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The article presents four models of science and technology park management, built on the basis of the results of the analysis of 15 selected parks in the world. It discusses the basic functions of the park, advantages and disadvantages of each of the models, indicating also the possibilities of their further development. It has also been related to the Polish conditions, which proved that two models are most suitable for Poland: corporate and network. The corporate model, based on an active cooperation of a technical university with public and private entities, in the opinion of the Authors, is the most appropriate to be applied in the case of science and technology parks created near technical universities. An alternative solution to the corporate one is a network model, allowing for creation of sci-ence and technology parks with scattered spatial structure.

Experience in science and technology progress, accelerationof social and economic development, gained oninternational basis, shows that significantly effective andpromising organizational form for development of scienceand technology progress, is science and technology parks.Science and technology parks are one of organizationalforms intended for development of innovations, scientificresearch, studies for coordination of technologies'development and implementation work, to initiate newbusinesses: apart from science and technology parks,among organizational forms of such purpose, businessincubators, centres of innovations, industrial parks, andother may be noted, however science and technology parksespecially as organizational forms features by significanteffectiveness and prospects of development.Necessity of science and technology parks as well astheir networks is determined by new challenges and problemsarising in the circumstances of globalisation, expansionof the European Union, development of knowledgeand informational society. Thus it is very urgent to studyand evaluate an effect of establishment and expansion ofscience and technology parks, their networks, and analogousorganizations to economy growth considering internationalexperience.

1. An International Perspective on Science and Technology Parks -- 2. The Strategic Choices that Science and Technology Parks Must Make -- 3. University Science and Technology Parks: A U.S. Perspective -- 4. Science Technology Parks and Close Relations: Heterogeneity, Context and Data -- 5. The Experience of Spanish Science and Technology Parks: Gathering Data -- 6. Science Parks and Smart Specialization -- 7. Science Parks and Business Incubation in the United Kingdom: Evidence from University Spin-Offs and Start-Ups -- 8. Technoparks in Turkey: A Descriptive Study -- 9. Heterogeneity as a Key for Understanding Science and Technology Park Effects -- 10. Science and Technology Parks as Drivers of Place-based Innovation Ecosystems: Two Examples from Europe -- 11. Towards a Framework to Advance the Knowledge on Science Park Contribution: An Analysis of Science Park Heterogeneity -- 12. Lessons Learned and a Future Research and Policy Agenda on Science Parks.

Nowadays, a large ratio of nation's educated population suffers from unemployment problem. Since the available capacity of employment in governmental jobs is limited, hence the entrepreneurship can be a solution for resolving this problem or at least reducing it. The entrepreneurship centers in universities can play an important role in developing and promoting the entrepreneurship. The aim of current research is to investigate the structural obstacles of technologic entrepreneurship in Tehran University's science & technology Park. The research methodology is descriptive & survey and is of applied type. The research statistical society is the technological entrepreneurs of Tehran University's science & technology centers. Data gathering was carried out using researcher's questionnaire with a stability of α=0.92. Data analysis was performed in two descriptive and inferential levels using software SPSS 16. The research results revealed that the entrance of unskilled individuals into technologic topics, the lack of skilled labor force required by technologic entrepreneurship and the lack of sufficient infrastructures for technologic businesses are among the structural obstacles of technologic entrepreneurship. The obtained results are in line with researches of Phan and Der-Foo (2004). Regarding the obtained results, one can promote the technological entrepreneurship through planning and adoption of applied strategies for resolving the recognized obstacles.

Objective of the study: The aim of this study was to develop a systemic framework to understand the nature and dynamics of technology parks in Brazil and to analyze the mais determinants for evaluating their performance in the settlement process.Relevance/originality: This work is unprecedented for the analysis of the dissemination of technology parks in Brazil, throughout its history, and for the application of multivariate data analysis for performance analysis in the settlement (number of tenant companies).Methodology/approach: This study is characterized as a qualitative and quantitative combination of research methods, defined as combined exploratory, carried out in two phases. The qualitative approach is carried out first, with the aim of exploring the research topic in order to provide subsidies for the quantitative phase.Main results: The Simple Correspondence Analysis demonstrated that the two determinants that impact the settlement of technology parks in Brazil are financing and park´s age, confirming the thesis that they are long-term enterprises.Theoretical/methodological contributions: This study is characterized as a qualitative and quantitative combination of research methods, defined as combined exploratory, carried out in two phases. The qualitative approach is carried out first, with the aim of exploring the research topic in order to provide subsidies for the quantitative phase.Social/management contributions: The results demonstrate the importance of technology parks in Brazil and the need to maintain public policies in the long term, in order to increase the size of parks, in terms of concentration of new technology-based companies, and attraction of anchor companies, generating jobs and income qualified.