Suchergebnisse

Tekst analizira značenje i razumijevanje pojma governance te njegov prijevod na hrvatski jezik. Vlade, izvršne vlasti, vladajući (governing) pristupom odozgo, izdavanjem naloga i kontroliranjem, odnosno upravljanjem, ne mogu se učinkovito i djelotvorno nositi s problemima i izazovima. Kako bi odgovorile na takve izazove, vlade prihvaćaju vladanje odozdo, po horizontalnom načelu suradnje s ostalim dionicima, pa su onda u prilici mobilizirati raspoložive resurse, izgraditi povjerenje i novu mrežu suradnje te razviti koncept vladavine (governance). Koncept dobre vladavine u Europskoj uniji je alat kojim se jačaju procesi konvergencije. Istraživanja o vladavini u Hrvatskoj su rijetka, a radovi o toj temi uglavnom analiziraju vladavinu, dobru vladavinu i višerazinsku vladavinu kao novu upravnu doktrinu. Imajući u vidu značenje pojma governance u engleskom jeziku te njegovo značenje u odnosu na druge pojmove, drži se da ga na hrvatski jezik treba prevoditi kao vladavina. Analizira se i značenje pojmova: affordability, social entrepreneurship, eligibility i resilience te se predlaže prevođenje na hrvatski jezik. ; The paper analyses the meaning and understanding of the term governance and its translation into Croatian. Governments, executive authorities, governing in a top-down approach, issuing orders, and controlling, administering, cannot effectively and efficiently deal with the problems and challenges. To meet such challenges, governments accept bottom-up governance, based on the horizontal principle of cooperation with other stakeholders, which enables them to mobilize available resources, build the trust and a new network of cooperation, and develop the concept of governance. The concept of good governance in the European Union is a tool that strengthens convergence processes. Research on the implementation of the concept of governance in Croatia is rare, and papers mainly analyse governance, good governance, and multilevel governance as a new administrative doctrine. Having in mind the meaning of the term governance in English, and its meaning in relation to other terms, it is held that it should be translated into Croatian as vladavina, not as upravljanje. In addition, the meaning of the terms: affordability, social entrepreneurship, eligibility, and resilience are analysed and the terms for their translation into Croatian are proposed.

Pojam "centralizacije" počeo se koristiti u Francuskoj krajem 18. stoljeća kada je nakon revolucije stvorena nova struktura vlade. Pojam "decentralizacije" u upotrebu je ušao početkom 19. stoljeća. Ideje slobode i decentralizacije provodili su tijekom 19. i 20. stoljeća protudrţavni politički aktivisti koji su sebe nazivali "anarhistima", "libertarijancima", pa čak i decentralistima. Tocqueville, jedan od zagovornika decentralizacije je istaknuo da decentralizacija ima ne samo administrativnu vrijednost već i graĎansku dimenziju, jer povećava mogućnosti za graĎane da se zainteresiraju za javne poslove. I od akumulacije tih lokalnih, aktivnih, pronicljivih sloboda, raĎa se najučinkovitija protuteţa središnjoj vladi, čak i ako bi bila podrţavana od neosobne, kolektivne volje. Veliki broj zemalja u razvoju i tranzicijskih zemalja započeo je neki oblik programa decentralizacije. Taj je trend povezan sa sve većim zanimanjem za ulogu civilnog društva i privatnog sektora kao partnera vladama u traţenju novih načina pruţanja usluga. Decentralizacija upravljanja i jačanje kapaciteta lokalne uprave dijelom je i funkcija širih društvenih trendova, što uključuje, na primjer, općenito rastuće nepovjerenje u vladu, propast nekih od najcentraliziranijih reţima na svijetu (npr. Sovjetskog Saveza) i novonastale separatističke zahtjeve koji se rutinski pojavljuju u pojedinim dijelovima svijeta. Pokret prema lokalnoj odgovornosti i većoj kontroli nad nečijom sudbinom nije, meĎutim, rezultat samo negativnog stava prema središnjoj vladi. Umjesto toga, ovaj razvoj dogaĎaja uglavnom je potaknut snaţnom ţeljom za većim sudjelovanjem graĎana i organizacije privatnog sektora u funkciji upravljanja. ; The term "centralization" began to be used in France in the late 18th century when, after the revolution, a new government structure was created. The term "decentralization" came into use in the early 19th century. The ideas of freedom and decentralization were implemented during the 19th and 20th centuries by anti-state political activists who called themselves "anarchists," "libertarians," and even decentralizers. Tocqueville, one of the proponents of decentralization, pointed out that decentralization has not only an administrative value but also a civic dimension, as it increases opportunities for citizens to take interest in public affairs. And from the accumulation of these local, active, insightful freedoms, the most effective counterbalance to central government is born, even if it were supported by an impersonal, collective will. A large number of developing and transition countries have embarked on some form of decentralization program. This trend is linked to the growing interest in the role of civil society and the private sector as partners to governments in seeking new ways of providing services. Decentralization of governance and strengthening the capacity of local government is partly a function of broader social trends, which include, for example, growing distrust of government, the collapse of some of the world's most centralized regimes (eg the Soviet Union) and emerging separatist demands that routinely emerge in some parts of the world. The movement towards local responsibility and greater control over one's destiny is not, however, the result of only a negative attitude towards the central government. Instead, this development is largely driven by a strong desire for greater citizen participation and private sector organization in the governance function.

