Suchergebnisse

Today, although governance is important for every country, it is of great importance in solving economic and social problems especially in developing countries. Many studies in the literature reveal that the understanding of governance affects the economic performance of countries positively. In this context, it is possible to evaluate countries comparatively by considering the effects of their governance quality on national economies. In this study, it is aimed to emphasize that the countries that are in a good position in terms of governance indicators are generally more successful in sustainable economic growth and development, and it has been tried to show that institutional differences are effective on the development gap between countries. In this study, the role of governance on economic growth and development was discussed and comparisons were made between Turkey and G7 countries based on the governance indicators in The Worldwide Governance Indicators (WGI) of the World Bank and economic performance data obtained from the World Bank. Governance indicators and macroeconomic data obtained from the World Bank are tabulated and the current situation of Turkey and G7 countries is interpreted. Significant differences were observed in the comparisons made. G7 countries have high scoring governance indicators that can produce positive economic results. On the other hand, Turkey's economic and governance indicators lag behind the averages of developed countries. ; Günümüzde yönetişim herülke için önemli olmakla birlikte özellikle gelişmekte olan ülkelerde yaşanan ekonomik ve sosyal sorunların çözümünde büyük önem arz etmektedir. Literatürde birçok çalışma yönetişim anlayışının ülkelerin ekonomik performansını olumlu yönde etkilediğini ortaya koymaktadır. Bu bağlamda ülkeleri yönetişim kalitelerinin ülke ekonomileri üzerinde yarattığı etkileri ile ele alarak karşılaştırmalı olarak değerlendirmek mümkün olabilmektedir. Bu çalışmada yönetişim göstergeleri açısından iyi konumda olan ülkelerin, sürdürülebilir bir ekonomik büyüme ve gelişme konusunda genellikle daha başarılı olduğu vurgulanmak istenmiştir ve ülkeler arası gelişmişlik farkı üzerinde kurumsal farklılıkların etkili olduğu gösterilmeye çalışılmıştır. Çalışmada yönetişimin ekonomik büyüme ve gelişme üzerindeki rolü ele alınmış olup Türkiye ile G7 ülkeleri arasında Dünya Bankası'nın The Worldwide Governance Indicators'da (WGI) yer alan yönetişim göstergelerine ve Dünya Bankası'ndan elde edilmiş ekonomik performans verilerine dayanarak karşılaştırmalar yapılmıştır. Dünya Bankasından elde edilen yönetişim göstergeleri ve makroekonomik veriler tablolaştırılarak Türkiye ve G7 ülkelerinin mevcut durumu yorumlanmıştır. Yapılan karşılaştırmalarda önemli farklılıklar olduğu gözlemlenmiştir. G7 ülkeleri olumlu ekonomik sonuçlar doğurabilen yüksek puanlı yönetişim göstergelerine sahiptirler. Türkiye'nin ise hem ekonomik hem de yönetişim göstergeleri gelişmiş ülkelerin ortalamalarının gerisinde kalmaktadır.

