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Dear colleagues, Welcome to the "Journal of Policy & Governance"! In my opinion, an editorial may reflect the general direction of the journal, values, strategy, priorities, goals and objectives, and so on. This is the first edition of the Journal of Policy & Governance where I act as the Editor-in-Chief. The title of the journal includes two key concepts, the "Policy" and the "Governance", and they are crucial for the target audience of the journal. That is, the field of "Policy Science": policy cycle, problem identification for analysis, policy environment, resources, stakeholders' analysis, communications (strategic, multilevel, etc.), policy tools and evaluation, etc. Also, these are values, objectives and methodology of the research and policy analysis, policy as the process and reasons for state intervention, evidence-based policy, quantitative and qualitative methods of data processing and the formation of evidence in the policy process and so on. The field of governance is also valuable for research: democratic, good, sensitive, multilevel, digital, and so on: Service State, public consultation, and interaction between government, business and civil society in the policy-making process. Common decisions, power and out of power policy makers, leadership, analysts and policy actors also require semantic and empirical content in the articles of the journal.

This article discusses election governance based on public participation with qualitative research methods, the approach used in case studies in West Nusa Tenggara (NTB) Province, the region is one of thirty-four province in Indonesia. Governance is an approach that is considered relevant, because election governance is its manifestation. The results show that the Regional of General Election Commission of NTB as the authority of election organizers succeeded in building a model of election governance based on public participation through three strategies, namely the movement to protect suffrage, family-based voter education, and voter education based on educational institutions. These three models are designed through three approaches, namely multi-stakeholder partnership, convergence, safety and public health of disaster areas. The methods of implementation include; short videos about elections, consistent use of mass media and continuous election classes. The impact of the public participation-based election governance model in NTB is that the number of public participation in 2019 Elections increased to 82 percent compared to 2014 Election of 77.32 percent where the model has not been implemented. The obstacles faced in building participatory-based election governance are two, namely; the issue of legitimacy provided by the Electoral Law and has not been made the education of voters as core business of General Commission Election, while voter education is an effective instrument in developing public participation. The solution is necessary to change article 3 and article 15 (Presiden Republik Indonesia, 2017) on the elections to include participation as the principle of organizing elections. In addition, voter education should be the core business from the national to the regions.

Strategische Konzepte für Donbass – Krim ○ Vorbemerkungen zu den Übersetzungen; • Kolumne des Botschafters Chinas in Russland (April 2022, dt. Übers.); • Interview 'The National Interest' (Washington) mit dem Hrsg. der 'Njesawissimaja Gaseta' (Moskau) zum Ukraine-Konflikt (März 2022). ○ Dokumentation • Ukraine-Erlass № 405/2014 Anti-Terror-Operation im Donbass; • Ukraine-Gesetz 2018 'Zur Wiedereingliederung des Donbass'; • Russland-Erlass № 252/2022 Antwortsanktionen; • Russland-Verordnung № 851/2022 'Zu Antwortsankfionen'; ○ Sämtliche Textoriginale (russ., engl., ukr.).:Strategische Konzepte für Donbass – Krim Global Governance im Diskurs (VIII) ○Vorwort und Übersetzungen von Rainer Böhme. ○ DOKUMENTATION ● Kolumne von Zhang Hanhui, Botschafter Chinas in Russland, in der 'Komsomolskaja Prawda' (Moskau, 08.04.2022) : "Hegemonie und Politik der Stärke – Quelle der Instabilität" (Übersetzt a. d. Russischen); ● Interview mit Konstantin Remtschukow ('Njesawissimaja Gaseta', Moskau) der 'The National Interest' (Washington, 07.03.2022): "Russland ist vollständig vom Westen abgeschnitten" (Übersetzt a. d. Englischen); ○ Mitteilungen der Präsidialverwaltung der Ukraine 'Zum Donbass' (Übersetzt a. d. Ukrainischen): ● Erlass 'Zur Anti-Terror-Operation im Donbass' des Präsidenten der Ukraine № 405 vom 13. April 2014' (Übersetzt a. d. Ukrainischen); ● Gesetz 'Zur Wiedereingliederung des Donbass' № 2268-VIII vom 18. Januar 2018 mit ANHANG. ○ Portal für Rechtsinformationen der Russischen Föderation, 'Zu Antwortsanktionen' (Übersetzt a. d. Russischen): ● Erlass № 252 des Präsidenten der RF (vom 3. Mai 2022); ● Verordnung № 851 der Regierung der RF (vom 11. Mai 2022) mit ANHANG. ○ Textoriginale (russ., engl., ukr.): ● Kolumne 'Komsomolskaja Prawda' vom Botschafter Chinas ( v. 8. April 2022); ● Interview 'The National Interest' mit K. Remtschukow (v. 7. März 2022); ● Zur Anti-Terror-Operation' – Erlass № 405/2014 (v. 13. April 2014); ● Gesetz über die Wiedereingliederung des Donbass (v. 18. Januar 2018); ● Erlass № 252 d. ...