Pojam "centralizacije" počeo se koristiti u Francuskoj krajem 18. stoljeća kada je nakon revolucije stvorena nova struktura vlade. Pojam "decentralizacije" u upotrebu je ušao početkom 19. stoljeća. Ideje slobode i decentralizacije provodili su tijekom 19. i 20. stoljeća protudrţavni politički aktivisti koji su sebe nazivali "anarhistima", "libertarijancima", pa čak i decentralistima. Tocqueville, jedan od zagovornika decentralizacije je istaknuo da decentralizacija ima ne samo administrativnu vrijednost već i graĎansku dimenziju, jer povećava mogućnosti za graĎane da se zainteresiraju za javne poslove. I od akumulacije tih lokalnih, aktivnih, pronicljivih sloboda, raĎa se najučinkovitija protuteţa središnjoj vladi, čak i ako bi bila podrţavana od neosobne, kolektivne volje. Veliki broj zemalja u razvoju i tranzicijskih zemalja započeo je neki oblik programa decentralizacije. Taj je trend povezan sa sve većim zanimanjem za ulogu civilnog društva i privatnog sektora kao partnera vladama u traţenju novih načina pruţanja usluga. Decentralizacija upravljanja i jačanje kapaciteta lokalne uprave dijelom je i funkcija širih društvenih trendova, što uključuje, na primjer, općenito rastuće nepovjerenje u vladu, propast nekih od najcentraliziranijih reţima na svijetu (npr. Sovjetskog Saveza) i novonastale separatističke zahtjeve koji se rutinski pojavljuju u pojedinim dijelovima svijeta. Pokret prema lokalnoj odgovornosti i većoj kontroli nad nečijom sudbinom nije, meĎutim, rezultat samo negativnog stava prema središnjoj vladi. Umjesto toga, ovaj razvoj dogaĎaja uglavnom je potaknut snaţnom ţeljom za većim sudjelovanjem graĎana i organizacije privatnog sektora u funkciji upravljanja. ; The term "centralization" began to be used in France in the late 18th century when, after the revolution, a new government structure was created. The term "decentralization" came into use in the early 19th century. The ideas of freedom and decentralization were implemented during the 19th and 20th centuries by anti-state political activists ...