Political participation of people is a significant indicator of political specifying people's attention in politics effectively. This research study investigates political participation of people toward good governance principles implemented by local administrative organizations. Roi-Et municipality, Muang district, Roi-Et province was purposively selected as a target area for this research study since Roi-Et municipality received many awards such as Good Governance Awards, Prajadhipok Institute's awards and NACC Integrity Awards on transparency which imply that people residing in the area of Roi-Et municipality have knowledge concerning local administration. According to the field study, the researcher found that Roi-Et municipality people were interested in political matters; they usually talk about political issues, they always follow the political news broadcasted via various media channels such as radio and television including newspaper. However, they didn't have a chance to give complaints and participate in the development plan for the municipality. Consequently, the researcher became interested in studying political participation of people toward the principles of good government implemented by local administrative office. This research also investigated whether the interaction among the effective factors comprising gender, ages, education and occupations influences political participation of people or not. This research applied a documentary research methodology and exploratory research to collect the data from the sample group using a questionnaire as a research instrument. The samples were 300 eligible voters for municipal election residing in Roi-Et Municipality area. ; การมีส่วนร่วมทางการเมืองของประชาชน เป็นตัวชี้วัดทางรัฐศาสตร์ที่สำคัญบ่งบอกให้ทราบถึงความใส่ใจความสนใจทางการเมืองของประชาชนได้อย่างดีเยี่ยม งานวิจัยนี้ได้ศึกษาการมีส่วนร่วมทางการเมืองของประชาชนตามหลักการธรรมาภิบาลกับการปกครองท้องถิ่น ผู้วิจัยได้เลือกเทศบาลเมืองร้อยเอ็ด อำเภอเมือง จังหวัดร้อยเอ็ด เป็นพื้นที่ศึกษา ด้วยเหตุผลจากการที่เทศบาลเมืองร้อยเอ็ดได้รับรางวัลระดับประเทศมากมาย อาทิ รางวัลบริหารจัดการบ้านเมืองที่ดี รางวัลพระปกเกล้าทองคำ รางวัลท้องถิ่นต้นแบบที่มีความโปร่งใสจากสำนักงานป้องกันและปราบปรามการทุจริตแห่งชาติ นั้นย่อมแสดงให้เห็นได้ว่าประชาชนในเขตเทศบาล ต้องมีความรู้ความเข้าในด้านการปกครองท้องถิ่นและที่สำคัญการความร่วมมือ จากการลงพื้นที่พบว่า ประชาชนให้ความสนใจด้านการเมือง มีการพูดคุยสนทนากัน รับฟังข่าวสารทางการเมืองตามสื่อวิทยุ โทรทัศน์และสื่อหนังสื่อพิมพ์อยู่เสมอ แต่การร้องทุกข์ร้องเรียน การร่วมวางแผนพัฒนาเทศบาลพบว่ามีส่วนน้อย ทำให้ผู้วิจัยสนใจที่จะศึกษาถึงการมีส่วนร่วมทางการเมืองของประชาชนตามหลักธรรมาภิบาลเป็นการวิจัยความสัมพันธ์ของประชาชนด้านเพศ อายุ การศึกษาและอาชีพ จะส่งผลต่อการมีร่วมร่วมทางการเมืองหรือไม่ การศึกษาครั้งนี้ใช้วิธีการศึกษาทางเอกสาร การวิจัยเชิงสำรวจด้วยการใช้แบบสอบถามเก็บข้อมูลจากกลุ่มตัวอย่างที่เป็นประชาชนผู้มีสิทธิเลือกตั้งในเขตเทศบาลเมืองร้อยเอ็ด จำนวน 300 คน

Bu çalışmada gerek küresel gerek teknolojik anlamda yaşanan gelişmeler ve değişimler ve bunların getirdiği yenileşme sürecinde kamu yönetimlerinde reform ihtiyacı bağlamında yönetişim anlayışı incelenmiştir. Bu çerçevede çalışmanın birinci bölümünde öncelikle yönetişim kavramının ifade ettiği anlam açıklanmış ve yönetişimin benzer ya da yakın anlam ifade ettiği diğer kavramlarla ortak ve ayrık yönleri ortaya konmuştur. Ayrıca yönetişimin genel özellikleri üzerinde durulmuş ve içerik itibarıyla sahip olduğu ilkeler ayrıntılı bir şekilde irdelenmiştir. Çalışmanın ikinci bölümünde, yönetişimin unsurlarından sivil toplum örgütleri ve devlet ayrıntılı bir şekilde incelenmiş ve bu unsurların Türkiye değerlendirmesi yapılmıştır. Bundan sonra ülkemizde öncelikle kamu yönetiminde reforma duyulan ihtiyacın tespit edilen nedenleri üzerinde durulmuştur. Çalışmanın üçüncü bölümünde ise kamu