Suchergebnisse

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to test a model in which diversity in goal orientation is associated with decreased team performance by virtue of reduced group information elaboration. In addition, the model considers the moderating role of internal team environment.Design/methodology/approachThe paper takes the form of an empirical research in which the hypothesized relationships are investigated using hierarchical multiple‐regression analyses.FindingsThe findings show that teams high in diversity in goal orientation report lower levels of performance because of the lower group information elaboration. However, in the presence of a supportive team environment the negative relationship of diversity in goal orientation on group information elaboration are reduced.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper is based on a cross‐sectional design.Practical implicationsThe paper suggests management should consider goal orientation in team building, and provide interventions to improve team environment.Social implicationsDiversity has relevant consequences on interpersonal relations, decision‐making processes, and team performance. The results of the present study suggest ways in which teams might leverage the benefits of diversity and reduce coordination problems associated with it.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the diversity team literature by expanding Nederveen‐Pieterse and colleagues' research on diversity in goal orientation by emphasizing the role of internal team environment as moderator in the relationship between diversity in goal orientation and group information elaboration.

In today's dynamic work environment, teams are increasingly confronted with disruptions. While there are different types of disruptions that teams face, we contend that team composition disruptions that occur during the completion of a team's task can be especially challenging. We also argue that it is important to consider different types of team composition changes as they create different demands for team adaptation. Specifically, we assess the effects of loss of a team member and change in team membership resulting from injury substitution. We examine how these two types of team composition disruptions impact coordination and team outcomes (i.e., goals scored) by leveraging data from 2,280 soccer games in the English Premier League. We found that team member loss impaired both team coordination and outcomes while team member substitution only impacted team coordination. Moreover, we build upon and extend existing research that has examined team familiarity by distinguishing between familiarity that is built amongst members on the current team (i.e., current team familiarity) and familiarity that has developed as a result of members working together in prior teams (i.e., prior team familiarity). This distinction appears important as we did not find evidence of a main effect of prior team familiarity on coordination but found evidence of a reversing curvilinear effect of current team familiarity on coordination. Finally, the indirect effect of team member loss on team outcomes through team coordination was more pronounced when teams had low (compared to high) prior team familiarity.

This article explores how team learning is enhanced through facilitated knowledge sharing, leading to knowledge teams that are capable of identifying knowledge gaps and crossing knowledge boundaries. Based on a qualitative study, vignettes are used to illustrate the dynamics of team learning in different situational contexts, facilitating the way knowledge plays out at the intersection of knowledge boundaries. The study examines how team members integrate or downplay knowledge resources based on the trajectory of participation and learning. Such trajectory helps determine the extent to which knowledge spillovers create wider networks of learning, leading to different forms of organizational learning.

Higher education requires best leaders and collaborative environment to stimulate staff and student because of facing more challenges and to make the educational institutions remain relevant in a competitive global context. Considering the fruitful academic outcome, ideal leadership style and collaborative work are essential among teachers and students. Therefore, an empirical study was performed to investigate the effect of transformational leadership and team communication on task performance. The proposed model was verified by quantitative study to clarify the complex relationship between predicators and outcomes. Research data were collected from a sample of 273 master students from the University of Science and Technology of China. The collected data were examined through partial least square analysis technique. The results suggested that team perception of transformation leadership has positive effect on team communication and team trust to measure high task performance. In addition, team communication has positive effect on team trust, whereas team trust has a significant effect on team creativity, which enhances the task performance.

Ralf Friedrich developed an academically validated and process-oriented maturity model with emphasis on special needs of virtual teams. He provides criteria and indicators of performance for virtual teams and combines different approaches of maturity models into an overall framework to measure and develop virtual team performance. This book describes the development and validation of the Virtual Team Maturity Model (VTMM®) consisting of 11 processes for virtual team collaboration, defined by inputs, methods, outputs and Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) assigned to four maturity levels. The model supports an algorithm for calculating the maturity level of the team based on a set of questionnaires.

Objective: We highlight some of the key discoveries and developments in the area of team performance over the past 50 years, especially as reflected in the pages of Human Factors.Background: Teams increasingly have become a way of life in many organizations, and research has kept up with the pace. Method: We have characterized progress in the field in terms of eight discoveries and five challenges. Results: Discoveries pertain to the importance of shared cognition, the measurement of shared cognition, advances in team training, the use of synthetic task environments for research, factors influencing team effectiveness, models of team effectiveness, a multidisciplinary perspective, and training and technological interventions designed to improve team effectiveness. Challenges that are faced in the coming decades include an increased emphasis on team cognition; reconfigurable, adaptive teams; multicultural influences; and the need for naturalistic study and better measurement. Conclusion: Work in human factors has contributed significantly to the science and practice of teams, teamwork, and team performance. Future work must keep pace with the increasing use of teams in organizations. Application: The science of teams contributes to team effectiveness in the same way that the science of individual performance contributes to individual effectiveness.

Companies are realizing that team-based rewards are crucial to achieving high performance and quality results from teams.

This article proposes that team reflexivity—a deliberate process of discussing team goals, processes, or outcomes—can function as an antidote to team-level biases and errors in decision making. We build on prior work conceptualizing teams as information-processing systems and highlight reflexivity as a critical information-processing activity. Prior research has identified consequential information-processing failures that occur in small groups, such as the failure to discuss privately held relevant information, biased processing of information, and failure to update conclusions when situations change. We propose that team reflexivity reduces the occurrence of information-processing failures by ensuring that teams discuss and assess the implications of team information for team goals, processes, and outcomes. In this article, we present a model of team information-processing failures and remedies involving team reflexivity, and we discuss the conditions under which team reflexivity is and is not likely to facilitate performance.

The literature on team members' satisfaction has mainly focused on analysis at the team level; however, studies of team members' satisfaction at the individual level are less frequent. In this work, we analyzed how team members' attitudes and perceptions developed before starting the team decision-making process, how their perceptions developed during the team decision-making process, and how the consequences of the team decision-making process influence individual satisfaction with the team. Questionnaires were filled out by 84 undergraduate students working in 28 teams that had to make a management decision. The results show that individual satisfaction with the team is positively related to team members' self-efficacy for teamwork and to their perception of the decision's comprehensiveness, but negatively related to their perception of team debate and the deviation between their individual preference and the team decision.