Verlängerung des Vertrags Russland – China (v. 28. Juni 2021): • Kommentar (dt.) zur gemeinsamen Erklärung Russland-China zur Vertragsverlängerung (2021) und zu Pressestimmen in Russland; • Meinungsbeitrag (dt., russ.) aus Russland zum Vertrag Russland-China (2021) und dessen Bedeutung für 'Global Governance'; • Dokumentation (dt., russ.) anlässlich der Vertragsverlängerung (28. Juni 2021): .- Protokoll zum Video-Gespräch der Präsidenten Russlands und Chinas; .- Gemeinsame Erklärung der RF und VR China zum 20. Jahrestag der Unterzeichnung des Vertrags.:• Vorwort von Rainer Böhme (Hrsg.) • Kommentar von Wilfried Schreiber: Russland-China-Vertrag – Gemeinsame Antwort auf die "regelbasierte Ordnung" des Westens (dt.); • Meinungsbeitrag von W. Pawlenko: Der Russland-China-Vertrag – eine neue Dimension in der globalen Politik. In: IA REGNUM, Moskau, 28. Juni 2021. (Übersetzung a. d. Russ. Von Rainer Böhme.) • Dokumentation (Übersetzung a. d. Russ. von Rainer Böhme): .- Protokoll zum Video-Gespräch der Präsidenten Russlands und Chinas am 28. Juni 2021 anlässlich der Vertragsverlängerung; .- Gemeinsame Erklärung (vom 28. Juni 2021) der Russischen Föderation und der Volksrepublik China zum 20. Jahrestag der Unterzeichnung des Vertrags über Nachbarschaft, Freundschaft und Zusammenarbeit zwischen der Russischen Föderation und der VR China. • Textoriginale (russ.): .- Meinungsbeitrag W. Pawlenko; • Dokumentation der Präsidialverwaltung der Russischen Föderation: .- Protokoll zum Video-Gespräch der Präsidenten Russlands und Chinas am 28. Juni 2021 anlässlich der Vertragsverlängerung. .- Gemeinsame Erklärung (vom 28. Juni 2021) der Russischen Föderation und der Volksrepublik China zum 20. Jahrestag der Unterzeichnung des Vertrags über Nachbarschaft, Freundschaft und Zusammenarbeit zwischen der Russischen Föderation und der VR China. (Offizieller russischer Wortlaut).

One of the factors determining the development of the securities market in the country is the level of corporate governance. It is clear that without respect for the rights of small shareholders of the company, is not created for them the possibility of effective enjoyment of these rights and on the possibility of leaving the company, and similar factors make it difficult to attract funding through the securities market. From this point of view, the effect of creating a mechanism to protect investors' rights legislation of the country on the development of the securities market significantly. The financing of the national economy the main role belongs to the market for corporate securities. Securities market creates additional opportunities for financing firms. This creates an incentive for the company's development and corporate management firm. This fiscal squeeze in many cases firms to refrain from taking effective financial decisions, which in turn negatively affects economic development. Emerging in the country system of corporate governance is to ensure equal and fair treatment of all shareholders, including small shareholders, shareholders and foreign shareholders who do not participate in managing the company.