yönetiminde reform gerekliliği kapsamında yönetişim adımı olarak değerlendirilebilecek bazı düzenlemeler tespit edilerek bunların gelişim sürecine değinilip yönetişim kapsamında ifade ettiği anlam yönetişimin ilkeleri çerçevesinde belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Çalışmanın sonuç bölümünde ise özellikle yönetişim kapsamında ortaya konan Türkiye değerlendirmeleri çerçevesinde yönetişimin ülkemiz kamu yönetimi için gerekliliği savından hareketle ülkemiz kamu yönetiminde yönetişim uygulamalarına engel etkenler tespit edilerek bazı önerilerde bulunulmuştur. ; In this study the idea of governance is investigated in the concept of reform necessity in the public administration, the developments and changes in both the global and techonological area. In this frame, first the meaning of governance is explained and the common and different aspects of governance with the words having similar or close meanings are explained. The general features and principles of governance are examined in detail. In the second part of the study, non-governmental organizations and the state, as the compenents of governance, are investigated in detail and the application of these compenents in Turkey are evaluated. Then the causes of the need in the public administration are defined. In the third part of the study, some arrengements which can be evaluated as the steps of governance are examined, the process of development of these arrengements and their meanings are determined in the frame of the principles of governance. In the final chapter of the study in the frame of the evaluations of governance implementations in our country, the obstacles against governance applications in public administration are determined and some proposals are made considering governance is a necessity for public administration in our country

Abstract The article on "Organization Development According to Good Governance in Thailand 4.0" is an academic that aims to study the development of the body within the modern situation by adhering to the concept of good governance as a framework for development. This article used the study method from the document research. The results of the study showed that organizational development with goals and in accordance with good governance It is important and necessary in the modern era. That is necessary for competition in the digital age AI (AI) that must be fair to both members in the organization, transparency and can be checked Which will be an important base that leads to competition Supports under changing circumstances and constantly changing And more importantly, will benefit the organization and members of society in a holistic way ; บทคัดย่อ บทความเรื่อง "การพัฒนาองค์การตามหลักธรรมาภิบาลในยุคไทยแลนด์ 4.0" เป็นความทางวิชาการที่มุ่งศึกษาแนวทางการพัฒนาการองค์ภายในสถานการณ์สมัยใหม่โดยยึดแนวคิดในเรื่องธรรมาภิบาลมาเป็นกรอบในการพัฒนา ใช้วิธีการศึกษาจากเอกสาร งานวิจัยวิเคราะห์ออกมาเป็นความเรียง ผลการศึกษา พบว่าการพัฒนาองค์การ อย่างมีเป้าหมายและให้เป็นไปตามหลักธรรมาภิบาล นับเป็นความสำคัญและมีความจำเป็นในยุคสมัยใหม่ ที่มีความจำเป็นสำหรับการแข่งขันในยุคดิจิตอล (Digital) ยุคเอไอ (AI) รวมเรียกยุค 4.0 ที่ต้องมีความเที่ยงธรรมทั้งต่อสมาชิกในองค์กร โปร่งใส และตรวจสอบได้ อันจะเป็นฐานสำคัญที่นำไปสู่การแข่งขัน ใต้สถานการณ์ที่เปลี่ยนแปลงและเปลี่ยนผ่านตลอดเวลา และที่สำคัญจะเป็นประโยชน์ต่อองค์กรและสมาชิกในสังคมในองค์รวมด้วย

