Suchergebnisse

Intro -- EXPERIMENTAL ORGAN TRANSPLANTATION -- EXPERIMENTAL ORGAN TRANSPLANTATION -- Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data -- Contents -- Foreword -- Preface -- Section I. Transplantation Models in Rodents, Pigs, and Nonhuman Primates -- Chapter 1: Applications of Experimental Transplantation in Medical Research -- Abstract -- Introduction -- The Development of Experimental and Clinical Transplantation -- Applications of Experimental Transplantation in Basic Research -- Applications of Experimental Transplantation in Therapy Development -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 2: Heterotopic Heart Transplantation in Mice -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Anatomy of Mouse Heart -- Surgical Techniques -- Animal -- Pre-operative Care and Anesthesia -- Abdominal Heterotopic Heart Transplantation Model -- The Cervical Heterotopic Heart Transplantation Model -- Postoperative Care -- Surgical Complications -- Assessing the Mouse HHTx Graft Rejection -- Applications of the Mouse HHTx Model -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 3: Kidney Transplantation in Mice -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Anatomy of Mouse Urinary System -- Surgical Techniques -- Surgical Complications -- Clinical Course and Allograft Rejection of MKT -- Applications -- Acknowledgment -- References -- Chapter 4: Liver Transplantation in Mice -- Abstract -- Abbreviations -- Introduction -- Surgical Procedure of MOLT -- Applications of MOLT in Medical Research -- Acknowledgment -- References -- Name List of First Authors in Reference -- Chapter 5: Pancreatic Islet Transplantation in Mice -- Abstract -- Introduction -- The Establishment of Islet Transplantation Models -- Anatomy of Mouse Pancreas and Kidney -- Surgical Techniques -- Surgical Complications -- Assessment of Islet Graft Function and Survival -- Applications of Murine Islet Transplantation for Medical Research.

Inhalt 1 Einleitung 2 Transplantation und Effektivität/Effizienz von Institutionen 2.1 Institutionen und institutioneller Wandel 2.2 Pfadabhängigkeit der institutionellen Entwicklung 2.3 Inkonsistenz der institutionellen Entwicklung 2.4 Determinanten der Effektivität 2.5 Effizienz transplantierter Institutionen 3 Wettbewerbspolitik als Institution in Russland 3.1 Die institutionelle Verankerung der Wettbewerbspolitik 3.2 Marktstruktur und Wettbewerbspolitik 3.3 Maßnahmen der Wettbewerbspolitik 3.3.1 Kartellverbot 3.3.2 Missbrauchsaufsicht über marktbeherrschende Stellungen 3.3.3 Zusammenschlusskontrolle 3.4 Verstöße gegen das Wettbewerbsgesetz 3.5 Probleme der Wettbewerbspolitik 4 Welche Fehler hat Russland bei der Transplantationder Wettbewerbspolitik gemacht? 5 Ist eine mangelnde Effektivität von transplantierten Institutionenunvermeidlich? 6 Abschließende Bemerkungen

Part I. Defining Death -- Part II. Procuring Organs

Budgetverantwortung haben bislang in Deutschland nur Krankenkassen. Jetzt hat die AOK Baden-Württemberg erstmals diese Verantwortung an einen Dienstleister abgetreten. Weitere ähnliche Projekte sind bereits in Planung: Ebenfalls unter Beteiligung der AOK, aber auch mit dem VdAK in Nordrhein-Westfalen und im Spreewald.

I was born in 1959 in Lisbon. My early years were marked by a typical family life, and we travelled a lot because of my father's work. I completed my schooling until the 12th grade and then started to work. In 1981, I completed mandatory military service at the marines' school.

