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Purpose: In this paper we lay out the evaluation of non-compliance with the Code of Principles of Good Corporate Governance and the analyses of the adequacy of the explanations provided thereof, including the overall effectiveness of the existing regulatory framework. Design/methodology/approach: To achieve the objectives of this study, a review of the non-compliance section of the corporate governance statements of each Maltese listed company was carried out for the years 2012, 2014 and 2016. Furthermore, 13 semi-structured interviews were held. Findings: The paper finds that a general insufficiency in the explanations provided for non-compliance exists. Some entities give only lip service to the provisions of the Code as they fail to realise the benefits an entity may reap from having good corporate governance structures in place. There is a lack of education and awareness in this regard, and not only on the part of companies but also on the part of shareholders who seem to make minimal use of the information provided in the corporate governance statements. Practical implications: The study raises awareness of the need of improving corporate governance practices, as well as education on corporate governance, across Maltese listed companies. It is hoped that the recommendations made may encourage entities to improve in their reporting and the regulator to provide further guidance to entities to do so. Originality/value: Prior to the amendment of existing rules, increased enforcement of the current regulatory framework and monitoring by the regulator is required. The study highlights the misconceptions on the auditor's role in corporate governance. ; peer-reviewed

This paper focuses on twenty‐first‐century‐trade governance patterns within the Commonwealth (CW) countries. It uses an augmented gravity model to examine the role of governance in influencing trade and investment flows, and whether enhanced trade governance within the CW countries could potentially foster trade gains, on a both intra‐ and extra‐CW basis. Results show a 10% reduction in the costs incurred for a good to exit a country can increase intra‐CW exports by 5%. Second, contract enforcement is more efficient among CW members, and requires 20% less time compared to the world average. Third, every 1 percentage point improvement in government effectiveness triggers an increase in exports from CW, at 3.4%, compared to the rest of the world, at 2.4%. Finally, trade between CW members is three times higher when they belong to an existing regional trade agreement (F10, 011, F13).

This essay discusses tribal claims to data sovereignty and informational privacy, examining the nature of the respective claims, as well as how tribal governments can exercise effective authority over the collection and use of data about the community and its members. Part I of the essay explores the issue of data sovereignty comparatively, framing the concept within its global and national contexts, and then discussing the rights of tribal governments and other Indigenous peoples. Part II of the essay examines the various claims that are comprised within the movement toward "Indigenous data sovereignty," as well as the current context of data governance by tribal governments. Part III of the essay discusses three substantive areas of research that test out the reach of these principles. The essay concludes with recommendations for actions that tribal governments can take to enhance their ability to exercise governance authority over their data.

The objective of this study is to assess governance drivers of FDI in a panel of BRICS and MINT countries for the period 2001-2011. We bundle and unbundle governance determinants using a battery of contemporary and non-contemporary estimation techniques. Our findings reveal the following: Firstly, for both contemporary and non-contemporary specifications, while the majority of our governance determinants of Gross FDI are significant, they are overwhelmingly insignificant for Net FDI. Secondly, the significance of the governance dynamics in increasing order of magnitude are general governance, political governance, economic governance, political stability, regulation quality and government effectiveness. Thirdly, for non-contemporary specifications, the significance of governance variables is as follows in ascending order of magnitude: economic governance, institutional governance, general governance, corruption-control, political governance and political stability. The importance of combining governance indicators is captured by the effects of political governance, economic governance and institutional governance. The results indicate that the simultaneous implementation of the various components of governance clarifies a country's attractiveness for FDI location. Policy implications are discussed with particular emphasis on the timing of FDI and its targeting.

Source at http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi-fe2019060618731 . ; This special issue of Barents Studies attempts to contribute to a better understanding of the role of local governance in strategic development of the High North, with examples from the Barents Region. The High North regions have gained increased attention for their natural resources (including fish, oil, gas, minerals, tourist destinations, new transport solutions, and digital infrastructure), for creating business potential, and for opportunities to fuel continuous global economic growth (AMAP 2017). National governments increasingly expect key institutional actors in High North regions to take the responsibility for managing those vast resources in order to further local and regional economic and social development.

