Partindo de projeto formativo-investigativo, o processo de reflexividade coletiva de um grupo de professores foi registrado na forma escrita, possibilitando a identificação de indícios deste processo e seus determinantes e implicações mais evidentes. O objetivo da pesquisa foi compreender o processo de refle4xividade docente, por meio da análise crítica das narrativas dos professores envolvidos e identificar estratégias de formação potenciadoras do desenvolvimento das lógicas reflexivas dos participantes em sua busca coletiva para superarem dilemas cotidianos e concretizarem a construção colaborativa e partilhada do projeto político-pedagógico da escola. O projeto formativo desenvolve-se a partir de inquietações provocadas pelas diferentes perspectivas nas discussões em relação à possibilidade de mudança de concepção, estrutura, organização e currículo da escola. Os resultados indicam ser possível intervir intencionalmente nos processos de construção de conhecimento e desenvolvimento profissional e pessoal docentes promovendo um processo de reflexão compartilhado, sistemático e crítico centrado nas suas práticas e ações cotidianas.
This text presents partial results of a research in development that aims to identify the purposes of Algebra in the formation of teachers in the Normal School of São Paulo, from 1880 to 1930. In this text, in particular, it is considered a specific period of time frame of research: mid-1890s; and in order to analyse the first programs of this discipline for the training of primary teachers, documents such as legislation, a compendium of Algebra and programs of teaching of the normal and secondary course are mobilized. It was found that in this period the teaching of Algebra for the future teacher was more restricted than that offered in the secondary course. This reduced format of the regular school program may be associated with the duration of normal course studies, lower than the secondary course, but mainly, for the different purposes of the courses.
A temática desse estudo, que ganha destaque no cenário de baixa atratividade da carreira docente, discute os primeiros anos profissionais de uma professora da rede pública paulista. Os resultados indicam o trabalho sentido como gerador de desgaste emocional sendo este período vivido com dificuldade e com o desejo de abandonar a profissão. Após breve mapeamento das políticas existentes sobre a área apontam-se aspectos que merecem atenção do poder público como a criação de políticas sistemáticas de apoio e acolhida ao professor iniciante. Por fim, sugere-se a implantação de comunidades profissionais de aprendizagem, em que esses profissionais possam encontrar, quando necessário, recursos, orientação e aprimoramento profissional. ; The article discusses how a beginning teacher from São Paulo public education system feels and means her profession, a theme that is highlighted in the low attractiveness of the teaching profession scenario. The results indicate the work felt as emotional stress generator, being the initial years lived with difficulty and with a desire to leave the profession. After a brief mapping of existing policies to support beginning teachers, the study points to aspects that deserve attention from the government, like the creation of systematic supporting and welcoming policies to these professionals. Finally, it is suggested the implementation of professional learning communities where beginners can find, when needed, resources, guidance and professional development.
