Suchergebnisse

Le tourisme participe du changement des politiques territoriales : en 40 ans, on passe d'une intervention volontaire étatique planifiée à un système de décision publique intercommunale*, où se gèrent désormais les tensions entre intérêts collectifs locaux et intérêt général. Avec l'apparition concomitante des excès du tourisme de masse, de la crise économique et des mouvements de décentralisation* (France), de régionalisation* (Espagne, Italie), de fédéralisme (Belgique), voire, plus tard de devolution* (Grande Bretagne), on assiste partout à un développement différencié des territoires.

Le tourisme participe du changement des politiques territoriales : en 40 ans, on passe d'une intervention volontaire étatique planifiée à un système de décision publique intercommunale*, où se gèrent désormais les tensions entre intérêts collectifs locaux et intérêt général. Avec l'apparition concomitante des excès du tourisme de masse, de la crise économique et des mouvements de décentralisation* (France), de régionalisation* (Espagne, Italie), de fédéralisme (Belgique), voire, plus tard de devolution* (Grande Bretagne), on assiste partout à un développement différencié des territoires.

The author investigates influence of political changes in Poland and Central Europe on tourism development. The text is written in a form of essay, what permits to jump from descriptive to synthetic forms of analysis. She uses of many examples of social behaviours of Poles trying to omit restrictions of traveling abroad, and many other cases showing the core of a great need for new self-identity in a newly integrated Europe. Where is tourism role in contemporary geopolitical changes in Poland and Europe? The author tries to describe the problem posing the questions fare out of routine. ; The Higher School of Tourism and Foreign Languages in Warsaw ; Elżbieta Puchnarewicz

This study addresses the big problem that tourism projects and initiatives are encountering. Lack of financing is a common challenge hindering the development of tourism, resulting to a number of popular destinations that are slowly dying (e.g. the Great Wall of China, and the Angkor Wat). The purpose of Tourism Finance is to set criteria on which value-adding tourism projects should receive investment funding; and to evaluate a tourism organization's financial needs to better decide on what capital structure (i.e., debt and/or equity) to appropriately raise to minimize the weighted average cost of capital. The method of this research is using qualitative research method with techniques of data collection by literature study and that were conducted by discussing seven potential sources of travel and tourism financing. Output, the result of this research is recommendations for leader in travel and tourism in improving the performance of tourism finance, investments to maintain the financial sustainability of organizations (i.e., business, non-profit and government) involved in the travel and tourism sectors.

Tourism, seen as a complex social and economic phenomenon, emerges to an unseen level of progress and advancement worldwide. It is known that tourism represents a complicated occurrence that has a great impact on the international economy – of course in a positive sense. It represents a so called "tourism industry" because of the large number of implications that arise from it and is at the same time one of the largest economy activities worldwide. Over the past few years, the travel and tourism industry has had to contend with a series of unprecedented challenges. Political uncertainty, terrorism, consumer wariness and economic turbulence have all placed enormous pressure on this industry. These events have left their mark – not only on the balance sheets of industry players and on global employment, but also in terms of changes in consumer demand and behaviour. In an effort to adapt to the shifting marketplace, the travel and tourism industry has had to restructure and refocus its efforts. While business plans have become increasingly short term, more and more governments are realizing that they can not leave travel and tourism growth to chance. This emerging global consciousness represents a great opportunity for this industry. It is important to determine the demand for passenger space travel. This requires information ranging from the world population of people wealthy enough to afford such flights to their fitness and interest levels. Although the existence of the evolution towards this direction is obvious, numerous factors contributed for the deceleration of public space tourism development. One slowdown of this process is the insufficient knowledge and understanding about the extent of the market's true potential. Certainly, the various difficulties that emerge from this type of tourism development, such as undefined relations in regulation, legislation, insurance and safety, market blockages etc. can not be disregarded. Therefore, appropriate understanding and research about the public interests for this kind of travel is needed, as well as qualitative and quantitative forecast analysis for future tourism demand and supply. This is intended in order to achieve a clear defining of the volume and characteristics of the market's potential, which will have positive benefits and advantages for all involved stakeholders in this new tourism activity: transport construction of space stations/space hotels, investments, insurance and safety, finances, state policies, as well as trade and tourism entirely.

