Suchergebnisse

Reprint of the original Latin text Tentamina semiologica, sive quaedam generalem theoriam signorum spectantia (1789), edited, translated and with an Introduction by Robert E. Innis The 33 sections of this classic text by Hoffbauer have a twofold focus: a descriptive inventory of signs, and a comparison of the expressive and cognitive powers of different sign systems. Using his sign typology as a point of departure, Hoffbauer inquires into the elements of matter and form both necessary and adequate to arrive at a definition of the sign. His purpose in doing so is to present his own version of a general sign theory after pointing out significant errors and weaknesses in the characteristicae universalis of Leibniz, Becher, Toennis, Kalmar, etc. Against the background of criticism of the contemporary deductive sign theories of Lambert, Baumgarten, Mendelssohn, Daries, Wilkins, Kircher and others, Hoffbauer's general semiology gives shape to an outline of a deductive-hypothetical theory of signs. In this historical perspective, Hoffbauer's semiology is of outstanding importance and provides the opportunity to think through once again central and permanent problems of the general science of signs.

"It is well known that Thomas Hobbes wrote his political theory multiple times. 'This little MS. treatise [The Elements of Law: Natural & Politic] grew to be his Booke De Cive, and at last grew there to be the so formidable LEVIATHAN.' The first work circulated in manuscript in 1640; the second, Latin version was published in 1642 and in a second edition in 1647; Leviathan came out four years later, with a Latin edition following in 1668. In composing De Cive and Leviathan, Hobbes drew on the earlier text(s), re-using, expanding, re-organizing, and adding to material that had appeared previously"--

Geistesgeschichtlich ist die große Vergangenheit des lateinischen Aristotelismus immer noch unbewältigt. Die vorliegende Teiledition eines Cursus philosophicus von 1653/55 [Ms. BU Salamanca 1351-52] dokumentiert den regen Schulbetrieb zu Lockes Zeit. Etwas 'metaphysische' zu betrachten, das hieß im Suarezismus, es gerade unter Bezug auf unser Denken zu betrachten: quoad nostros conceptus (Arriaga). In diesem erkenntnistheoretischen Sinn 'metaphysische' Abhandlungen sind hier zusammengestellt. Hauptfrage: Hat das Urteil schon diesseits des Wahrheitsbezugs einen eigenen Gegenstandsbezug? Die Psychologie des Urteils erscheint systematisch verknüpft mit der Ontologie des Irrealen (ens rationis ratiocinantis). Der Autor González de Santalla, sonst immer nur der Märtyrer der Gesinnungsethik, wird als Scholastiker vorgestellt. Die intellektuelle Biographie dieses Jesuiten konzentriert sich auf seine philosophiepolitische Aktivität: Ab 1687 war er der Chef jenes globalen Bildungskonzerns, der damals über sechshundert Schulen und Hochschulen unterhielt. Hundert Jahre später war diese Institution, die Societas Jesu, vom Erdboden verschwunden.Interessenten: Philosophen, Mediävisten, Romanisten, Theologen, Kulturhistoriker In order to trace Psychologism, particularly the 18th-century' perception theory of judgment' (G. Nuchelmans), a case is made for a fair appreciation of the Aristotelian school philosophy during Locke's life time. From a hitherto unknown Jesuit Cursus Philosophicus of 1653/55, a substantial portion of its disputations on Logic, Psychology and Metaphysics is edited. A remarkable refutation of Suárez's classical account of the beings of reason reveals the systematic connection between any theory of judgment and the ideas on how to make sense of the chimaeras. This time, González de Santalla, otherwise famous for his firm stand against ethical Probabilism, is presented as an epistemologist. His intellectual biography focuses on the schoolman and on a future Jesuit General's (1687-1703) educational policy, who tried to keep the standards of school philosophy.Readers: Scholars interested in mediaeval and modern philosophy, in the history of higher education, and hispanists.

"George Buchanan (1506-82) was one of the most distinguished humanists of the Northern European Renaissance. Hailed by his contemporaries as the greatest Latin poet of his age, he is chiefly remembered today as a radical political theorist whose Dialogus, first published in Edinburgh in 1579, justified the deposition of Mary, Queen of Scots in 1567 on the basis of a theory of popular sovereignty, which vested in the people the right to resist, depose and kill tyrannical monarchs. Dedicated to his pupil James VI, whose violent reaction against his tutor's ideas led him to develop his own views on the divine right of kings, Buchanan's work nevertheless proved immensely influential both in Britain and on the Continent, making a notable contribution to the debates over the nature and location of sovereignty which would finally bear fruit in the writings of John Locke. This new edition, featuring facing-page Latin text and English translation, is accompanied by extensive notes and commentary on Buchanan's classical and contemporary sources and a detailed introduction that examines the development of Buchanan's political thought, the context in which the Dialogus was written and published, and an extended analysis of the text itself."--Provided by publisher.

This is the first great commentary in the Western European tradition of expounding Aristotle's On the Soul. Dated about 1235, this work by Richard Rufus of Cornwall is a major contribution to the history of Western philosophy and the study of Aristotle. Indeed, no future account of thirteenth century philosophical psychology will be able to ignore the contribution of Richard Rufus. Following Aristotle, Rufus addresses questions as diverse as `how do we reproduce and grow', `how do we see and hear', `how do we understand ourselves', and `how is our immortal soul united with our body?' Its exposition and its questions date from about 35 years before Thomas Aquinas wrote his commentary on On the Soul, so its publication will prompt a re-evaluation of Aquinas's theory of the soul. As the copious notes to this edition indicate, not only is this the earliest surviving commentary on Aristotle's On the Soul taught at a Western University, but it was read by most of Rufus's early successors. Part of this commentary was published in 1952 but this present edition benefits from two recently discovered complete manuscripts. In addition to the text itself, this edition features an extensive introduction which presents the reader with the subsequent tradition, both published and unpublished.

"René Descartes's Regulae ad directionem ingenii ('Rules for the Direction of the Understanding') is his earliest surviving philosophical treatise, and in many respects his most puzzling text. It is a profoundly original work with few intellectual precursors, and offers the fullest account anywhere in Descartes's work of his theory of method. Yet Descartes left it unfinished, and unpublished, at his death in 1650. The versions currently known to modern readers are all posthumous: a manuscript copied for Leibniz in the late seventeenth century, a Dutch translation of 1684, and the version printed in 1701 in Amsterdam. As a result, the details and date of its composition, its fragmentary, unfinished state, and its philosophical content have long puzzled scholars. The discovery by Richard Serjeantson in 2011 of a previously unknown, early manuscript draft of the Regulae in Cambridge University Library was a hugely significant event in Cartesian scholarship. This edition presents the Cambridge manuscript of the Regulae alongside the 1701 Amsterdam version of the text to allow comparison between the early manuscript draft and the version best-known to modern readers, together with a full English translations of both texts. It is also the first critical edition of the Regulae to take into account the full range of textual witnesses to the text, both manuscript and printed. The new Cambridge manuscript sheds important light on the composition, date, and philosophical content of the Regulae, and will provoke scholars to rethink key questions about Descartes's early philosophical development