Suchergebnisse

"From 1368 to 1953, China's administrative divisions were mainly composed of counties, prefectures, and provinces. This book shows the population figures, density, and changes in the provincial population in China during this period and population figures of each major city and town and its proportion in terms of the provincial population during this period - the urbanization rate. Data in this book is drawn partly from historical sources and partly from statistical-model-based calculations. The book also includes provincial population maps in 1393, and their original statistical models, population databases, and metadata"--

Dr. Hu Shih (1891-1962) was one of China's top scholars and diplomats and served as the Republic of China's ambassador to the United States during World War II. As early as 1941, Hu Shih warned of the fundamental ideological conflict between dictatorial totalitarianism and democratic systems, a view that later became the foundation of the Cold War narrative. In the 1950s, after Mao's authoritarian regime was established, Hu Shih started to analyze the development and nature of Communism, delivering a series of lectures and addresses to reveal what he called Stalin's "grand strategy" for facilitating the International Communist Movement. For decades--and today to a certain extent--Hu Shih's political writings were considered sensitive and even dangerous. As a strident critic of the Chinese Communist Party's oligarchical practices, he was targeted by the CCP in a concerted national campaign to smear his reputation, cast aspersions on his writings, and generally destroy any possible influence he might have in China. This volume brings together a collection of Hu Shih's most important, mostly unpublished, English-language speeches, interviews, and commentaries on international politics, China-U.S. relations, and the International Communist Movement. Taken together, these works provide an insider's perspective on Sino-American relations and the development of the International Communist Movement over the course of the 20th century

China is now the lender of first resort for much of the developing world, but Beijing has fueled speculation among policymakers, scholars, and journalists by shrouding its grant-giving and lending activities in secrecy. Introducing a systematic and transparent method of tracking Chinese development projects around the world, this book explains Beijing's motives and analyzes the intended and unintended effects of its overseas investments. Whereas China almost exclusively provided aid during the twentieth century, its twenty-first century transition from 'benefactor' to 'banker' has had far-reaching impacts in low-income and middle-income countries that are not widely understood. Its use of debt rather than aid to bankroll big-ticket infrastructure projects creates new opportunities for developing countries to achieve rapid socio-economic gains, but it has also introduced major risks, such as corruption, political capture, and conflict. This book will be of interest to policymakers, students and scholars of international political economy, Chinese politics and foreign policy, economic development, and international relations.

Introduction -- The Conceptualisation of Mothering -- Sociological Imagination and Psychological Sensitivities: Research Methods Matter -- Growing-up as a Girl: Experiences across Three Generations -- From 'Liberated Woman', 'Virtuous Wife and Good Mother' to Full-time Mother -- Intergenerational Transmissions across Three Generations of Women -- Discussion and Conclusion.

This book is the compendium of 10 white papers on human rights issued by the State Council Information Office from 2016 to 2019, which comprehensively reflects China's progress in human rights in the judicial, poverty eradication, health, religion, protection of the rights and interests of the disabled, women's cause and other fields. It also attibutes to the domestic and international community to correctly understand the situation of China's human rights.本书收录了国务院新闻办公室2016-2019年发布的10本人权白皮书,涉及减贫、宗教信仰自由、残疾人权益保障、人权法治化等多个领域,体现了中国人权事业自新中国成立的70多年来,特别是改革开放40多年来取得的巨大进步。.

Intro -- Series Editor's Preface: A Wisdom Was Passed, While His Academic Big Fruits Are Still Alive -- 序 : 哲人其 硕果 存 (A Wisdom Was Passed, While His Academic Big Fruits Are Still Alive) -- Foreword I: Commentary on Prof. Lingliang Zeng's Academic Thought of International Law -- Academic Life of Prof. Lingliang Zeng -- Professor Lingliang Zeng's Theoretical Contributions to International Law Studies in China -- Actively Advocated the Construction of International Law from a Chinese Perspective -- Strong Support to Promote the Innovation in International Law Ideas and Principles Based on the Belief of a Community of Common Destiny -- Demonstrated Dialectics of Sovereignty in a Scientific Manner -- Precisely Elaborated the Humanizing Tendency of Contemporary International Law -- Clarified the Interactions Between China's Peaceful Development and Contemporary International Law -- Advocated Building China's Discourse System of International Law -- Called for Attention to Value the Role of International Law in China's Rule of Law and National Governance -- Professor Lingliang Zeng's Pioneering Research on EU Law -- Professor Lingliang Zeng's Original Research on WTO Law -- Foreword II: Prof. Lingliang Zeng and EU Law Teaching & -- Studies in China -- Always Respected Professors, and Built on the Past Achievements of His Predecessors -- Started Studying EU Law Abroad by Chance, and Remained True to His Original Aspiration in the Changing Times -- Followed the Steps of His Predecessors, and Deeply Connected with Luojia Hills -- Built on the Past Achievements of His Predecessors, Laid Solid Foundation for the EU Law Discipline, and Promoted the Discipline Development -- Profound Insights and Originality -- Filled in Gaps in Domestic Studies, and Proposed New Ideas and Insights.

