Suchergebnisse

Review of Kashtanov, S. M. (Ed.). (2015). Аksakovy: semejnaya entsiklopediya [The Aksakovs: A Family Encyclopaedia]. Moscow: Politicheskaya entsiklopediya. 536 p. The review deals with the content and structure of the family encyclopaedia The Aksakovs prepared by a team of historians from Moscow. Its purpose is to identify the significance of this encyclopaedic guide in the context of the genealogical science, as well as domestic and foreign Aksakov study. The publication of the encyclopaedia is estimated as a great event in the cultural and scholarly life of Russia. The methodological basis for the study is defined by its purpose: the Aksakov encyclopaedia is compared with similar reference books and with the use of historical and cultural, and historical and functional methods. Along with the undoubted advantages of the reviewed work, the authors point out dictionary entries requiring correction, while special attention is paid to the materials on S. T. Aksakov's family. ; Рецензия на книгу: Аксаковы: семейная энциклопедия / под ред. С. М. Каштанова. — М. : Полит. энциклопедия, 2015. — 536 с. В рецензии рассматривается содержание и структура семейной энциклопедии «Аксаковы», подготовленной коллективом московских историков. Цель отзыва — выявить значение данного энциклопедического справочника в контексте развития генеалогической науки, а также отечественного и зарубежного аксаковедения. Издание энциклопедии оценивается как большое событие в культурной и научной жизни России. Методологическая направленность рецензии определяется ее целью: Аксаковская энциклопедия характеризуется в сопоставлении с аналогичными изданиями справочного типа с учетом достижений современной гуманитарной науки и с использованием историко-культурного и историко-функционального методов. В рецензии наряду с несомненными достоинствами анализируемой работы отмечены требующие коррекции словарные статьи, при этом особое внимание обращено на материалы о семье С. Т. Аксакова.

In 2023, exactly 10 years have passed since the proclamation by Chinese President Xi Jinping of the One Belt, One Road Initiative (OBOR), which has become the flagship direction of China's foreign policy. OBOR is a combination of two mega-projects – the Silk Road Economic Belt (SREB) and the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road (MSR). A special role in promoting cooperation between China and African countries is played by the MSR, which passes through the states of East Africa – Ethiopia, Kenya, Mozambique, Madagascar and South Africa. The book "One Belt One Road Initiative and the Construction of the African Continental Free Trade Area" is devoted to the development trends of cooperation between China and African countries within the BRI, as well as assistance from the PRC in the construction of the African Continental Free Trade Area. Yang Baorong and Ma Hanzhi form the core of the team of authors. The book includes several chapters, the third of which is devoted to tying infrastructure under the BRI and helping to build the African Continental Free Trade Area, and the fourth is devoted to political proposals that deserve special attention. Although some conclusions made by the authors are questionable, the book is a major achievement, on the one hand because of its a qualitative analysis of the formation, development and emerging difficulties of economic integration in Africa, and on the other hand, because it reveals the position of China and the Chinese scientific community on promoting dialogue with the countries of the continent within the BRI and promoting free trade between the PRC and African countries. The red thread in the work traces the idea of the importance of the One Belt – One Road initiative for the successful construction of the African Continental Free Trade Area, as well as for the successful implementation of the 2063 Agenda.

The article substantiates the need for training personnel with theoretical knowledge in the field of the history of Eurasianism as a civilizational space, cultural and historical features of the Eurasian states, as well as those who are able to work in a multinational team, research and design activities to improve the efficiency of integration processes in the post-Soviet space. The main approaches to the development and implementation of the Master's program in sociology «Integration processes in Eurasia» are proposed, the purpose of which is to form a pool of specialists with the necessary competencies for this: research, preparation of predictive and analytical recommendations for government agencies and various organizations, participation in the implementation of interstate programs. The socio-humanitarian meanings of the development of integration interaction of the EAEU member states, the tasks of promoting socio-humanitarian values for the development of Eurasian integration are substantiated. Based on expert assessments, conditions have been proposed to guarantee the successful implementation of the program: the introduction of new teaching methods and technologies; broad partnership with employers and public organizations; the use of the advantages of digitalization of the educational process, programs, applications and other digital resources for
e-learning both remotely and directly at the university; the introduction of online courses. The ideas formulated in the article can be used in the development of educational programs for the training and education of not only specialists — sociologists, but also other specialists of social and humanitarian professions, additional professional programs (advanced training programs and professional retraining programs) for representatives of institutions of the Eurasian Economic Union, public authorities, business and non-profit sector of the EAEU member states and other countries, a network program in the field of Eurasian integration of the Eurasian Network University (ESU), a Network CIS universities, Slavic universities, etc.