Este texto pretende apresentar reflexões resultantes de um estudo de doutorado focado na análise, por meio da pesquisa-ação, de projetos escolares de educação ambiental desenvolvidos a partir da formação continuada de professores em exercício, e suas contribuições na constituição de novos conhecimentos e procedimentos didático-pedagógicos para o estudo do ambiente e o exercício da cidadania. Visando à construção do olhar geocientífico na escola, os projetos de educação ambiental utilizaram diferentes práticas de campo para o (re)conhecimento do lugar de estudo associadas a recursos de sensoriamento remoto (imagens de satélite, fotos aéreas e mapas), objetivando a construção de uma visão integrada da realidade socioambiental a partir do estabelecimento de relações dialéticas entre o local e o global como suporte à análise de problemas, de suas repercussões e implicações em diferentes escalas de observação. O desenvolvimento dos projetos oportunizou a formação de professores-pesquisadores inovadores, críticos e reflexivos ante as realidades escolar e socioambiental. Além disso, propiciou aos alunos condições para observarem e conhecerem seu meio ambiente e o lugar em que vivem, refletirem sobre suas condições reais e, com base nesse processo, proporem ações e construir em intervenções educativas diante dos problemas estudados, em busca de soluções. Ao incorporar a questão socioambiental à prática pedagógica, os projetos escolares buscaram inserir a escola na realidade, contribuindo para a formação, por meio da aprendizagem social, de cidadãos críticos e participativos em ações conjuntas e colaborativas (escola, comunidade, poder público), visando ao desenvolvimento de políticas públicas democráticas e sustentáveis para a melhoria da qualidade de vida. ; This text seeks to present reflections resulting from a doctorate research focused on the analysis, through action-research, of school projects in environmental education developed as part of in-service teacher education, and their contributions to the constitution of new knowledges and didactic-pedagogical procedures for the study of the environment and for the exercise of citizenship. Aiming at the construction of the geo-scientific perspective at school, the environmental education projects made use of different field practices based on remote sensing (satellite images, aerial photography and maps) to (re)cover knowledge from the place of study, with the purpose of building an integrated view of the socio-environmental reality based on the establishment of dialectic relations between the local and the global as a support to the analysis of problems, of their repercussions and implications on different scales of observation. The development of the projects created the opportunity to form teacher-researchers that are innovators, critical, and reflective before the school and socio-environmental realities. Besides, it gave students the conditions to observe and know their own environment and the place where they live, to reflect upon their real situations and, based on this process, propose actions and construct educative interventions in search of solutions for the problems investigated. By incorporating the socio-environmental issue to the pedagogical practice, the school projects attempted to insert school into reality, contributing to form critical citizens that participate in joint and collaborative actions (school, community, public authorities) through social learning, aiming at the development of democratic and sustainable public policies to improve the quality of life.
In this article we discuss the production of genres, mediated Didactic Sequence methodology through which to teach modularly a genre. Our goal is to demonstrate that the teaching of genres developed modularly can assist students in building properly texts. Thus, we describe part of an experiment carried out in a high school public school, in which students of 2nd year produced a movie review to be published in school and in a blog. For this, we base in authors like (Dolz et al., 2010) and (Bronckart, 2007), who consider language as a form of interaction and the genre as a tool through which students are able to develop the capabilities of language. Research shows that the Didactic sequence enabled the students grasp the knowledge required for proper writing addressed genre.
O conhecimento dos movimentos epistemológicos, culturais e políticos que definiu, em uma perspectiva histórica, a compreensão do campo da formação de professores, pode ser uma significativa contribuição para a prática da formação. Entender esse processo na sua dimensão evolutiva favorece o entendimento da complexidade desse campo de conhecimento e as múltiplas influências que se estabelecem sobre ele. O objetivo deste trabalho, portanto, é mapear e estudar as tendências teórico-práticas que marcaram a compreensão da docência no Brasil, preferencialmente no período que se inicia na segunda metade do século XX. O trabalho reconhece sua condição aleatória e não pretende exclusividade a respeito do tema. A partir do mapeamento realizado, conclui-se que as diferentes tendências teórico-práticas para a docência tiveram significativos impactos nas pesquisas educacionais e essas, por sua vez, também exerceram um papel de protagonismo nas mudanças paradigmáticas que atingiram a formação de professores. Na medida em que o paradigma da racionalidade técnica foi dando lugar à compreensão do fenômeno educativo como produzido social e culturalmente, houve significativas mudanças nas formas de produzir conhecimento na área da educação. Todas as fases que marcam as tendências dos estudos a respeito da formação de professores produziram conceitos e se apresentaram como produtos e produtoras das ações formativas, influenciando e sendo influenciadas pelas políticas, legislações e culturas. ; The knowledge of the epistemological, cultural and political movements which defined, from a historical perspective, the understanding of the field of teacher education can be a significant contribution to the practice of education. Understanding this process in its evolutionary dimension favors understanding the complexity of this field of knowledge and the multiple influences that are established in it. Therefore, this study aims to map and study the theoretical and practical trends which marked the understanding of teaching in Brazil, preferably in the period beginning in the second half of the twentieth century. The work recognizes its random condition and does not demand exclusivity. From the mapping done, it is concluded that the different theoretical and practical trends for teaching had a significant impact on educational research and this, in turn, also played a leading role in the paradigmatic changes that have hit teacher education. As the paradigm of technical rationality gave way to an understanding of the educational phenomenon as socially and culturally produced, there were significant changes in ways of producing knowledge in the education area. All the phases that mark the trends of the studies on teacher education have produced concepts and presented themselves as products and producers of educational actions, influencing and being influenced by policies, legislations and cultures.