COVID-19 sent a wave of pandomania across Nigeria, like in every other country due to health risk that it come with, which was declared pandemic. However, its impact has been felt on all aspect of human endeavour; social economic and political. In Nigeria, the pandemic has affects security governance due to pivoted role assigned security agencies in the enforcement of restriction of movement and lockdown imposed by the federal government of Nigeria. The security agencies involved has not been limited to police but it include both military and paramilitary as the case may be. In the midst of continues spread of diseasesand multiplicity of security agencies, security governance became a serious issues. Through the government adopted a pragmatic approached, the result has been of mix blessing. It is in light of the above that the paper examines security, government in theCOVID-19 pandemic periodusing Nigeria as a case study.

Global developments that are full of dynamics are marked by the emergence of interdependence between countries. Global developments are in line with the development of science and technology which causes countries to seem borderless. The blurring of boundaries between countries and the development of an increasingly dynamic environment are also accompanied by the development of increasingly broad and multidimensional threats. This global development is also marked by the emergence of new actors in international relations. The development of threats and increasing global issues that cannot be handled by the state alone have created a new phenomenon in the international relations order, namely global governance. Previously, the state was the sole actor in the order of international relations. However, with global governance, there is a new arrangement in the international relations system that accommodates all actors who play a role. This research will use a qualitative phenomenological method. The theory used in this research are global governance, defense diplomacy and international organization as a basis theory and concept, and also a security theory as supporting theory. In the end, we can see that the change of international order can bring the positive effect for countries in achieving their national goals and accomplish their national interests.

Bangladesh is performing better in the growth of GDP and experiencing remarkable progress in development indicators such as poverty alleviation, maternal mortality, infant mortality and enrollment in primary education. However, despite the restoration parliamentary democracy in 1990s, political governance is decaying in the country. The present study, taking dynamics of Bangladeshi politics into consideration, seeks to explore the interplay between business and politics and its impact on governance with supplementary evidence from public transportation sector as case example. Among others, the principal question of the paper is how business interest creates crisis in governance? It reveals that business elites are involved in all decision-making process in the government institutions and they make pro-business policy undermining people's interest that leads to a confrontation between government institution and business elites which ultimately generates crisis in governance in almost all other section of the nation like transportation sector.

Die militärische Lage im Ukraine-Konflikt vs. geostrategischer Informationskrieg ○ Einordnung eines komplexen Krieges in globaler Dimension; ○ Dokumentation (dt. Übers.): • Meinung aus Paris und Chikago zur militärischen Lage in der Ukraine; • Meinung aus Moskau, Redaktion 'MOST' zur Anfangsperiode des bewaffneten Ukraine-Konflikts (März 2022); • Strategie zur Wiedereingliederung Krim–Sewastopol in die Ukraine (2021); ○ Sämtliche Textoriginale (russ., franz., ukr.).:Die militärische Lage im Ukraine-Konflikt vs. geostrategischer Informationskrieg - Global Governance im Diskurs (VII) ○ Vorwort von Rainer Böhme und Wilfried Schreiber: Einordnende Vorbemerkungen über einen komplexen Krieg in globaler Dimension. ○ Dokumentation • Beitrag Jacques Baud, Paris: Die militärische Lage in der Ukraine (Übers. a.d. Französ.: Rainer Böhme); • Beitrag Jacques Baud, Paris/Chicago: Aktuelle Information zur militärischen Lage in der Ukraine vom 25. März 2022' (Übers. a.d. Französ.: Rainer Böhme); • Beitrag Redaktion MOST, Moskau: Ein durchdachter 'Plan B' für den Ukraine-Krieg' (Übers. a.d. Russ.: Rainer Böhme); • Strategie zur Beendigung des Besatzungsregimes und Wiedereingliederung der vorübergehend besetzten Territorien der Autonomen Republik Krim und der Stadt Sewastopol' (2021) – Bestätigt durch Präsident W. Selenskij mit Erlass №117/2021 vom 24. März 2021. (Übersetzt a.d. Ukrainischen von Rainer Böhme). ○ Textoriginale: • Beitrag (franz.) Jacques Baud, 'Militär. Lage Ukraine' vom 14. März 2022; • Beitrag (franz.) Jacques Baud, 'Aktuelle militär. Lage Ukraine' vom 28. März 2022; • Beitrag (russ.) Redaktion Zeitschrift 'MOST', 'Plan B' vom 30. März 2022; • Strategie Krim–Sewastopol-Wiedereingliederung' Präs.-Erlass №117/2021 (ukr.) vom 24. März 2021.