The project is about analyzing and visualizing metadata of tourism websites of three states (Virginia, Colorado, and California) from 1998 to 2018. Each state in the United States has its own state website that is used as a resource to attract new tourists to this location. Each of these sites usually includes great attractions in this state, travel tips and facts about this place, blog posts, and reviews from other people who have been there. Suggestions regarding what might attract potential customers could emerge from examining past tourism websites and looking for any patterns amongst them that would determine what worked and what didnt. These patterns can then be used to determine what was successful and use that information to make better-informed decisions on the future of state tourism. We will use the historical analysis of past government tourism websites to further support research on content and traffic trends on these websites. The various iterations of each state's tourism website are saved as snapshots in the Internet Archive. Our team was given the Parquet files having the snapshots of data containing the information recording tourism for California, Colorado, and Virginia dating back to 1998. We used a combination of Pythons Pandas library and Beautiful Soup to examine and extract relevant pieces of data from the given Parquet files. This data was scraped to extract the meta tags used for the website as of that date. With this data, we plotted the presence of all the variations on a state's tourism website in chronological order. This made it possible for us to analyze the addition and removal of keywords and to see other changes that were made like using phrases, capitalizations, keywords in languages other than English, and updating of keywords based on internet trends. This led us to conclude that meta tags play a very important role in a website's search engine ranking and a lot of analysis needs to be done keeping in mind the primary user base of the website. ; The TourismWebsitesReport files contain the full report that demonstrates the solution approach, design, implementation of the work completed, brief manual page to aid the use of the application, lessons learned, and possible future work. The TourismWebsitesReport files have been uploaded in both .docx and .pdf versions. The TourismWebsitesPresentation file contains the slides that give a brief overview of the project including the timeline and the implementation details. They explain the collaborative approach taken by our team to produce the desired outcome. The TourismWebsitesPresentation files have been uploaded in both .pptx and .pdf versions. The files relating to the codebase to the application have been uploaded as TourismWebsitesCode.zip; it contains all of our Python scripts used to run the code. The results have been uploaded as TourismWebsitesResults.zip which contains all of the final JSON files and the graphs for each of the states.

Purpose: The purpose of this viewpoint article is to discuss whether or not dark tourism can be developed around the sites of recent terrorist attacks in France.Design/methodology/approach: The article is based on a literature review of key terms: dark tourism; tourism; terrorism. Findings: The article observes that dark tourism is not popular in France and dark tourism activities are unlikely to develop anywhere nearer the places where the recent terrorist attacks happened. France remains rather conservative in some aspects related to death. Practical implications: Recent events in France might challenge the leadership of the destination. The disturbing commonalities between tourism and terrorism make it difficult to figure out suitable recovery strategies that would contribute to enhancing the image of the destination without jeopardising the life of civilians. Originality/value: This paper presents France as a politically unstable tourist destination. In general, this scenario is normally associated with less developed countries or non-established tourist destinations.

Social Tourism has gained wide recognition for the benefits it brings to citizens who would otherwise not be able to participate in tourism. Social tourism also delivers benefits to the tourism industry, to destinations and to provide a positive return on investment for governments. However, whilst policy makers extol the virtues of social tourism, programmes have struggled to remain resilient under pressure on public finances caused by the Global Financial Crisis. This paper reviews the contributions of social tourism to sustainable tourism, critically assesses their potential to drive sustainable tourism in the future and makes recommendations for European policy makers.

This essay gives definition to sustainable tourism and ecotourism. It also includes an outline for the difference between the two. Geographic examples given include Kenya, Mt. Everest, Iceland, and Los Angeles. Through a political ecology lens, it analyzes both forms of tourism and provides evidence to why sustainable tourism should be pursued over ecotourism. As tourism is a driving force in the global economy, stakeholders such as the local communities must be given the highest consideration; and as consumers, we must make choices that provide the most positive impact.

Tourism has become an integral part of various economies globally. It has the capacity to create employment opportunities for the unskilled and skilled individuals. Agrotourism is an economic strategy aimed at assisting villagers in establishing alternative sources of income and preserving their cultures. Agrotourism integrates agricultural and touristic activities. he benefits of agrotourism are widely acknowledged by both the urban and rural communities. However, there are some problems in the way these centers are developed. In order to overcome these issues, the government should support the efforts of the farmers in developing such centers.

This community service program is aimed to improve the ability of Tangkeno youth in serving foreign visitor by using English. This is done due to the examine of the problems commonly faced by the Tangkeno in serving foreign visitor namely: (1) guiding services are still performed by external parties; (2) alternative tourist spots tend to be not visited by visitors who come without a guide, it is caused by the absence of a local guide who can direct visitors to that alternatives spot; and (3) although some residents have been delegated to learn English intensively in Pare, East Java, but they have not been able to serve up to guests.This community service program includes four phases of activities, namely: ((1) preparation, preparation of curriculum and syllabus of learning English Tourism; (2) the determination of the participants; (3) the English tourism training; (4) practice/micro guiding English; and (5 ) writing report. Furthermore, the method used in the training and mentoring include: (1) participatory methods, (2) focus group discussions (FGD) (3) division of the working group (4) practice and training in the classroom, (5) Analysts need. Finally, the resulting output are as follow (1) a local guide in the village Tangkeno; (2) MoU Government of Bombana and Nineteen Universitas Sembilanbelas November Kolaka; and (3) Scientific Publications

