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This text is organised as follows. After an introduction setting out the conceptual expectations of governance, he addressed in turn: the reference to the contract; ownership and proprietyism; the restoration of political liberalism through economic liberalism; the concept of regulation; governance and governance; sovereignty; the concept of governance; governance as a sign of the emergence of the corporate figure and the "citizens' organisation"; the contours of the "liberal moment"; privatisation and "liberal moment" (the duality of "market and non-market organisations", the effects of the operation of organisations, the "dissociations-associations" of the field, privatisation); a focus on the "law of airain of oligarchy" by R. Michels; a focus: The tragedy of municipalities (or the impossibility of preventing the use of a resource) and the tragedy of 'anti-common' (or the possibility of preventing the use of a resource) or the 'market state' dilemma; a focus on the creatives comment. ; Master ; This text is organised as follows. After an introduction setting out the conceptual expectations of governance, he addressed in turn: the reference to the contract; ownership and proprietyism; the restoration of political liberalism through economic liberalism; the concept of regulation; governance and governance; sovereignty; the concept of governance; governance as a sign of the emergence of the corporate figure and the "citizens' organisation"; the contours of the "liberal moment"; privatisation and "liberal moment" (the duality of "market and non-market organisations", the effects of the operation of organisations, the "dissociations-associations" of the field, privatisation); a focus on the "law of airain of oligarchy" by R. Michels; a focus: The tragedy of municipalities (or the impossibility of preventing the use of a resource) and the tragedy of 'anti-common' (or the possibility of preventing the use of a resource) or the 'market state' dilemma; a focus on the creatives comment. ; Ce texte est organisé de la ...

Décisions éclairées? Le rôle des scientifiques dans la gouvernance de l'UE Le rôle d'expertise technocratique et scientifique dans la gouvernance de l'UE est contesté. Cet article examine le degré de participation des scientifiques dans le processus décisionnel de l'UE et les conditions qui influent sur leur participation. L'étude utilise une base de données sur les groupes d'experts de la Commission européenne. Nous montrons que les scientifiques sont impliqués dans une grande partie des groupes d'experts organisés par la Commission européenne (un tiers), mais ils sont rarement les seuls participants. Nous montrons également que l'accès des scientifiques est plus probable dans la phase d'élaboration de la politique et que leur participation dépend de certains cadres institutionnels.

The enforcement of the European Water Framework Directive (WFD) is not such an administrative issue in France as it is in other countries, since competent authorities (water agencies) already have jurisdiction over major watersheds (districts). As far as the WFD implementation is concerned, setting and reaching objectives of water quality (good status) and implementing cost recovery policy are more challenging for France and will require necessary changes and adjustments. Water in France is not managed according to its ownership, but its uses. In this chapter, after (i) an overview of the water governance institutional framework, (ii) the water governance arrangements is tackled: the main stakeholders is described and key issues of the current process of making decision are dealt with, in the general context of implementing the WFD. The original institutional tools developed to integrate different water uses for the sake of ecosystems preservation are also considered.

The enforcement of the European Water Framework Directive (WFD) is not such an administrative issue in France as it is in other countries, since competent authorities (water agencies) already have jurisdiction over major watersheds (districts). As far as the WFD implementation is concerned, setting and reaching objectives of water quality (good status) and implementing cost recovery policy are more challenging for France and will require necessary changes and adjustments. Water in France is not managed according to its ownership, but its uses. In this chapter, after (i) an overview of the water governance institutional framework, (ii) the water governance arrangements is tackled: the main stakeholders is described and key issues of the current process of making decision are dealt with, in the general context of implementing the WFD. The original institutional tools developed to integrate different water uses for the sake of ecosystems preservation are also considered.

The enforcement of the European Water Framework Directive (WFD) is not such an administrative issue in France as it is in other countries, since competent authorities (water agencies) already have jurisdiction over major watersheds (districts). As far as the WFD implementation is concerned, setting and reaching objectives of water quality (good status) and implementing cost recovery policy are more challenging for France and will require necessary changes and adjustments. Water in France is not managed according to its ownership, but its uses. In this chapter, after (i) an overview of the water governance institutional framework, (ii) the water governance arrangements is tackled: the main stakeholders is described and key issues of the current process of making decision are dealt with, in the general context of implementing the WFD. The original institutional tools developed to integrate different water uses for the sake of ecosystems preservation are also considered.

This article studies the idea of "World Government" as envisioned in aseries of essays published by Bertrand Russell in the period of the Cold War. It drawsupon the theoretical categories introduced by Karl Mannheim in Ideology and Utopia(1936) to account for the nature of the reconstruction schemes the author advances tospare human society a possible apocalyptic nuclear confrontation. The study hasshown that Russell's liberal outlook is utopian insofar as it has shown advancedpositions regarding self-determination, the dissemination of progress and cooperationtoward the reconstruction of a peaceful and prosperous world. However, given thetechnological abyss separating the industrial West in the 1950s from the rest, an open"World State" would be another form of imperialism in disguise. The risk involved isthat this "global utopia" whose rulers monopolize military, legislative as well aseconomic power, would turn into an institutional and ideological instrument ofcontrol in the hands of the technologically powerful few.