The article develops a methodological basis for choosing the optimal model for managing the agglomeration of settlements. The existing agglomeration problems and the need to accelerate growth due to the agglomeration effect form a challenge to the agglomeration governance system. For an adequate response it is important to understand the capabilities of governance models. These capabilities can be expressed through the description of the features of the models.For a large-scale description of the features of models, it is necessary to form groups of features, characterize each feature, compare the models according to the degree of its manifestation, and, if possible, explain the reason for the differences. The article investigates research papers within the framework of the theory of municipal reformers, the theory of public choice, in particular on the issues of centralization / decentralization of municipalities, intermunicipal cooperation, the efficiency of the economy of the public sector. The authors used general scientific methods of analysis, synthesis, grouping, comparison.The revealed features make it possible to assess the governance model in terms of what the agglomeration will receive from its implementation. All features are combined into five groups: economic, social, administrative efficiency, democratization, stability. The study revealed 29 features, presented their explanation and degree of development, depending on the type of governance model.As a result of the study, the possibilities for justifying the feasibility of introducing models have increased. The authors represented scientific novelty by a more complete list of the features of models, a more detailed presentation of them, the approach of presenting information "from features", a convenient grouping that allows you to use the characteristic to assess the effectiveness of the activities of government authorities. The study can be useful for civil servants in charge of agglomeration processes. ; Статья развивает методологическую базу ...

Освещаются проблемные вопросы организации корпоративного управления на государственных предприятиях. Акцент делается на специфике государственного сектора экономики и его подсекторов: стратегического и военного. Предлагается методика измерения качества корпоративного управления госпредприятиями. ; Problematic issues of the organization of corporate governance at state enterprises are covered. The emphasis is on the specifics of the state sector of the economy and its subsectors: strategic and military. A methodology for measuring the quality of corporate governance by state enterprises is proposed.

Исследуются актуальные проблемы правового регулирования в сфере корпоративного управления. Авторы анализируют новеллы гражданского законодательства о корпорациях и корпоративном управлении, в частности нормы, регулирующие корпоративный договор. Установлено, что в статье Гражданского кодекса РФ, посвященной корпоративному договору, некоторые вопросы остались без внимания. К их числу относится возможность его расторжения. Очевидно, что в этом случае допустимо общее правило о соглашении сторон, но не может быть исключено и расторжение договора по требованию стороны договора. Нормы ст. 450 и 451 Гражданского кодекса РФ не могут быть применены в силу специфики корпоративного договора, нет соответствующих норм и в специальных законах, оперирующих понятием корпоративных соглашений. Этот пробел должен быть устранен именно в общей норме Гражданского кодекса РФ. Отмечается, что в процессе совершенствования правового регулирования корпоративного управления необходимо учитывать только положительный опыт зарубежных стран и не забывать о специфике национальной правовой системы и особенностях осуществления предпринимательской деятельности в России.DOI 10.14258/izvasu(2016)3-30 ; The article considers the topical problems of legal regulation in the sphere of corporate governance. The authors analyze the civil legislation on corporations and corporate governance, in particular the rules regulating the corporate contract. It was found that in the article of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, dedicated to the corporate contract, some issues remained unanswered. Among them is the possibility of its termination. Obviously, this case admits the general rule on the agreement of the parties, but the termination of the contract at the request of parties to the contract cannot be ruled out. The rules of Articles 450–451 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation cannot be applied due to the specifics of a corporate contract; there are no relevant rules in the special laws that operate with the concept of corporate agreements. This gap must be addressed to in the general rule in the Civil Code of the Russian Federation. It is noted that in the process of improving of legal regulation of corporate governance one should take into account only the positive experience of other countries and not forget about the peculiarities of the national legal system and peculiarities of doing business in Russia.DOI 10.14258/izvasu(2016)3-30

