Suchergebnisse

The authors consider one of the aspects of the socio-cultural integration of migrants into the host society. The integration of migrants is interpreted by a wide range of scientists as the process of including newly arrived in various spheres of life of the host society. Usually, there are three to four such spheres. Access of migrants to housing in the host country is an important indicator of integration in the socio-economic sphere. As a rule, in Russian and foreign studies, access to housing is assessed through a comparative analysis of the living conditions of migrants and the host population. However, access to housing and housing conditions are not exactly the same thing. Rather, access implies the potential for housing. To assess such a possibility, an experimental method that allows the researcher to test various hypotheses and control the variables of interest is more suitable than a mass survey or available statistical data.

The article contributes to the methodology for studying migrants' access to housing in the host country. It proposes a new approach to its assessment and presents the first results of its approbation. In the course of the experiment carried out by the authors, the influence of the citizenship of potential tenants on access to high-quality and low-quality housing in Moscow was measured, as well as the willingness of landlords to register migrants on their property.

Significant differences in the access of migrants from different CIS countries to renting Moscow accommodation were revealed. The most loyal attitude is towards Belarusians and Ukrainians, the least preferable are immigrants from Central Asia, especially citizens of Tajikistan. In addition, it was found that all groups of migrants are seriously limited in their ability to obtain a valid migration registration due to the unwillingness of the owners of residential premises to fulfil their obligations to "register" foreign tenants. This obviously impedes their integration in the political and legal sphere of the host society, since a foreign citizen in the Russian Federation without a genuine document on migration registration, even with all other permits, is a person with an unregulated legal status.

This article presents the results of a robotic survey conducted by the Laboratory for Social Research Methodology (Institute for Social Analysis and Forecasting, RANEPA) with support from Voice Communication and the Social Validation. The goal of the survey was to select rural residents from an all-Russian sample. The 599 collected phone numbers were identified by the robot as rural. In order to accomplish this task, 64623 numbers were dialed, in 7310 cases connection was made and in 2703 cases the subscribers were asked the first question. Afterwards out of all identified cases (rural/city residents or "status not determined"), 300 were selected in order to conduct further encoding and listen to audio recordings. All of the respondents' answers were divided into two groups: coded (or having single-valued correspondence with the proposed closures), and non-coded, which the robot was supposed to fix. Five types of non-coded answers were identified: extended answer, question interruption, counter-question, alternative notice and a service frame. For each type of non-coded answer options for fixing and improving the script of the robotic questionnaire were proposed.

The article presents a survey on the history of the Western studies within historical materialism framework starting from the end of the 19th century at the general background of the fate of the Western Marxism and its crisis after the collapse of socialism. The author shows the waves of the Western Marxists' attenuating and increasing interest in historical materialism. The article also studies academic and intellectual merits of historical materialism. The author argues that the methodology of historical materialism has many valuable findings and conclusions. A peculiar attention is paid to Marx's conclusion that the changing developmental level of productive forces inevitably leads to changes in all other spheres of societal life; moreover, these changes proceeds far from automatically and immediately but via the resolution of structural and systemic crisis in a society. The author makes a conclusion that today one can hardly work within the framework of historical materialism conception since many of its postulates should be revised. On the other hand, today the fate of historical materialism and Marxism is defined by a certain paradox: its influence increases along with the merge with other theories, therefore they, nevertheless, continue to exist. There are defined three directions within social science which are clearly associated with historical materialism. Since it has become a part of the general intellectual legacy one can figuratively speak about its genetic drift.

This article analyzes the stability dynamic of Russian households over the last two decades, as well as its determinants. The methodology used for measuring stability is that which is being developed by intergovernmental bodies such as The United Nations (UN) and the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). The empirical base of the study consists of data from the Russian Longitudinal Monitoring Survey (RLMS–HSE). The acquired results speak to the viability of Russian households: families' average real capita income, after decreasing twofold during the crisis period (1994– 1998), not only recovered and returned to pre-reform values, but even exceeded the latter by one third during the period of rapid growth (2000–2007). Strategies for increasing the stability potential of households change depending on economic recessions and upsurges. It is shown that a decline in the proportion of households with income below minimal cost of living during growth of GDP was accompanied by an increasing inequality in stable development potential between the poor and the more wealthy families throughout the entire examined period, and especially from 2008 to 2017. Scattered local measures aimed at reducing poverty can result in a more pronounced synergetic effect, if we were to view households with income below minimal cost of living as a complex socio-economic system.

The article analyzes the dynamics of perception of the migration situation by the host population in the Republic of Mordovia. Public opinion is being monitored on potential problems created by immigrants when moving to the region, on their impact on ethno-confessional relations and the social and criminogenic situation.
The empirical base included the results of annual regional sociological studies of the ethno-confessional and migration situation conducted in the period 2021–2023. The sociological survey was conducted in accordance with the Methodological Recommendations for Conducting Sociological Research in the subjects of the Russian Federation proposed by the Federal Agency for Nationalities of the Russian Federation (FADN of Russia). This methodology makes it possible to carry out sociological monitoring of key indicators of the state of ethno-confessional relations and migration processes in the Russian Federation. The volume of the sample population was n = 700 people, the representative features were gender, age, place of residence and nationality. As a tool for collecting primary information, a quantitative method was used — an individual face-to-face interview at the respondent's place of residence using a paper questionnaire (PAPI).
It was revealed that in Mordovia, the attitude towards immigrants is gradually changing: the share of the population concerned about the problems of competition in the labor market, the deterioration of ethno-confessional relations, experiencing anxiety from the presence of migrant workers is decreasing. It is determined that the presence of immigrants in the region does not provoke an aggravation of ethnic conflicts and the idea of restricting/reducing the entry of migrants is becoming less popular.
The author concludes that the attitude of the receiving population to immigrants is determined by the level of socio-economic development of the region.

The purpose of this article is to describe the idea of forming a new paradigm of socio-demographic policy based on the core «family-work balance». Today, it is no longer enough to talk about the family-work balance policy as an integral part of the State socio-demographic policy. A new social contract between the State and the population on the disposal of time as the main resource for each person is necessary. We need a new social contract on the time use by various social groups, primarily by employees with family responsibilities. Basing on statistical and GIS methods, the author used the data from Rosstat, Moscow Department of Labor and Social Protection, survey data. Changing the approaches to assessment of the social policy results is a prerequisite for its integrated formation and implementation. The article provides eight arguments for the timeliness of changing the paradigm of the socio-demographic policy in Russia. Four ways of socio-demographic policy measuring by time units are given: calculating the equivalent of cash payments and social support services by time units; assessment of walking or transport accessibility to social institutions and the workplace by time units; duration of service receipt; estimation of working hours of parents in the sphere of professional employment. This approach will open new opportunities for cooperation with the population in the issue of demographic development and labor market regulation; it will mitigate the challenges related to the population aging and expansion of the care economy, improve the quality of life of the entire population, including people with family responsibilities. It will stimulate formation of a social system comfortable for people with a high level of human capital, aimed at combining professional and family responsibilities. The author discusses the sources of information that can be used in the new methodology for measuring policy outcomes. The article provides examples of calculations in measuring socio-demographic policy by time.