Kvalitetna komunikacija eksternih revizora s upravljačkim strukturama od iznimne je važnosti za učinkovito poslovanje kreditnih institucija. Stoga se nameće pitanje može li se oblikovanjem modela odnosa eksternih revizora i upravljačkih struktura kreditne institucije unaprijediti rad eksterne revizije, s jedne strane te upravljačkih struktura kreditne institucije, s druge strane. Doprinos ovog istraživanja su: analiza kvalitete komuniciranja eksternih revizora s upravljačkim strukturama kreditne institucije i utjecaj kvalitete tih odnosa na učinkovitost eksterne revizije i upravljačkih struktura; analiza kvalitete komuniciranja eksternih revizora s revizijskim odborom kreditne institucije i utjecaj kvalitete tih odnosa na učinkovitost eksterne revizije i upravljačkih struktura, posebice nadzornog odbora; identifi ciranje je li neučinkovitost eksterne revizije povezana s otvaranjem stečajeva nad kreditnim institucijama i utvrđivanje pridonosi li predloženi model odnosa eksternih revizora i upravljačkih struktura kreditne institucije boljem radu eksterne revizije kao i boljem radu upravljačkih struktura kreditne institucije. U istraživanju, provedenom u Republici Hrvatskoj, sudjelovali su eksterni revizori koji obavljaju ili su obavljali reviziju godišnjih fi nancijskih izvještaja kreditnih institucija, članovi uprave i nadzornih odbora kreditnih institucija te stečajni upravitelji i stručno osoblje kreditnih institucija u stečaju. Rezultati empirijskog istraživanja potvrđuju kako testirani komunikacijski model pridonosi učinkovitijem radu eksterne revizije i upravljačkih struktura kreditne institucije. ; Quality communication of external auditors with governance structures is of paramount importance for the efficient operation of credit institutions. Therefore, the question arises as to whether the formation of a model for the relationship of external auditors and the governance structures of a credit institution can enhance the work of an external audit, on the one hand, and the governance structures of a credit institution, on the other. The contribution of this research is: an analysis of the quality of external auditors' communication with the credit institution's governance structures and the impact of the quality of these relationships on the effectiveness of external audit and governance structures; an analysis of the quality of external auditors' communication with the credit institution's audit committee and the impact of the quality of those relationships on the effectiveness of the external audit and governance structures, in particular the supervisory board; identifying whether external audit inefficiencies are related to the opening of bankruptcies of credit institutions and determining whether the proposed model of relations between the external auditors and the credit institution's governance structures contributes to the better work of the external audit and to the better functioning of the credit institution's governance structures. The survey, conducted in the Republic of Croatia, involved external auditors that are or were auditing the annual financial statements of credit institutions, members of the management and supervisory boards of credit institutions, and insolvency office holders and professional staff of credit institutions in bankruptcy. The results of the empirical study confirm that the tested communication model contributes to a more efficient operation of the credit institution's external audit and governance structures.

Pitanje prave mjere decentralizacije unutar Grada Zagreba analizira se u širem okviru. Ističe se decentralizacija kao jedan od temeljnih reformskih procesa u suvremenim političko-upravljačkim sustavima europskih zemalja. No, decentralizacija nije jedini proces koji utječe na formiranje dobrih standarda upravljanja gradovima: nužno je uzeti u obzir i doktrinu dobrog upravljanja, koju podupire Europska unija, niz drugih međunarodnih organizacija, ali i sve veći broj zemalja. U ostvarenju standarda dobrog gradskog upravljanja razmatra se uloga mjesne samouprave u Hrvatskoj, a napose u velikim gradovima i Gradu Zagrebu. Upozorava se da osnivanje preko dvije stotine mjesnih odbora kao zasebnih pravnih osoba vodi prema fragmentaciji Grada Zagreba i bitno otežava ili čak i onemogućuje integrirano gradsko upravljanje i smisleno rješavanje urbanih i upravljačkih problema. ; The issue of adequate decentralisation within the City of Zagreb is analysed in the broader frame. Decentralisation is one of the main reform processes of the current governance system in European countries. However, decentralisation is not the only process that influences the standards of good urban governance. Good governance doctrine, supported and implemented in the European Union, many other international organisations, and increasing number of countries world-wide, should be taken into consideration as well. The role of territorial selfgovernment below municipal level in implementation of good urban governance standards in Croatia, especially within large cities and the City of Zagreb, is discussed. It should be emphasised that establishing more than two hundred of territorial committees as separate and full legal entities can cause managerial fragmentation in the City of Zagreb and hinder or even impede integral urban management and sound solving of numerous urban and managerial problems.

