Suchergebnisse

"Stressing common features of motives and values, an attempt is made to outline a general and parsimonious taxonomy for classifying motives by borrowing from Schwartz' (1992) value theory. This is achieved by applying two basic dimensions found in value research to the structural analysis of motives. The tenability of this approach is tested by analyzing multitrait-multimethod matrices of different motivational indicators by means of multidimensional scaling. Results support the hypothesized distinction and structure of stable motivational domains." (author's abstract)

The core of the chapter consists of an overview of different types and approaches to school evaluation, geared to different conceptions of "quality" education. A taxonomy, in which various methods of school evaluation are related to the specific information providers and the specific audiences of each, is developed, as weIl as an overview of qualitative and quantitative methods. In a final section implementation issues and applicability in developing countries are discussed. (DIPF/Orig.).

"Although Johann Friedrich Blumenbach, a prominent German anthropologist of the Tate Enlightenment, promoted the idea of a natural equality of all men and opposed slavery, he developed a powerful hierarchical taxonomy that classified humankind and that has continued to affect public and scholarly debate on the subject up to the present. The following essay shows that the link between these two apparently contradictory concepts in Blumenbach's thought is to be found within an aesthetic perspective that was not the precursor but already a result of racist discourses of the period." (author's abstract)

"Here, we highlight aspects of Helmut Kohl's political leadership and self-presentation. First, we present a taxonomy of self-presentational styles, summarize some biographical aspects, and determine features of his assertive self-presentation in federal election campaigns. Then, we analyze defensive self-presentation with respect to the politics-and-money scandal that ended his political career. Finally, we discuss Kohl's leadership style. We concluded that Kohl's self-presentation never appeared tailored to be pleasant and appealing. With journalists, his interaction style was characterized by dominance and aggression. His demeanor lacked elements of self-doubt. He usually handled problems by 'sitting them out'." (author's abstract)

Digital platforms are information technology artifacts that erode established market structures by providing a digital interaction space for producers and consumers. Therefore, it is argued here that digital platforms inherently support digital divide. This potential, if not governed or made visible for the involved actors, can lead and is already leading to undesired societal and ethical consequences. To derive these insights, Information Systems (IS) perspective is enriched with the Information Ethics approach and terminology. This interdisciplinary view allows considering both the technical and the social side of the problem. The analysis of interactions and roles is performed using the four ethical issues identified by Mason as a general taxonomy of ethical concerns in IS context. The identified aspects offer insights on the potentials of digital platforms that fosters digital inequality. Power asymmetries between the digital platform and its users are identified, outlining their potential for manifestation of the digital divide.

Extends & applies the Dynamics of Contention (DOC) program of theory & research in contentious politics to argue that violent interactions provide opportunities for identification of strong mechanisms & processes that explain variable aggregate relations between repression & mobilization. Key elements of the DOC program are described, noting that it advances explanations for various types of phenomena. The focus is on collective violence that inflicts physical damage on persons/objects, involves two or more perpetrators, & results from coordination among persons who perform the violence. The taxonomy of violent episodes is explored, along with challenges presented by collective violence to the DOC program; DOC responses to them; the impact of broken negotiations; & implications for the analysis of relations between mobilization & repression. It is concluded that a mechanisms-processes view of explanation has the potential to overcome otherwise seemingly unmanageable problems. Although mechanisms conform to covering laws, it is necessary to recognize their regularities & the scales at which they operate. 3 Figures, 17 References. J. Lindroth

Extends & applies the Dynamics of Contention (DOC) program of theory & research in contentious politics to argue that violent interactions provide opportunities for identification of strong mechanisms & processes that explain variable aggregate relations between repression & mobilization. Key elements of the DOC program are described, noting that it advances explanations for various types of phenomena. The focus is on collective violence that inflicts physical damage on persons/objects, involves two or more perpetrators, & results from coordination among persons who perform the violence. The taxonomy of violent episodes is explored, along with challenges presented by collective violence to the DOC program; DOC responses to them; the impact of broken negotiations; & implications for the analysis of relations between mobilization & repression. It is concluded that a mechanisms-processes view of explanation has the potential to overcome otherwise seemingly unmanageable problems. Although mechanisms conform to covering laws, it is necessary to recognize their regularities & the scales at which they operate. 3 Figures, 17 References. J. Lindroth