This article investigates the profound ambiguity of the state in the organization of contemporary business–society relations. On the one hand, there has been a decisive shift from government to governance, encouraging private actors, such as corporations, communities and NGOs, to address social and environmental concerns themselves, i.e. without the state's involvement. On the other hand, however, the continued importance and relevance of the organized state is difficult to ignore. In this article we examine the role of the state in three cases of mining conflicts in Chile, one of the world's most important mining countries. Through longitudinal, qualitative research of conflictive mining governance relations between state organizations, large corporations and local communities, we show that the modes of influence conducted by the Chilean state oscillate between direct, central steering ('cathedral') and indirect, dispersed vouching ('bazaar'). Elaborating on Foucault's concept of governmentality, we offer a hybrid theory of state organization, where the dematerialization of the state's responsibility is seen not as the norm but rather as a particular mode of governance that sits alongside the underestimated, yet enduring, material involvement of the state. ; This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement No 707485

Energy security is an ambiguous concept. Growing academic interest has aimed at defining, conceptualising and measuring energy security, often through indicators. Energy policy in the European Union (EU) is not concerned with energy security's ambiguous conceptualisation, nor does it use energy security indicators, but it refers consistently to security as one of its primary aims. In this paper, by analysing the use of energy security both in scientific publications and in EU policy, we argue that the ambiguity of the concept plays a function in the policy process and is only seen as a problem in the academic literature. Building on the uncertainty literature, we conceptualise ambiguity as the type of uncertainty that emerges from complexity. Complexity leads to the existence of multiple representations of a system, which may serve different purposes in the policy process, generating ambiguity. Uncertainty is mobilised to frame energy policy as a matter of security. This has implications for the science-policy interface: on one hand, the analysis suggests that science's aim of providing holistic assessments and clarifications may not serve its desired instrumental purpose in policymaking; on the other, ambiguity allows for materially ineffective policy measures to persist in the name of energy security.

Purpose - This study investigates the role of financial access in moderating the effect of governance on insurance consumption in 42 Sub-Saharan African countries using data for the period 2004-2014. Design/methodology/approach - Two life insurance indicators are used, notably: life insurance and non-life insurance. Six governance measurements are also used, namely: political stability, "voice & accountability", government effectiveness, regulation quality, corruption-control and the rule of law. The empirical evidence is based on the Generalised Method of Moments (GMM) and Least Squares Dummy Variable Corrected (LSDVC) estimators. Findings - Estimations from the LSDVC are not significant while the following main findings are established from the GMM. First, financial access promotes life insurance through channels of political stability, "voice & accountability", government effectiveness, the rule of law and corruption-control. Second, financial access also stimulates non-life insurance via governance mechanisms of political stability, "voice & accountability", government effectiveness, regulation quality, the rule of law and corruption-control. Originality/value - This research complements the sparse literature on insurance promotion in Africa by engaging the hitherto unexplored role of financial access through governance channels.

The Government's duty other than the Government conducting a public service that is characterized by good governance. In Lowokwaru, time service itself became one things to note again. This can hamper service rendered to the society. In addition to the time of service, service officer presence also the things that can hinder the effectiveness and efficiency of the public services which are given to the community. This study uses qualitative methods. Using data collection techniques interviews, observation, and documentation. Determination of sampling techniques using the purposive addition. Data was analyzed through data reduction stage, the presentation of data, and the withdrawal of the conclusion. Validity test of the data, researchers used triangulation techniques. Research results application of the principles of good governance in improving the quality of public services in Lowokwaru already going pretty well. But in some aspects still contained flaws. It a barrier among other less familiar society requirements, service officers not to enter the work, power outages, as well as the network is unstable. Things that support among other hospitality-giver services officer, completeness of facilities and infrastructure, as well as the competence of the officers the service givers.

Recent developments around the sharing economy bring to the fore questions of governability and broader societal Benefit - and subsequently the need to explore effective means of public governance, from nurturing, on the one hand, to restriction, on the other. As sharing is a predominately urban phenomenon in modern societies, cities around the globe have become both locus of action and central actor in the debates over the nature and organization of the sharing economy. However, cities vary substantially in the interpretation of potential opportunities and challenges, as well as in their governance responses. Building on a qualitative comparative analysis of 16 leading global cities, our findings reveal four framings of the sharing economy: "societal endangerment", "societal enhancement", "market disruption", and "ecological Transition". Such framings go hand in hand with patterned governance responses: although there is considerable heterogeneity in the combination of public governance strategies, we find specific configurations of framings and public governance strategies. Our work reflects the political and ethical debates on various economic, social, and moral issues related to the sharing economy, and contrib-utes to a better understanding of the field-level institutional Arrangements-a prerequisite for examining moral behavior of sharing economy organizations.