Die militärische Lage im Ukraine-Konflikt vs. geostrategischer Informationskrieg ○ Einordnung eines komplexen Krieges in globaler Dimension; ○ Dokumentation (dt. Übers.): • Meinung aus Paris und Chikago zur militärischen Lage in der Ukraine; • Meinung aus Moskau, Redaktion 'MOST' zur Anfangsperiode des bewaffneten Ukraine-Konflikts (März 2022); • Strategie zur Wiedereingliederung Krim–Sewastopol in die Ukraine (2021); ○ Sämtliche Textoriginale (russ., franz., ukr.).:Die militärische Lage im Ukraine-Konflikt vs. geostrategischer Informationskrieg - Global Governance im Diskurs (VII) ○ Vorwort von Rainer Böhme und Wilfried Schreiber: Einordnende Vorbemerkungen über einen komplexen Krieg in globaler Dimension. ○ Dokumentation • Beitrag Jacques Baud, Paris: Die militärische Lage in der Ukraine (Übers. a.d. Französ.: Rainer Böhme); • Beitrag Jacques Baud, Paris/Chicago: Aktuelle Information zur militärischen Lage in der Ukraine vom 25. März 2022' (Übers. a.d. Französ.: Rainer Böhme); • Beitrag Redaktion MOST, Moskau: Ein durchdachter 'Plan B' für den Ukraine-Krieg' (Übers. a.d. Russ.: Rainer Böhme); • Strategie zur Beendigung des Besatzungsregimes und Wiedereingliederung der vorübergehend besetzten Territorien der Autonomen Republik Krim und der Stadt Sewastopol' (2021) – Bestätigt durch Präsident W. Selenskij mit Erlass №117/2021 vom 24. März 2021. (Übersetzt a.d. Ukrainischen von Rainer Böhme). ○ Textoriginale: • Beitrag (franz.) Jacques Baud, 'Militär. Lage Ukraine' vom 14. März 2022; • Beitrag (franz.) Jacques Baud, 'Aktuelle militär. Lage Ukraine' vom 28. März 2022; • Beitrag (russ.) Redaktion Zeitschrift 'MOST', 'Plan B' vom 30. März 2022; • Strategie Krim–Sewastopol-Wiedereingliederung' Präs.-Erlass №117/2021 (ukr.) vom 24. März 2021.

The article develops a methodological basis for choosing the optimal model for managing the agglomeration of settlements. The existing agglomeration problems and the need to accelerate growth due to the agglomeration effect form a challenge to the agglomeration governance system. For an adequate response it is important to understand the capabilities of governance models. These capabilities can be expressed through the description of the features of the models.For a large-scale description of the features of models, it is necessary to form groups of features, characterize each feature, compare the models according to the degree of its manifestation, and, if possible, explain the reason for the differences. The article investigates research papers within the framework of the theory of municipal reformers, the theory of public choice, in particular on the issues of centralization / decentralization of municipalities, intermunicipal cooperation, the efficiency of the economy of the public sector. The authors used general scientific methods of analysis, synthesis, grouping, comparison.The revealed features make it possible to assess the governance model in terms of what the agglomeration will receive from its implementation. All features are combined into five groups: economic, social, administrative efficiency, democratization, stability. The study revealed 29 features, presented their explanation and degree of development, depending on the type of governance model.As a result of the study, the possibilities for justifying the feasibility of introducing models have increased. The authors represented scientific novelty by a more complete list of the features of models, a more detailed presentation of them, the approach of presenting information "from features", a convenient grouping that allows you to use the characteristic to assess the effectiveness of the activities of government authorities. The study can be useful for civil servants in charge of agglomeration processes. ; Статья развивает методологическую базу ...

Освещаются проблемные вопросы организации корпоративного управления на государственных предприятиях. Акцент делается на специфике государственного сектора экономики и его подсекторов: стратегического и военного. Предлагается методика измерения качества корпоративного управления госпредприятиями. ; Problematic issues of the organization of corporate governance at state enterprises are covered. The emphasis is on the specifics of the state sector of the economy and its subsectors: strategic and military. A methodology for measuring the quality of corporate governance by state enterprises is proposed.