Terrains effectués dans le cadre d'une CIFRE, puis d'une allocation de la Mission du patrimoine ethnologique. soutenance initialement prévue en 2002 (date inscrite sur la couverture) ; This thesis examines the symbolic dimensions belonging to the politics of cultural and patrimonial tourism. It is founded on multisited investigations (the city and the village of Touraine, as well the Congress of Tourism). The research is also based on the study of institutional and promotional literature at the local, national, European and international levels. Since cultural tourism is already marginal from a financial standpoint and even its own idiom is too restrictive, it can not embody the complex trends in tourism. Consequently, I do not consider cultural tourism to be a sector of tourism but rather an institutional concept and I question its semantic success. The doctrine of cultural tourism instituted by international institutions is presented as the good influx, opposed to mass tourism. For professionals in the fields of culture and tourism, cultural tourism conventions and exhibitions constitute a commonplace for producing and diffusing communication standards and exposure. In order to attract tourism, the communities create networks, rename their territory, adapt History, and manufacture identifying images. My thesis demonstrates that the politics of cultural tourism are driven by recognition using an alterity, effective by virtue of its abstractness. The alterity of tourism is artificial and normative as the identities represented. However, some people manage to poach the images produced to invent their community. This research also evokes the ambiguous relations between tourism and ethnography. Ultimately, I suggest enlightening this blind spot in order to redeem a political anthropology of tourism. ; Cette thèse examine les dimensions symboliques des politiques de tourisme culturel et patrimonial. Elle est fondée sur des enquêtes multisites (ville et village de Touraine, salons et congrès de tourisme) et sur ...

Terrains effectués dans le cadre d'une CIFRE, puis d'une allocation de la Mission du patrimoine ethnologique. soutenance initialement prévue en 2002 (date inscrite sur la couverture) ; This thesis examines the symbolic dimensions belonging to the politics of cultural and patrimonial tourism. It is founded on multisited investigations (the city and the village of Touraine, as well the Congress of Tourism). The research is also based on the study of institutional and promotional literature at the local, national, European and international levels. Since cultural tourism is already marginal from a financial standpoint and even its own idiom is too restrictive, it can not embody the complex trends in tourism. Consequently, I do not consider cultural tourism to be a sector of tourism but rather an institutional concept and I question its semantic success. The doctrine of cultural tourism instituted by international institutions is presented as the good influx, opposed to mass tourism. For professionals in the fields of culture and tourism, cultural tourism conventions and exhibitions constitute a commonplace for producing and diffusing communication standards and exposure. In order to attract tourism, the communities create networks, rename their territory, adapt History, and manufacture identifying images. My thesis demonstrates that the politics of cultural tourism are driven by recognition using an alterity, effective by virtue of its abstractness. The alterity of tourism is artificial and normative as the identities represented. However, some people manage to poach the images produced to invent their community. This research also evokes the ambiguous relations between tourism and ethnography. Ultimately, I suggest enlightening this blind spot in order to redeem a political anthropology of tourism. ; Cette thèse examine les dimensions symboliques des politiques de tourisme culturel et patrimonial. Elle est fondée sur des enquêtes multisites (ville et village de Touraine, salons et congrès de tourisme) et sur ...

Purpose: The purpose of this viewpoint article is to discuss whether or not dark tourism can be developed around the sites of recent terrorist attacks in France. Design/methodology/approach: The article is based on a literature review of key terms: dark tourism; tourism; terrorism. Findings: The article observes that dark tourism is not popular in France and dark tourism activities are unlikely to develop anywhere nearer the places where the recent terrorist attacks happened. France remains rather conservative in some aspects related to death. Practical implications: Recent events in France might challenge the leadership of the destination. The disturbing commonalities between tourism and terrorism make it difficult to figure out suitable recovery strategies that would contribute to enhancing the image of the destination without jeopardising the life of civilians. Originality/value: This paper presents France as a politically unstable tourist destination. In general, this scenario is normally associated with less developed countries or non-established tourist destinations.

The paper presents information about risk in tourism and about terrorism as a threat for European tourism. If a terrorist attack occurs in a country, then it might make people think twice about visiting that place, and they may decide to change location. Risk is defined as uncertain event management in order to success. Risk is characteristic of all methods and means by which risk is managed to achieve the objectives described in the technical event, social, human and political analyzed, having as basis the uncertainty major risk factors. Tourism is travel for pleasure or business; also the theory and practice of touring, the business of attracting, accommodating, and entertaining tourists, and the business of operating tours. Tourism may be international, or within the traveller's country.