The STS movement, which emerged in embryonic in the middle of last century and made over the decades, remains relevant to the society we live in. Thus, it is recurrent the need for a participation of this society in the direction given to the scientific and technological activity, demanding more democratic decisions. In this sense the research is based on the questionings: what is the characterization of educational practices carried out in STS field in Basic Education and in teacher training?; And, as has been the participation of society in scientific and technological development? As objectives, we seek: (i) identify which subjects have participated in decision-making on scientific and technological development, and how; (ii) analyze data referrals in respect of educational practices STS; (iii) to investigate whether the STS assumptions are advancing the Academy to implement educational practices; (iv) to point out horizons for Science Education in the perspective of curricular settings guided by the constitution of a culture of participation. It is a bibliographical research whose methodology was the Discursive Textual Analysis, composed of unitarization, categorization and communication. The corpus of analysis emerged four categories: 1) Limitations practices STS implemented; 2) Methodological aspects of practicas STS; 3) Social participation in the development of ST in classrooms; 4) Justifications for insertion of STS practices.
Background: The prevalence of motor delays (MD) in schoolchildren is an intercultural phenomenon which is particularly present among socio-economically disadvantaged children. Objective: to describe and explain the proximal processes for the development of fundamental motor skills (FMS) in schoolchildren from an elementary school (ES) in a coastal city in the Northeast of Brazil. the objective of this study was to describe and explain the proximal processes for the development of fundamental motor skills (FMS) in schoolchildren from an elementary school (ES) in a coastal city in the Northeast of Brazil. Methods: This was a quali-quantitative study. The quantitative aspect was characterized by the use of the Test of Gross Motor Development Edition 2 to evaluate the fundamental motor skills of 104 children from 7 to 10 years old, 56 boys (8.2±1.0 years) and 48 girls (8.3 ± 0.9 years). Regarding the qualitative aspect, the researcher ecologically placed himself in the context and used non-systematic and non-participant observations and interviews with 7 parents, representing the parents-board of the school, 7 Physical Education teachers and 11 classroom teachers from different schools. Data analysis: the qualitative data were organized using the content analysis synthesis. The quantitative data were treated using descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation, distribution and frequencies) and inferential statistics (Student t-test). Results: The results revealed that 95.1% of children present MD in locomotor skills and 81.7% in object control skills; girls showed poorer performance compared to boys (p < 0.001). Considering the Bioecological model the MD can be explained by the absence of physical infrastructures and material resources, lack of opportunities and poor teacher training. However, the main explanation was the absence of a pedagogical program to foster MP in schools and youth sports programs. Yet, the Bioecological model allowed us to establish that the MP interferes the way that children interact with the context. Conclusions: It can be inferred that part of the solution to the problem lies in the coordination of exosystem actions (Municipal Department of Education) and in changes to the macrosystem (educational legislation) which guarantee the microsystems (schools and social sports projects) the means to promote MP in children.
