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Introduction to the thematic file on "Employee shareholding and corporate governance" in different countries of the European Union. ; International audience ; Introduction to the thematic file on "Employee shareholding and corporate governance" in different countries of the European Union. ; Article d'introduction du dossier thématique consacré à "L'actionnariat salarié et gouvernance de l'entreprise" dans différents pays de l'Union Européenne.

Capacity building, governance, and economic reform in Africa / Omar Kabbaj ... [et al.] -- The changing role of the state, governance and new capacity requirements / Tidjane Thiam ... [et al.] -- The challenge of achieving macroeconomic stability in Africa / Goodall Gondwe ... [et al.] -- Requirements for capacity building in Africa ... [et al.] -- Role of international financial institutions in capacity building in Africa / Ole Blicher Olsen ... [et al.]

International audience ; The concept of sustainable development produces its effects on all the social representations and practices, especially in the urban context. Through the example of urban transportation, it shows how the traditional mechanisms of market coordination and public regulation are profoundly affected. Based on the principle of a relationship between approaches that up until now were contradictory (economic competition, social cohesion and environmental protection), the sustainable development paradigm revolutionizes the existing collective decision-making system designed to balance antagonisms rather than generate consensus. The problematics of sustainability, and especially the intergenerational arbitration stakes, require us to design instruments to foster coherence between public and private strategies outside of the traditional market vs. regulation dilemma. Procedures of "governance" are much better suited to these new stakes than the traditional methods of government. They allow the reduction simultaneously of transaction costs and constraint effects ; they take place in a process of territorial organisational design ; they imply that the institutional, economic and social partners share several territorial conventions (in reference to the framework of " convention economics "). ; La notion de développement durable produit des effets profonds sur l'ensemble des représentations et des pratiques sociales, et notamment urbaines. L'exemple des transports urbains illustre comment les mécanismes traditionnels de coordination marchande ou de régulation publique en sont profondément affectés. Fondé sur le principe de l'articulation de logiques jusque là contradictoires (compétitivité économique, cohésion sociale et protection de l'environnement), le paradigme du dé-veloppement durable bouleverse en profondeur un système de décision collective conçu pour gérer des antagonismes et non pour produire du consensus. Les procédures de gouvernance sont beau-coup mieux adaptées à ces nouveaux enjeux que les traditionnelles méthodes de gouvernement. Elles permettent une réduction simultanées des coûts de transaction et des effets de contrainte, s'inscrivent dans une logique de design organisationnel territorial et supposent que les acteurs ins-titutionnels, économiques et sociaux partagent un certain nombre de conventions territoriales.

International audience ; The concept of sustainable development produces its effects on all the social representations and practices, especially in the urban context. Through the example of urban transportation, it shows how the traditional mechanisms of market coordination and public regulation are profoundly affected. Based on the principle of a relationship between approaches that up until now were contradictory (economic competition, social cohesion and environmental protection), the sustainable development paradigm revolutionizes the existing collective decision-making system designed to balance antagonisms rather than generate consensus. The problematics of sustainability, and especially the intergenerational arbitration stakes, require us to design instruments to foster coherence between public and private strategies outside of the traditional market vs. regulation dilemma. Procedures of "governance" are much better suited to these new stakes than the traditional methods of government. They allow the reduction simultaneously of transaction costs and constraint effects ; they take place in a process of territorial organisational design ; they imply that the institutional, economic and social partners share several territorial conventions (in reference to the framework of " convention economics "). ; La notion de développement durable produit des effets profonds sur l'ensemble des représentations et des pratiques sociales, et notamment urbaines. L'exemple des transports urbains illustre comment les mécanismes traditionnels de coordination marchande ou de régulation publique en sont profondément affectés. Fondé sur le principe de l'articulation de logiques jusque là contradictoires (compétitivité économique, cohésion sociale et protection de l'environnement), le paradigme du dé-veloppement durable bouleverse en profondeur un système de décision collective conçu pour gérer des antagonismes et non pour produire du consensus. Les procédures de gouvernance sont beau-coup mieux adaptées à ces nouveaux enjeux que ...