TEZ9907 ; Tez (Doktora) -- Çukurova Üniversitesi, Adana, 2015. ; Kaynakça (s. 244-265) var. ; xviii, 266 s. ; 29 cm. ; Sosyal bilimlerin birçok alanında kullanılan, disiplinler arası bir kavram olan kurumlar, iktisat yazınında önemli bir yer tutmaya başlamıştır. North'un kavramsallaştırması ile oyunun kuralları olarak tanımlanan kurumlar, bireylerin davranışkalıplarını belirleyen kısıtları koymaktadır. Bu kısıtlar resmi veya gayri resmi nitelikte olabilir. İnsan davranışları üzerindeki etkisi her geçen gün daha fazla kabul gören kurumlar, iktisadi ve siyasi olarak sistemin işleyişini, sistemin kazan ve kaybedenlerini de belirleme gücüne sahiptir. Bu işleyiş birçok araştırmacı tarafından farklı yönleri ile alınarak kavramsallaştırılmıştır. Kurumların gelişmişlik düzeyi üzerindeki etkisini ele alan birçok kuram geliştirilmiştir. Kurumlar literatürüne bu anlamda katkı sunan önemli isimlerden biri de Daron Acemoğlu'dur. Kurumların kapsayıcı veya dışlayıcı niteliğe sahip olmasını toplumsal atışma teorisi temelinde ele alan Acemoğlu'na göre kapsayıcı kurumlara sahip ülkeler gelişme gösterebilmektedir. Çünkü bu ülkeler farklı sosyal gruplar arasında uzlaştırıcı bir iktisadi ve siyasi sistem kurgulayarak siyasi gücün tek bir kişi veya grup elinde toplanmasını engellemektedir. Böylelikle yatırım ve yenilik yapma isteği, kendi kazancına ve mülkiyetine sahip çıkabileceğini bilen bireylerin oluşturduğu toplumlarda gelişmiş olmaktadır. Gelişme probleminin önündeki en önemli sorun, elindeki siyasi gücü kaybetme kaygısı taşıyan seçkinlerin toplumun elindeki kaynakları sadece kendileri için kullanmasıdır. Siyasi kaybedenler hipotezi olarak ifade edilen bu yaklaşım, siyasi gücün ve siyasi kurumların önemine de vurgu yapar. Bu çalışmada siyasi kaybedenler hipotezi Türkiye özelinde de ele alınarak değerlendirilmiştir. Cumhuriyetin kuruluşundan bugüne kadar farklı sosyal gruplar arasındaki çatışmaları uzlaştırıcı kapsayıcı kurumların oluşturulamaması, yönetişim başarısızlıklarının temel sonucu olarak görülmektedir. Ayrıca yapılan panel ; Institution as an interdisciplinary concept which is used in a vast range of social sciences has a great importance in economics literature nowadays. Related to the North, we can define it as the rule of games, which means that institutions put constrains on individuals' behaviors. These constraints can be in formal forms as well as informal ones. That the human behaviors are designed by institutions is becoming a wellaccepted idea day by day, therefore it is the same to accept thefunctions of institutions in economics and social process; its power on determining the losers and winners of society. This process with its different sides has been investigated by scientists. Several theories are constructed for understanding therelations between institutions and development level. Daron Acemoğlu is one of the economists who have important contributions to the institutional theory. He uses inclusive and exclusive institutions concept with social conflict theories for explaining the reason for that some countries have better development level in compare to others. Since these countries succeed in establishing political and economic institutions which have ability solve social conflicts in order to prevent elites' selfinterested behaviors for using societies' resources. Therefore incentives for investment and innovation can grow societies which have well protected property rights and gains. The most important problem for development is the fear of elites who do not want to lose their political power. This theory is called political losers hypothesis and it underlines the importance of political institutions accompanied with political power. In this study, political losers hypothesis was investigated as a case study for Turkey's history. The main result is that Turkey's exclusive institutions have inability to solve social conflicts which cause the governance problems. Additionally, the panel data analysis results support the informal institutions' effects on development and shows how it affects the changes related to development level. ; Bu çalışma Ç.Ü. Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Birimi tarafından desteklenmiştir. Proje No: İİBF2012D4.