Segundo a historiografia da educação brasileira, muitas foram as ações relacionadas aos modos de formar professores primários durante o período imperial. Desses estudos, a maioria se centra na formação de professores atrelada à instituição das escolas normais, entretanto, há uma parcela menor de trabalhos que se propõem a discutir outro aspecto da formação de professores ao longo do século XIX, mais especificamente, a forma como sujeitos que não frequentaram esse espaço institucional (a escola normal), constituíram-se docentes primários. O artigo que aqui se apresenta partilha dessa perspectiva, e volta o olhar para os modos de formação pela prática de professores primários no Paraná na segunda metade do século XIX, por compreender que esse tipo de formação marcou um período em que a instrução pública estava se consolidando em meio a ações, deliberações, dificuldades e tensões, na tentativa de melhorias de sua condição. A pesquisa valeu-se da consulta da legislação educacional do período e de documentos advindos dos sujeitos envolvidos com a instrução pública, naquele momento, disponíveis no acervo do Arquivo Público do Paraná. No cotejamento e análise das fontes, é possível afirmar, que a formação pela prática dos professores primários na província do Paraná se deu no decorrer do desenvolvimento do processo de constituição do magistério primário. ; According to the historiography of Brazilian education, there were many actions related to the forms of training primary school teachers during the imperial period. The majority of these studies are centred on teacher training linked to the institution of the teacher training college ( escola normal ). However, a smaller number of studies discuss another aspect of teacher training throughout the 19th century, namely, the way in which subjects who did not attend that institutional space (the escola normal ) became primary school teachers. This article shares this perspective and looks into forms of training primary school teachers through practice in Paraná in the second half of the 19th century, based on the understanding that this type of training marked a period in which public education was becoming consolidated in the midst of actions, deliberations, difficulties and tensions in the attempt to improve public education conditions. This study made use of education legislation of the period as well as documents produced by subjects involved in public education at that time and available at the Paraná Public Archives. Through the collation and analysis of the sources, it can be stated that the training of primary school teachers through practice in the province of Paraná took place during the development of the process which lead to the constitution of formal primary teacher training.
As an eight grade Portuguese language teacher, newly-arrived at the school, I try to relate in this text my experience with this class, starting with the development of the interdisciplinary project "Work, prejudice and discriminations", in which I could discuss with the students about the Aids theme. It is worth to say that the development of this work was only possible due to the organization between the area teachers in the subgroup of study "Interdisciplinary", in wich we planed and discussed the subject theory. This subgroup makes part of the project "Singular school: plural actions", supported by Fapesp, as one of the activities to be released by the scholars.
From the 1990s, teachers have been provided with a considerable number of materials produced and distributed by different governments to develop a mathematics curriculum to perform as curriculum implementers and promote the mathematical reform of different teaching systems. These resources have been researching tools. However, the types of use that teachers make of them are still little explored. In this article, we present the results of a study that aimed to understand the relationship between teacher-curriculum materials in the area of mathematics education, which takes discussions about teaching competencies of curriculum design as theoretical contributions. The research analysed a research report, and meta-analysis was the methodology adopted. The results indicate that affordances and constraints qualify the materials and potentiate the agency and its displacement, both for teachers and for materials, thus imparting different interactions between these two agents of curriculum development in mathematics.