Migration has become an integral part of modern life. Due to political, socio-economic, environmental factors, migration flows are increasing every year. One of the key areas of research remains the issues of adaptation and integration of migrants, since the nature of the adaptation of migrants depends on the social development and well-being of both the migrants themselves and the host society. The purpose of this article is to study the features of the adaptive strategies of foreign migrants in the border regions of Russia. The paper presents a theoretical analysis of migration processes, including eleven laws of migration by E.G. Ravenstein and approaches to understanding the processes of acculturation of migrants. The results of sociological research conducted by the research team of Altai State University in six border regions of Russia (Altai Territory, Tyva Republic, Khabarovsk Territory, Volgograd Region, Astrakhan Region, Amur Region) are analyzed. A total of 449 foreign migrants were interviewed. The data were collected using a questionnaire and analyzed using frequency and linear regression analysis methods. Based on the analyzes carried out, a typology of migrants was obtained based on their migration experience and migration intentions. Three groups of migrants arriving in the border regions have been identified - returnable, irrevocable and transit. It is noted that the processes of acculturation of migrants in the border regions of Russia are developing along the path of integration. Based on the data obtained, five adaptive strategies were identified that are typical for foreign migrants in the border regions of Russia: full integration (knowledge of Russian culture and support for intercultural contacts with the host community), integration - intention (poor knowledge of Russian culture and support for intercultural contacts with the host community), transit integration (knowledge of Russian culture and support for intercultural contacts with the host community is typical for transit migrants), ...

Issues concerning interethnic relations in the Russian Federation as a multinational state, are relevant. They are especially important in the border regions of the country. Scientific analysis of ways and mechanisms of harmonization of interethnic relations is of great importance for maintaining the socio-political, economic stability of modern society, as well as social harmony in the region. The following indicators are considered: the specifics of national identity (the degree of closeness with people of the same nationality, the risk of dissolving into the culture of other peoples); changes in interethnic relations in the region over the past five years; access to public benefits for people of different nationalities (receiving guaranteed social, medical, educational services, chances of employment, developing their business, holding high positions in government); attitudes towards migrants and the migration situation in general (the region's residents' assessments of migrants living in the region, attitudes towards them, the need to attract them to the region and support them by the Russian government, possible measures to establish good neighborly relations between migrants and the local population, the role of national diasporas in harmonizing such relations, the impact of population migration on the situation in the region as a whole). The practical value of the study lies in the presentation of current assessments of residents of Altai krai about interethnic relations and the migration situation in the region. The empirical basis is the data from a sociological study implemented in the Altai krai (n = 400) by the research team of the Altai State University. The obtained data were analyzed using the methods of mathematical and statistical data processing (SPSS 23.0 statistical package). It is noted that people who have experienced the spread of infringement of rights due to nationality are more likely than others to be at risk of losing their nationality; in the absence of a sufficient number of chances ...