The Arctic is saturated with nuclear facilities bringing both benefits for regional economic and social development and risks of nuclear and radiological accidents and concerns about radioactive wastes. There is every reason to expect the Arctic will remain a nuclearized region during the foreseeable future. This makes it important to direct attention to issues of nuclear safety and security in the region. We identify several clusters of these issues in the Arctic, including the challenges of potential nuclear accidents, the handling of spent nuclear fuel and radioactive waste, the cleanup of radiological contaminants, and concerns about nuclear security. An analysis of international conventions and voluntary codes of conduct shows that they are applicable to Arctic nuclear safety and security, but only in general terms. This suggests a need for an Arctic-specific agreement on nuclear and radiological safety, emergency preparedness and response, and cleanup of radiological contaminants. The outbreak of military hostilities in Ukraine in February 2022 has disrupted normal procedures for addressing issues of common concern in the Arctic. But the need for co-operation regarding matters like nuclear safety and security will not go away. Assuming it is possible to devise "necessary modalities" for restarting the work of the Arctic Council following the acute phase of the Ukraine crisis, an Arctic-specific agreement on nuclear safety and security could be developed under the auspices of the Arctic Council, which already has taken an interest in nuclear safety through the activities of its Working Group on Emergency Prevention, Preparedness and Response. Once such an agreement is in place, it will become important to consider the infrastructure needed to ensure that its provisions are implemented effectively.

Yerel yönetim alanında yapılanmevzuat değişiklikleri göz ününe alındığındamahalle yönetimleri, merkez ve yerel arasındakalan bir yer teşkil etmektedir. Mahalleyönetimleri konusunda herhangi bir değişikliğinyapılmamış olması, mahallelerin anakronik birmesele olarak kalmasına neden olmuştur. Yerelyönetim mevzuatlarında birçok değişiklikyapılmasına rağmen yerel demokrasininbe şiğini t e şkil eden köy ve maha ll eyönetimlerine bigane kalınması kentselalanların temelini teşkil eden mahalleyönetimlerini birçok sorunla karşı karşıyabırakmıştır. Diğer yerel yönetim birimleridevingen bir mevzuat değişikliğine tabiiolurken, yerel demokrasinin ilk sacayağınıteşkil eden bu birimler 65 yılı aşan kanunlarlayönetilmektedirler. Birçok benzerliğe karşınmahalle yönetiminin sahip olduğu sorunlar onuköy yönetiminden ayırarak sahip olduğuproblemleri sistematik hale getirmektedir. Buamaçla çalışmada; Osmanlıdan Cumhuriyeteintikal eden tarihsel misyonuyla mahalleyönetiminin gelişimi ve Cumhuriyet dönemindeyaşadığı mevzuat değişikliklerinin yanı sıra,"kimlik sorunu" başta olmak üzere, "nüfus" veyeni büyükşehir mevzuatı çerçevesindekisorunları ele alınmıştır. Mahalle yönetimininbizce en önemli sorunu olarak görülen busorunlar, mahalle yönetimlerini birçoktartışmanın odağına taşımış bulunmaktadır. Buhedefle mahalle yönetimlerine ilişkin birtakımöneriler tartışılmıştır ; Given the legislative changes made in the local administration area, it is seen that the neighborhood administrations remain between the center and the local. The fact that no changes have been made regarding neighborhood administrations caused the neighborhoods to turn into an anachronical problem. Although many changes have been made in local government regulations, the lack of interest in the village and neighborhood administrations that form the basis of local democracy has left the neighborhood administrations that constitute the basis of the urban areas facing many problems. While other local government units are subject to dynamic legislation neighborhood governments, which constitute the first pillar of local democracy, are governed by laws over 65 years. Despite many similarities, the problems of the neighborhood administration make it systematic by separating it from the village administration. In this study, firstly, the development of neighborhood management is discussed with its historical mission from the Ottoman to the Republic. In addition to the legislative changes made in the Republican period, the problems within the framework of "population" and the new metropolitan legislation, especially the "identity problem", have been discussed. These topics, which constitute the main problems of neighborhood management, have been examined in detail and some solutions for these problems have been presented.