This paper seeks to problematize the implementation of the model of teacher education prescribed by the Brazilian educational legislation, through the analysis of a Continuing Education Program, PEC Formação Universitária Municípios (PEC Higher Education Municipalities), held in São Paulo, from 2003 to 2004. The research is qualitative in nature. It included observations within online and offline teaching contexts over 18 months, and the collection of materials of different natures: official documents, field notes, interviews, and work produced by the student teachers, especially the "written memories". The theoretical framework is based on Bourdieu's theory of the habitus and the contributions of his contemporary critics. By investigating the educational processes inherent to the student teachers, we intend to analyze the relations between the learning situations observed throughout the development of the program and how they were appropriated by teachers. The analyzes developed let us state that many of the reflections made by the teachers, in the position of students, originated from a learning process that was unexpected and even ignored by the program. In this work, this process was called educational work in reverse, and put into question the principle of inverted symmetry, which guided PEC, and therefore some of the educational fundamentals of the model under consideration. ; O trabalho busca problematizar a implementação do modelo de formação docente prescrito pela legislação educacional brasileira, por meio da análise de um Programa de Educação Continuada, o PEC Formação Universitária Municípios, realizado no estado de São Paulo, entre 2003 e 2004. A pesquisa é de natureza qualitativa. Contou com observações em contextos de ensino on-line e off-line, durante 18 meses, e coleta de materiais de natureza diversa: documentos oficiais, notas de campo, entrevistas, além de trabalhos produzidos pelas alunas-professoras, em especial uma modalidade de trabalho chamada escritas de memórias. O marco teórico fundamenta-se na teoria do habitus de Bourdieu e nas contribuições de seus críticos contemporâneos. Ao investigar os processos formativos inerentes à condição de aluna das docentes, intenta-se analisar as relações entre as situações de aprendizagem observadas ao longo do desenvolvimento do Programa e o modo como foram apropriadas pelas professoras. As análises desenvolvidas permitem afirmar que muitas das reflexões feitas pelas professoras, quando na situação de alunas, tiveram origem em um processo de aprendizagem não previsto, e até mesmo ignorado, pelo Programa. Esse processo, denominado neste trabalho de formação às avessas, colocou em causa o princípio da simetria invertida, pelo qual o Programa de Educação Continuada de Formação de Professores (PEC) se orientou, e, por conseguinte, alguns dos fundamentos pedagógicos do modelo em análise.
Every day, the accelerate technological development is changing the way we plan and operationalize the implementation of courses in educational institutions. To the pointed panorama should be added another group of factors which, nowadays, can't be unknown. This group of factors refers to the management of processes involving special and distance education –DE. This study, qualitative exploratory kind, has an objective analyze the dimensions of teaching methodology, assessment criteria and theoretical assumptions from which the Course of Specialized Educational Services-SES is structured. It was found that students who took the course, showed good performance in learning the content developed at the same time also identified situations in their professional field in which they could put intopractice the precepts studied regarding the practice of the SES. We conclude that we need to know all processes that involve learning through distance education so a good performance in the educational purposes can be achieved, setout in a given context. When it comes to teacher training, this care is even more important, since access to teachers who want to learn innovative teaching practices must be promoted.
This article presents and seeks to reflect the results of research conducted on the use of Laptop at school, considering the program UCA (One Computer per Student) a newly implemented innovation in some schools in the municipality of Tocantinópolis. The research developed from studies of child development comparing some theoretical propositions on child behavior with the children of today who are born inserted into a culture based on the use of digital media that have become popular and are available to all social classes. From these studies, we analyzed using the laptop on a Full-Time State School in order to realize as is being seen the incorporation of computer use in school every day and that different activities are being developed from the project implementation. Data analysis sought to understand whether the use of the Internet at school helps children build autonomy or captive maintains pre-set programs. The study showed that the great glimpse is that teachers have difficulties in working with the media as an ally, on the other hand, the program offers a plaster content without the teacher and students can use the device with freedom to create other possibilities.
The Internet nowadays is a significant source of information, being important the construction of educational sites resulting from scientific research to foster pedagogical reflections. It is also important to support possibilities of relations between transversal themes, big problems of society that must be contextualized in school, in educational practice. In Physical Education, capoeira, part of the movement body culture, should also be addressed during the pedagogical practice. We evaluated a blog developed to address the Transversal Themes and Capoeira, taking into consideration the opinions of 23 teacher participants (12 women and 11 men, mean age 30 years). We opted for qualitative research and analysis of content from a questionnaire developed to evaluate the blog. The analysis was divided into two categories: presentation of the educational blog developed and analysis of results from the evaluation of participants, this category being divided into three subcategories: opinions about the design and configuration of the blog, interest and motivation; considerations about the transversal themes. The results were positive in terms of consistency, language, appropriateness of content to the topic and audience, visualization, reliability and conceptual rigor of the blog. All participants said they could use the content proposed in the blog for the development of their classes. From these results, it is considered that the blog can become a virtual educational material, assisting teachers in the teaching-learning process, helping the didactic process in Physical Education classes.