A large research, patriotic work with students is carried out in the museum complex of «Northern State Medical University» (NSMU), one of the innovative forms of which is the reconstruction of a surgical field hospital. In 2018, the team of reenactors in the person of activists — members of the student scientific circle on the history of medicine and the staff of the museum complex of NSMU became the winner of the competition of grants Rosmolodezh with the project «In memory of the doctors of the war years», within which was conducted by 9 student reconstructions of the military field hospital in Arkhangelsk, Severodvinsk, Pinega, Karpogory, Vologda and Sevastopol; numerous patriotic events were organized and held at city, regional and all-Russian holidays, dozens of interviews and meetings with veterans, symposia, sections and round tables on the history of medicine at NSMU. This research, patriotic, career guidance and volunteer activities are constantly expanding. In the course of this work, acquaintance with veterans is constantly taking place, including war, labor, law enforcement agencies and public health. ; В музейном комплексе ФГБОУ ВО «Северный государственный медицинский университет» (СГМУ) проводится большая научно-исследовательская, профориентационная, патриотическая работа со студентами, одной из инновационных форм которой является проведение реконструкции хирургического полевого госпиталя. В 2018 г. команда реконструкторов в лице активистов — членов студенческого научного кружка по истории медицины и сотрудников музейного комплекса СГМУ — стала победителем конкурса грантов Росмолодежи с проектом «В память о медиках военных лет», в рамках которого было проведено 9 студенческих реконструкций военно-полевого госпиталя в Архангельске, Северодвинске, Пинеге, Карпогорах, Вологде и Севастополе; подготовлены и проведены многочисленные патриотические мероприятия в рамках городских, областных и общероссийских праздников, десятки интервью и встреч с ветеранами, симпозиумы, секции и круглые столы по истории медицины в СГМУ. Данная научно-исследовательская, патриотическая, профориентационная и волонтерская деятельность постоянно расширяется. В ходе этой работы происходит знакомство с ветеранами, в том числе войны, труда, правоохранительных органов и здравоохранения.

Ежегодно увеличивается количество актов агрессии, приводящих к гибели людей и порождающих нестабильность в обществе. Согласно положению военной доктрины РФ, в мире ожидается увеличение частоты применения высокоточного оружия. Одновременно одной из основных внешних опасностей является быстрое распространение международного терроризма, из-за которого страдает в большей степени мирное население.Цель настоящей работы – выявление современных тенденций явления терроризма и анализ работы модели бригадного оказания психолого-психиатрической помощи пострадавшим.Результаты. В настоящей статье обоснована необходимость начала медицинской реабилитации пострадавших непосредственно на месте совершения теракта и доказана эффективность бригадной модели оказания психолого-психиатрической помощи. Раскрыты особенности диагностики острых стрессовых реакций у пострадавших и свидетелей террористических актов, подчеркнута важность этих знаний для узкоспециализированных врачей.Заключение. Результаты работы психолого-психиатрических бригад доказали эффективность модели бригадного оказания экстренной психологической помощи. ; Every year, the number of acts of aggression increases, leading to the death of people and causing instability in society. According to the position of the military doctrine of the Russian Federation, the frequency of the use of precision weapons is expected to increase in the world. At the same time, one of the main external dangers is the rapid spread of international terrorism, because of which the civilian population is suffering to a greater extent.The purpose of this work is to identify current trends in the phenomenon of terrorism and to analyze the work of the model of brigade psychosocial support for victims.Results. This article substantiates the need to start medical rehabilitation of victims directly on the site of the terrorist act and the effectiveness of the brigade model of psycho-psychiatric care is proved. The features of the diagnosis of acute stress reactions among victims and witnesses of terrorist acts are revealed, and the importance of this knowledge for highly specialized doctors is emphasized.The conclusion. The results of the work of psycho-psychiatric teams proved the effectiveness of the model of brigade rendering of emergency psychological help.

The relevance of the chosen topic is determined by the requirement for more detailed study of the financial and legal basis of philanthropic and charity activities in order to create optimal financial models to achieve socially significant goals.Charitable and philanthropic activities are a combination of several activities:— social, aimed at solving socially important objectives, cultural objectives;— organizational, within which charity programs, teams of volunteers are formed to achieve the goals;— financial within which it is necessary to generate and distribute financial resources.Effective financial component allows solving social problems.Comparative analysis of laws "On Philanthropic Activities", "On Charitable Activity and Charitable Organizations", "On the Procedure of Formation and Use of Target Capital of Nonprofit Organizations" highlights the best options of charity funding, identifies gaps in legislation and ways of its improvement. The authors have come to the conclusion that the most effective model is the model of the target capital.DOI 10.14258/izvasu(2017)6-07 ; Актуальность выбранной темы определяется необходимостью углубленного исследования финансово-правовых основ меценатской и благотворительной деятельности в целях формирования оптимальных моделей использования ресурсов для достижения общественно-значимых целей.Благотворительная и меценатская деятельность представляет собой сочетание нескольких видов деятельности:— социальной, направленной на решение общественно значимых целей, культурных задач;— организационной, в рамках которой происходит формирование программ поддержки, команды волонтеров, выполнения поставленных задач;— финансовой, в рамках которой необходимо сформировать и распределить финансовые ресурсы.Эффективная финансовая составляющая позволяет решать поставленные социальные задачи. В результате проведенного исследования на основании сравнения норм законов «О меценатской деятельности», «О благотворительной деятельности и благотворительных организациях», «О порядке формирования и использования целевого капитала некоммерческих организаций» выделены оптимальные варианты финансирования, определены недостатки и пробелы действующего законодательства и предложены пути его совершенствования. Авторы приходят к выводу о том, что наиболее эффективной моделью является модель целевого капитала.DOI 10.14258/izvasu(2017)6-07