Исследуются актуальные проблемы правового регулирования в сфере корпоративного управления. Авторы анализируют новеллы гражданского законодательства о корпорациях и корпоративном управлении, в частности нормы, регулирующие корпоративный договор. Установлено, что в статье Гражданского кодекса РФ, посвященной корпоративному договору, некоторые вопросы остались без внимания. К их числу относится возможность его расторжения. Очевидно, что в этом случае допустимо общее правило о соглашении сторон, но не может быть исключено и расторжение договора по требованию стороны договора. Нормы ст. 450 и 451 Гражданского кодекса РФ не могут быть применены в силу специфики корпоративного договора, нет соответствующих норм и в специальных законах, оперирующих понятием корпоративных соглашений. Этот пробел должен быть устранен именно в общей норме Гражданского кодекса РФ. Отмечается, что в процессе совершенствования правового регулирования корпоративного управления необходимо учитывать только положительный опыт зарубежных стран и не забывать о специфике национальной правовой системы и особенностях осуществления предпринимательской деятельности в России.DOI 10.14258/izvasu(2016)3-30 ; The article considers the topical problems of legal regulation in the sphere of corporate governance. The authors analyze the civil legislation on corporations and corporate governance, in particular the rules regulating the corporate contract. It was found that in the article of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, dedicated to the corporate contract, some issues remained unanswered. Among them is the possibility of its termination. Obviously, this case admits the general rule on the agreement of the parties, but the termination of the contract at the request of parties to the contract cannot be ruled out. The rules of Articles 450–451 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation cannot be applied due to the specifics of a corporate contract; there are no relevant rules in the special laws that operate with the concept of corporate agreements. This gap must be addressed to in the general rule in the Civil Code of the Russian Federation. It is noted that in the process of improving of legal regulation of corporate governance one should take into account only the positive experience of other countries and not forget about the peculiarities of the national legal system and peculiarities of doing business in Russia.DOI 10.14258/izvasu(2016)3-30

Russland und "der Westen" im Ringen um das strategische Kräftegleichgewicht in der Ukraine und in Kasachstan (2022) • Interview mit D. Trenin (dt. Übers.): Über die Wahrscheinlichkeit eines neuen bewaffneten Konflikts unter Beteiligung Russlands (2022); • Meinungsbeitrag aus Russland (dt. Übers.): Zur Furcht der USA vor der Neuschaffung eines postsowjetischen Unionsstaats; Kasachstan-Krise (2022). • Kommentar aus Berlin: Wie weiter mit dem Ukraine-Konflikt?". Vertragsentwürfe Russlands an die USA und NATO (2022). • Textoriginale (russ.).:Russland und "der Westen" im Ringen um das strategische Kräftegleichgewicht in der Ukraine und in Kasachstan (2022) • Vorwort von Rainer Böhme (Hrsg.) • Interview von Jelena Tschernenko mit Dmitrij Trenin, Direktor Carnegie Moscow Center: "Beide Szenarien haben ihren Preis und bergen Risiken". Über die Wahrscheinlichkeit eines neuen bewaffneten Konflikts unter Beteiligung Russlands. In: Tageszeitung 'Kommersant', Moskau, 25. Januar 2022. (Übersetzung a. d. Russ. von Rainer Böhme.) • Meinungsbeitrag von W. Pawlenko: 'Warum fürchtet man sich so in den USA vor der Neuschaffung eines postsowjetischen Unionsstaats?' In: IA REGNUM, Moskau, 10. Januar 2022. (Übersetzung a. d. Russ. von Rainer Böhme.) '• Kommentar aus Berlin von Wilfried Schreiber: 'Wie weiter mit dem Ukraine-Konflikt?' (2022). • Textoriginale (russ.): .- Interview von Jelena Tschernenko mit Dmitrij Trenin, Direktor Carnegie Moscow Center. In: Tageszeitung 'Kommersant', Moskau, 25. Januar 2022; .- Meinungsbeitrag von Wladimir Pawlenko. In: IA REGNUM, Moskau, 10. Januar 2022.