Russland und "der Westen" im Ringen um das strategische Kräftegleichgewicht in der Ukraine und in Kasachstan (2022) • Interview mit D. Trenin (dt. Übers.): Über die Wahrscheinlichkeit eines neuen bewaffneten Konflikts unter Beteiligung Russlands (2022); • Meinungsbeitrag aus Russland (dt. Übers.): Zur Furcht der USA vor der Neuschaffung eines postsowjetischen Unionsstaats; Kasachstan-Krise (2022). • Kommentar aus Berlin: Wie weiter mit dem Ukraine-Konflikt?". Vertragsentwürfe Russlands an die USA und NATO (2022). • Textoriginale (russ.).:Russland und "der Westen" im Ringen um das strategische Kräftegleichgewicht in der Ukraine und in Kasachstan (2022) • Vorwort von Rainer Böhme (Hrsg.) • Interview von Jelena Tschernenko mit Dmitrij Trenin, Direktor Carnegie Moscow Center: "Beide Szenarien haben ihren Preis und bergen Risiken". Über die Wahrscheinlichkeit eines neuen bewaffneten Konflikts unter Beteiligung Russlands. In: Tageszeitung 'Kommersant', Moskau, 25. Januar 2022. (Übersetzung a. d. Russ. von Rainer Böhme.) • Meinungsbeitrag von W. Pawlenko: 'Warum fürchtet man sich so in den USA vor der Neuschaffung eines postsowjetischen Unionsstaats?' In: IA REGNUM, Moskau, 10. Januar 2022. (Übersetzung a. d. Russ. von Rainer Böhme.) '• Kommentar aus Berlin von Wilfried Schreiber: 'Wie weiter mit dem Ukraine-Konflikt?' (2022). • Textoriginale (russ.): .- Interview von Jelena Tschernenko mit Dmitrij Trenin, Direktor Carnegie Moscow Center. In: Tageszeitung 'Kommersant', Moskau, 25. Januar 2022; .- Meinungsbeitrag von Wladimir Pawlenko. In: IA REGNUM, Moskau, 10. Januar 2022.

Peculiarities and problems of the development of corporate governance of the railway company of «Uzbekistan Temir Yo'llari» JSC in the current economic conditions are considered. The relevance of the chosen direction of research is determined by its high significance for the economic, political and geopolitical development of the railway transport of the Republic of Uzbekistan. Political and geopolitical interest is associated with a significant impact on the national economy, which is provided by the railway transport companies of the Republic of Uzbekistan, as well as with the desire for the interaction of other enterprises in order to obtain additional competitive advantages. The author considers the theoretical issues of corporate governance development, as well as features of the development of railway companies in the Republic of Uzbekistan.

Ключевые слова: глобальное управление, Европейский союз, Китай, Комиссия ООН по глобальному управлению, мировое развитие, многостороннее сотрудничество, китайская концепция. = Key words: Global governance, the European Union, China, the UN Commission on Global Governance, world development, multilateral cooperation, the Chinese concept. ; Статья посвящена термину «глобальное управление», который политические лидеры государств и эксперты стали часто употреблять с началом финансового кризиса. Автор рассматривает позиции Европейского союза и Китая по данной концепции в качестве инструмента внешней политики и приходит к выводу, что, несмотря на тот факт, что ЕС и Китай поддерживают принципы глобального управления, представления обеих сторон о концепции отличаются. Причина заключается в том, что культурные традиции, политические идеологии, экономические интересы, институциональные системы, а также отношение к суверенитету обоих акторов различаются. К тому же нынешняя слабость Евросоюза и внешняя политика государств-членов ограничивают его способность формировать систему глобального управления. = This article deals with the term «global governance» that state officials and intellectuals started to use more frequently after the financial cri-sis stuck. The author considers the EU's and China's attitudes towards this concept as a foreign policy tool. The author concludes that, although the EU and China advocate global governance, both sides have different un-derstanding of the concepts of global governance. The reasons are different cultural traditions, political ideologies, economic interests, institutional systems and ideas of sovereignty. Besides the EU's current weakness and national foreign policies impede its ability to shape the system of global governance.