A criterion for the best promising outlook is a research study which is carried out with a method that lies out of the bounds of the current paradigm. Obtaining new knowledge with the help of a new theory, a candidate for a new paradigm, is the most promising line of research. A scientific team working on a new line of research is the most promising school of thought for a scientist who managed to push the limits of the current paradigm and create their own school of thought. A developed school of thought that managed to create a new line of research combines researchers' high worldview potential, sufficient level of scientific equipment, unity of command and democratic evaluation and analysis of research findings. Two types of schools described are first class schools of thought. Other types of schools are engaged in training practical specialists, whereas students and specialists' education and training with the simultaneous development of their knowledge and skills should be paradigmal. ; Критерием наибольшей перспективности обладает то исследование, которое выполняется с помощью методологии за пределами парадигмы. Получение новых знаний с помощью новой теории, кандидата на новую парадигму, является наиболее перспективным научным направлением. Коллектив ученых, работающий над созданием нового научного направления, является наиболее перспективной школой того ученого, который впервые смог "заглянуть" за пределы парадигмы и создать свою школу. Развитая научная школа, в недрах которой стало возможно создание нового научного направления, включает высокий мировоззренческий потенциал исследователей, достаточный уровень обеспеченности научным оборудованием и сочетание единоначалия в руководстве научными исследованиями с демократическим стилем обсуждения и анализа результатов исследований. Описанные два вида школ относятся к высшей категории научных школ. Другие виды школ заняты воспитанием специалистов для практики, а воспитание и обучение студентов и специалистов при усовершенствовании их знаний и умений должно быть парадигмальным.

Рассматривается деятельность органов советской милиции Северной Осетии в послевоенное время и годы развитого социализма. Анализируется деятельность республиканских добровольных народных дружин, боевых комсомольских дружин, а также института политработников в организации охраны правопорядка. Отмечено преобразование организационно-инспекторских отделов МВД Северной Осетии в штабы, на которые возлагались задачи совершенствования деятельности органов внутренних дел по обеспечению общественного порядка, борьбе с преступностью, организации оперативного управления всеми службами и подразделениями внутренних дел. Рассматриваются вопросы поднятия авторитета советского милиционера, его идейно-политической закалки и воспитания в духе патриотизма и интернационализма, а также помощи средств массовой информации республики правоохранительным органам в организации правовой пропаганды среди населения. Затронуто создание политотдела МВД, которое значительно активизировало воспитательную работу среди личного состава, организацию наставничества, индивидуальную работу с сотрудниками МВД республики.DOI 10.14258/izvasu(2015)4.1-39 ; The article examines the activities of the Soviet police in North Ossetia in the postwar years and the years of developed socialism. Analyses is given to the activities of the republican voluntary national teams, fighting squads and the institution of political workers in the organization of law enforcement. The author notes the transformation of organizational and inspectorial departments in the North Ossetian Interior Ministry headquarters, which will undertake the tasks of improving the internal affairs bodies to ensure public order, the fight against crime, the organization of operational management of all services and units of the Interior. Consideration is given to the issues of enhancing the prestige of the Soviet police officer, their ideological and political and educational training, forming of the spirit of patriotism and internationalism, and the assistance of the mass media to the republic law enforcement authorities in the organization of legal propaganda among the population. The article considers the creation of the Political Department of the Interior Ministry, which greatly intensified educational work, mentoring, and individual work with the staff of the Interior Ministry.DOI 10.14258/izvasu(2015)4.1-39

