central pour la transmission de cette langue minoritaire menacée par l'anglais ; la prise en compte des représentations sociolinguistiques partagées par les jeunes Irlandais est tout indiquée pour comprendre dans quelle mesure l'apprentissage obligatoire peut jouer son rôle et permettre la survie de la langue. La première partie place la situation ...

English version of the paper. ; In most countries, national statistical offices periodically run large surveys that provide outstanding insights on several subjects: social, economic, health, cultural, political. In many cases, this data is only used to produce nationally aggregated indicators that feed international statistical portals (WDGs, SDGs, World Bank, WHO, United Nations…). However, it is possible to do much more with the raw data collected during these surveys: calculate other indicators, cross different variables, run analysis for subnational areas, as well as more sophisticated analysis. This survey data is accessible to scholars, students, policy makers or practitioners and is most useful for the appraisal, monitoring and evaluation of development projects, programs and public policies. We first describe the typology of data generally available in developing countries, its possible uses and how to obtain it. Then we provide detailed guidelines on how to analyze it, using the survey package, available for R, a free and open source statistical software. We illustrate the step by step procedure for survey data processing using Democratic Republic of the Congo as an example: several surveys of different type and from different dates (MICS 2010, 1-2-3 2012 and DHS 2014) are analyzed to understand the levels and trends of access to drinking water, in particular in the Kinshasa megacity. ; Les enquêtes menées périodiquement par les instituts nationaux de la statistique dans la plupart des pays du monde couvrent des thèmes très divers : sociaux, économiques, sanitaires, culturels et politiques. Sous-exploitées, ces enquêtes ne sont souvent traduites qu'en quelques grands indicateurs agrégées au niveau national, qui alimentent les portails statistiques internationaux (OMD/ODD, Banque mondiale, Organisation mondiale de la santé, Nations Unies…). Cette utilisation reste très limitée, en comparaison aux multiples calculs d'indicateurs, croisements de variables et périmètres d'analyse que permettent les données ...

English version of the paper. ; In most countries, national statistical offices periodically run large surveys that provide outstanding insights on several subjects: social, economic, health, cultural, political. In many cases, this data is only used to produce nationally aggregated indicators that feed international statistical portals (WDGs, SDGs, World Bank, WHO, United Nations…). However, it is possible to do much more with the raw data collected during these surveys: calculate other indicators, cross different variables, run analysis for subnational areas, as well as more sophisticated analysis. This survey data is accessible to scholars, students, policy makers or practitioners and is most useful for the appraisal, monitoring and evaluation of development projects, programs and public policies. We first describe the typology of data generally available in developing countries, its possible uses and how to obtain it. Then we provide detailed guidelines on how to analyze it, using the survey package, available for R, a free and open source statistical software. We illustrate the step by step procedure for survey data processing using Democratic Republic of the Congo as an example: several surveys of different type and from different dates (MICS 2010, 1-2-3 2012 and DHS 2014) are analyzed to understand the levels and trends of access to drinking water, in particular in the Kinshasa megacity. ; Les enquêtes menées périodiquement par les instituts nationaux de la statistique dans la plupart des pays du monde couvrent des thèmes très divers : sociaux, économiques, sanitaires, culturels et politiques. Sous-exploitées, ces enquêtes ne sont souvent traduites qu'en quelques grands indicateurs agrégées au niveau national, qui alimentent les portails statistiques internationaux (OMD/ODD, Banque mondiale, Organisation mondiale de la santé, Nations Unies…). Cette utilisation reste très limitée, en comparaison aux multiples calculs d'indicateurs, croisements de variables et périmètres d'analyse que permettent les données détaillées collectées lors de ces enquêtes. Ces bases de données brutes sont pourtant accessibles aux chercheurs, étudiants, décideurs ou praticiens et elles permettent par exemple d'éclairer la conception, le suivi et l'évaluation de projets, programmes et politiques publique. Après avoir décrit les utilisations possibles pour des interventions de développement, ce document décrit où et comment obtenir ces données et la manière de les analyser, grâce au package survey, disponible sur R, un logiciel statistique libre et gratuit. La démarche d'analyse est illustrée par l'exemple de la République Démocratique du Congo où des enquêtes de nature différentes (MICS 2010, 1-2-3 2012 et DHS2014) permettent de mieux comprendre les caractéristiques et l'évolution de l'accès à l'eau, enparticulier dans la mégalopole de Kinshasa.

English version of the paper. ; In most countries, national statistical offices periodically run large surveys that provide outstanding insights on several subjects: social, economic, health, cultural, political. In many cases, this data is only used to produce nationally aggregated indicators that feed international statistical portals (WDGs, SDGs, World Bank, WHO, United Nations…). However, it is possible to do much more with the raw data collected during these surveys: calculate other indicators, cross different variables, run analysis for subnational areas, as well as more sophisticated analysis. This survey data is accessible to scholars, students, policy makers or practitioners and is most useful for the appraisal, monitoring and evaluation of development projects, programs and public policies. We first describe the typology of data generally available in developing countries, its possible uses and how to obtain it. Then we provide detailed guidelines on how to analyze it, using the survey package, available for R, a free and open source statistical software. We illustrate the step by step procedure for survey data processing using Democratic Republic of the Congo as an example: several surveys of different type and from different dates (MICS 2010, 1-2-3 2012 and DHS 2014) are analyzed to understand the levels and trends of access to drinking water, in particular in the Kinshasa megacity. ; Les enquêtes menées périodiquement par les instituts nationaux de la statistique dans la plupart des pays du monde couvrent des thèmes très divers : sociaux, économiques, sanitaires, culturels et politiques. Sous-exploitées, ces enquêtes ne sont souvent traduites qu'en quelques grands indicateurs agrégées au niveau national, qui alimentent les portails statistiques internationaux (OMD/ODD, Banque mondiale, Organisation mondiale de la santé, Nations Unies…). Cette utilisation reste très limitée, en comparaison aux multiples calculs d'indicateurs, croisements de variables et périmètres d'analyse que permettent les données détaillées collectées lors de ces enquêtes. Ces bases de données brutes sont pourtant accessibles aux chercheurs, étudiants, décideurs ou praticiens et elles permettent par exemple d'éclairer la conception, le suivi et l'évaluation de projets, programmes et politiques publique. Après avoir décrit les utilisations possibles pour des interventions de développement, ce document décrit où et comment obtenir ces données et la manière de les analyser, grâce au package survey, disponible sur R, un logiciel statistique libre et gratuit. La démarche d'analyse est illustrée par l'exemple de la République Démocratique du Congo où des enquêtes de nature différentes (MICS 2010, 1-2-3 2012 et DHS2014) permettent de mieux comprendre les caractéristiques et l'évolution de l'accès à l'eau, enparticulier dans la mégalopole de Kinshasa.

An investigation of holistic phenomena (collective or social identities), informed by the social identity theory work of H. Tajfel & J. C. Turner, draws on 6 population surveys conducted 1988-1991 of Ss (N = 6,000) in the Belgian region of Walloon. Wallobarometer surveys are based on a specific operationalization of processual collective identity, ie, a complex concept measured at the individual level -- but part of the projects of social actors, & understood independent of outward appearances. A sociopolitically sensitive method for analyzing variation in groups & classes in one society, survey research can also be applied to macrosocial studies of historical issues. Further implications for survey research are explored, focusing on the greater realism provided by microsocial behavior theories. 5 Tables. Adapted from the source document.