Ausgehend von einem problematisch gewordenen Begriff der Hybridität interessiert sich der Band für das Konzept der Transplantation. Ziel ist es, die Interferenzen zwischen biologischen, semantischen und politischen Implikationen eines kulturwissenschaftlichen Denkens 'Nach der Hybridität' durch das Konzept der Transplantation sichtbar zu machen.Dies gilt für den Bereich der Medizin (Stichwort Organtransplantation) und den Weinbau ebenso wie für die metaphorische Indienstnahme der Transplantation in Literatur und Kunst bei literarischen Collage-Techniken (Stichwort cut and paste) oder in den Postcolonial Studies, im Eco-Criticism und in der Science Fiction.Die Operationen des Transplantierens: das Herausnehmen aus einem Zusammenhang und das Einfügen in einen anderen Zusammenhang, also das transplantierende Versetzen im wörtlichen Sinne, stehen dabei auch in vielfältiger Analogie zu Vorgängen des Übersetzens. Diese Analogien zeigen sich nicht zuletzt in einem Forschungsfeld, das bislang den Hybriditätsbegriff in Dienst nahm: das Feld der kulturellen Übersetzung

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Transplantation is the life-saving therapy for patients suffering from end-organ failure, and as such, equitable access to transplantation (ATT) is of paramount importance. Unfortunately, gender/sex-based disparities exist, and despite the transplant community's awareness of this injustice, gender/sex-based disparities have persisted for more than two decades. Importantly, no legislation or allocation policy has addressed inequity in ATT that women disproportionately face. In fact, introduction of the model for end-stage liver disease-based liver allocation system in 2002 widened the gender disparity gap and it continues to be in effect today. Moreover, women suffering from kidney disease are consistently less likely to be referred for transplant evaluation and subsequently less likely to achieve a kidney transplant, yet they comprise the majority of living kidney donors. RECENT FINDINGS: Acknowledging gender/sex-based disparities in ATT is the first step toward interventions aimed at mitigating this long-standing injustice in healthcare. SUMMARY: This article provides a background of end-stage liver and kidney disease in women, summarizes the existing literature describing the issue of gender disparity in ATT, and identifies potential areas of intervention and future investigation.

Iran is a tropical country with a land area of 1,648,000 square kilometers and a population of 68,100,000. Iran has a recorded history that dates back 2553 years. Its earliest medical school was Pasargad. Jondi Chapour University was founded 1753 years ago during the Sassanid dynasty as a center for higher education in medicine, philosophy, and pharmacology. Indeed, the idea of xenotransplantation dates back to days of Achaemenidae (Achaemenian dynasty), as evidenced by engravings of many mythologic chimeras still present in Persepolis. Avicenna (980-1037 AD), the great Iranian physician, performed the first nerve repair. Transplantation progress in Iran follows roughly the same pattern as that of the rest of the world, with some 10-20 years' delay. Modern organ transplantation dates back to 1935, when the first cornea transplant was performed at Farabi Hospital in Tehran, Iran. The first living-related kidney transplantation performed at Shiraz University Hospital dates back to 1968. The first bone marrow transplant was performed at Dr. Shariaati's Hospital in Tehran. The first heart transplant was performed 1993 in Tabriz, Iran. The first liver transplant was performed in 1993 in Shiraz. The first lung transplant was performed in 2001, and the first heart and lung transplants were performed in 2002, both at Tehran. In late 1985, the renal transplantation program was officially started in a major university hospital in Tehran and was poised to carry out 2 to 4 transplantations each week. Soon, another large center initiated a similar program. Both of these centers accepted surgical, medical, and nursing teams from other academic medical centers for training in kidney transplantation. Since 2002, Iran has grown to include 23 active renal, 68 cornea, 2 liver, 4 heart, 2 lung, and 2 bone marrow transplantation centers in different cities. In June 2000, the Organ Transplantation Brain Death Act was approved by the Parliament, followed by the establishment of the Iranian Network for Transplantation Organ Procurement. This act helped to expand heart, lung, and liver transplantation programs. By 2003, Iran had performed 131 liver, 77 heart, 7 lung, 211 bone marrow, 20,581 cornea, and 16,859 liver tranplantations. Sources of these donations were living-unrelated donor, 82; cadaver, 10; and living-related donor, 8. The 3-year renal transplant patient survival rate was 92.9, and the 40-month graft survival rate was 85.9. Another large step in expanding the transplantation program is the construction of the Avi- Cenna (Abou Ali Sina) Transplant Hospital in Shiraz. This hospital hopefully will begin operation in 2 years. It will offer the opportunity for the exchange and sharing of organs and increased cooperation between transplant teams in the Middle East. The hospital offers great promise for transplant medicine in Iran and other Persian Gulf countries.