The article presents a discourse analysis of the soft power from the point of view of media technology, which ensures the formation of a favorable international image of the country. The discourses of political media image are considered as agents of symbolic politics and as important tools of soft power. The structure of the discourse of political media image is revealed. The article provides an analysis of various rating systems of soft power, which contains such option as advances in the field of information policy. As an example of the effective use of the media discourse of political images of the country is the activities of the Russia Today TV channel. Strategic effects of discourses of political media image are considered on the examples of the doping scandal and demonstration of the Russian flag by the team of Belarus at the Paralympics games in Rio de Janeiro. Key words: soft power, soft power of Russia, soft power ranking, attractiveness, political media image, political discourse, symbolic politics, image, the image of the state, the media, framing, Russia Today, the Olympic games. ; В статье проводится дискурс-анализ «мягкой силы» с точки зрения медиатехнологий, которые обеспечивают формирование благоприятного международного имиджа страны. Дискурсы политических медиаобразов рассматриваются как агенты символической политики и как важные инструменты softpower. Раскрыта структура дискурса политического медиаобраза. В статье дается анализ различных рейтинговых систем softpower, в которых содержится такой параметр, как успехи в области информационной политики государства. В качестве примера эффективного использования медиадискурса политических образов страны приводится деятельность телеканала RussiaToday. Стратегические эффекты дискурсов политических медиаобразов рассматриваются на примерах допингового скандала и демонстрации российского флага командой Белоруссии на Паралимпийских играх в Рио де Жанейро. Ключевые слова: «мягкая сила», «мягкая сила» России, рейтинг softpower, аттрактивность, политический медиаобраз, политический медиадискурс, символическая политика, имидж, образ государства, массмедиа, фрейминг, RussiaToday, Олимпийские игры.

International audience ; The paper analyses some Christian devotional objects from the excavations of 1973–1977 in the aristocratic residence of the 9th–11th centuries at the place of the medieval castle of counts of Anjou in Tours, France. Their dating has been recently revised according to the stratigraphic and chronological observations made by the research team from the French National Center of Urban Archaeology headed by Henry Galinié. The new chronology, as well as the morphology of cult objects, which is sometimes unusual for Latin Europe, suggest that the analogies to them should be searched for in the Byzantine cultural area. In general, personal devotional objects (especially cross-pendants) were uncommon in France, and the veneration of cross was under strict control by the clergy. Before 1400, all cross-pendants had been either brought to France from abroad or made at place after foreign examples. One of the crosses-pendants from Tours has a close analogy in the Middle Dnieper region of Ukraine. Probably, both objects were produced locally, being modeled after one of thecross types of the Post-Iconoclastic period, the form of which goes back to an earlier prototype from the 6th–7th century. Other Christian objects from Tours aristocraticresidence either were brought by pilgrims from Rome, represented a continuation of the local tradition going back to the Merovingian period. The author stresses that Francia of the 9th–11th centuries was not a culturally closed area. It developed its own Christian heritage using new impulses from Italy and the East. The presence of devotional objects in an aristocratic residence with clearly expressed defensive functions is characteristic of the medieval Christian communities. Finding themselves in politically and/or military challenging situation, Christian warriors usually stressed their religious status with extra number of private devotional objects and liturgical gests.

International audience ; The paper analyses some Christian devotional objects from the excavations of 1973–1977 in the aristocratic residence of the 9th–11th centuries at the place of the medieval castle of counts of Anjou in Tours, France. Their dating has been recently revised according to the stratigraphic and chronological observations made by the research team from the French National Center of Urban Archaeology headed by Henry Galinié. The new chronology, as well as the morphology of cult objects, which is sometimes unusual for Latin Europe, suggest that the analogies to them should be searched for in the Byzantine cultural area. In general, personal devotional objects (especially cross-pendants) were uncommon in France, and the veneration of cross was under strict control by the clergy. Before 1400, all cross-pendants had been either brought to France from abroad or made at place after foreign examples. One of the crosses-pendants from Tours has a close analogy in the Middle Dnieper region of Ukraine. Probably, both objects were produced locally, being modeled after one of thecross types of the Post-Iconoclastic period, the form of which goes back to an earlier prototype from the 6th–7th century. Other Christian objects from Tours aristocraticresidence either were brought by pilgrims from Rome, represented a continuation of the local tradition going back to the Merovingian period. The author stresses that Francia of the 9th–11th centuries was not a culturally closed area. It developed its own Christian heritage using new impulses from Italy and the East. The presence of devotional objects in an aristocratic residence with clearly expressed defensive functions is characteristic of the medieval Christian communities. Finding themselves in politically and/or military challenging situation, Christian warriors usually stressed their religious status with extra number of private devotional objects and liturgical gests.

The article considers the process of Hong Kong's administrative system formation after its placement under the administration of the British Empire in 1842. A brief description of the local Chinese and expatriate communities is given and the character of their interaction is identified. The transformations of Hong Kong's administrative system at the various stages of its formation are analyzed and its qualitative characteristic is given. The significant language and other barriers to the establishing of interaction between colonial administration and the Chinese community and inefficiency of the administrative control pattern in the 1840-50s are identified. Inefficiency of this pattern is considered as a prerequisite for its development by establishing of the new scheme of civil servants' selection with the aim of teaching them Chinese language and creation of the team of interpreters ready to communicate with the local Chinese. The abovementioned scheme turned out to be efficient and practically laid the foundation for creating Hong Kong's administrative system. The author comes to the conclusion that the new scheme trained specialists made an important contribution to the development of Hong Kong, which from the periphery of the Qing Empire was transformed to the autonomous outpost of the British Empire. ; Рассматривается процесс формирования административной системы Гонконга после его перехода под юрисдикцию Британской империи в 1842 г. Дается краткое описание местного китайского сообщества и сообщества экспатриантов, выявляется характер их взаимодействия. Проводится анализ трансформаций административной системы Гонконга на различных этапах ее формирования и дается ее качественная характеристика. Выявляются существенные языковые и иные препятствия для налаживания взаимоотношений колониальной администрации и китайского сообщества, выявляется неэффективность модели административного управления, существовавшей в Гонконге в 1840-1850-е гг. Несостоятельность этой модели рассматривается как предпосылка ее усовершенствования путем новой схемы отбора кадров на государственную службу с целью обучения их китайскому языку и создания штата переводчиков, готовых к коммуникации с китайским населением колонии. Данная схема оказалась эффективной и фактически стала фундаментом для формирования административной системы Гонконга. Автор приходит к выводу о том, что подготовленные по новой схеме специалисты внесли большой вклад в развитие Гонконга, который из окраинной территории имперского Китая превратился в самоуправляемый форпост Британской империи.

The article provides a review of the textbook «Actual problems of legal support of professional activity» for students at transport universities enrolled in master's programs, prepared by the team of the department of Transport Law of the Law Institute of Russian University of Transport under the general editorship of Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation, Doctor of Law, Professor Alexander I. Zemlin. The review notes the relevance of the topics included in the content of the textbook, the breadth of their coverage, which makes it possible to ensure complete and comprehensive mastering of didactic material, the depth of the scientific approach demonstrated by the authors in the process of working on the publication, the practical significance and potential relevance of the textbook. The sufficiency of the material presented in the textbook is especially emphasized regarding training of future specialists of the highest qualifications in the field of transport with legal competencies necessary for subsequent successful fulfillment by them of their professional duties in the context of digitalization of the economy and transport. ; В статье даётся рецензия на учебник «Актуальные проблемы правового обеспечения профессиональной деятельности» для студентов транспортных вузов, обучающихся по программам магистратуры, подготовленный коллективом кафедры «Транспортное право» Юридического института Российского университета транспорта под общей редакцией Заслуженного деятеля науки Российской Федерации, доктора юридических наук, профессора А. И. Землина. Отмечается актуальность тематик, включённых в содержание учебника, широта их освещения, позволяющая обеспечить полное и всестороннее освоение дидактического материала, глубина научного подхода, продемонстрированного авторами в процессе работы над изданием, практическая значимость и потенциальная востребованность учебника. Особо подчеркивается достаточность материала, представленного в учебнике, для формирования у будущих специалистов высшей квалификации в области транспорта компетенций правовой направленности, необходимых для последующего успешного выполнения ими обязанностей по должностному предназначению в условиях цифровизации экономики и транспорта.Редакция вновь обращается к вопросам правового обучения студентов-транспортников с учётом особой важности этого вопроса в современных условиях (Холиков И. В. Правовые знания для будущих транспортников // Мир транспорта. – 2020. – № 1. – С. 260–264. DOI: https://doi.org/10.30932/1992-3252-2020-18-260-264).