Chapter 1 :Introduction --Chapter 2: A theory of rebel institutional persistence --Chapter 3:The Chinese Soviet Republic, 1931-1934 --Chapter 4:The Three-Year Guerilla War, 1935-1937 --Chapter 5:The Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Border Region, 1937-1945 --Chapter 6:The Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Border Region, 1945-1949 --Chapter 7:The Malayan emergency, 1948-1950 --Chapter 8:The Vietnam War, 1960-1975 --Chapter 9:Fighting the people, fighting for the people --Chinese and Vietnamese appendix --BibliographyIndex.

"Qiaopi is the name given in Chinese to letters written home by Chinese migrants to accompany remittances, in the 150 years starting in the 1820s. Qiaopi had numerous functions and dimensions, ranging from economic and social to cultural and political. In June 2013, the Qiaopi Project was officially registered under UNESCO's "Memory of the World" programme, set up in 1992 because of "a growing awareness of the parlous state of preservation of documentary heritage" in the world. This book presents around one hundred letters from Singapore, China, Malaysia, Thailand, the USA, and Canada, including photographic reproductions of the original letters, transcriptions in Chinese characters, and English translations, where necessary with explanatory notes. Most of the letters collected in Chinese and non-Chinese archives, and in this sourcebook, were products of the Qiaopi system as traditionally defined. A few, especially some to and from North America, especially in the second half of the twentieth century, went through the Post Office, and were not handled by Chinese remittance companies. Not all the letters accompanied remittances."--Publisher's website

Analysing political discourse from a systemic functional perspective: an overview -- Approaching political discourse from above (contextual parameters). Contextual analysis of politics discourse -- Registerial analysis of political discourse -- Approaching political discourse from around (discourse semantic parameters). Semantic discourse analysis of political discourse -- Appraisal analysis of political discourse -- Approaching political discourse from below (lexicogrammatical parameters). Self-identity and personal references in political discourse -- Power, institutional role and modality in political discourse -- Evidentality and subjectivity, and mental process in political discourse.

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Cited Description: 1) 清末陆军部的史料档案: 史料档案全集收录了陆军部奏折、陆军部军需司文件、陆军部正班加班奏底汇订、陆军部个厅司处应办事宜四种较为全面的档案文献。从陆军部的成立、演变、性质、职掌、机构、地位等全面揭示了该时期的历史变革进程。 《陆军部奏折》是清末管辖中央军事政令的机关为建部事宜恭呈皇帝御览的奏折,陆军部各厅司上呈皇帝的复议和奏本汇集。 《陆军部军需司文件》汇集了陆军部的奏疏、公函、信札等原件档案。收录了宣统三年至民国七年各地奏陆军部的文电、陆军部批复意见等重要军政文札。其中涉及了桂边苗乱、越南扰境、边境防务、军费开支、兵力配置、讨袁之役、袁世凯称帝/退位、张勋复辟、讨逆战争、冯国璋上任及罪己退职、徐世昌当总统、黄县兵变等时局辨析,进言献策等文电。 《陆军部正班加班奏底汇订》收录的是宣统元年承政厅、军衡司、军计司、军乘司、军实司、军牧司、军制司、军法司、军需司、军学司、军医司、海军处等上呈皇帝的具奏、汇奏、奏参、奏查、核复等,约二百余件。涉及旗绿营官弁轮升拔补、荫袭封典、武职遴选、陆军官佐的补官任职、器械、弹药军装的制造、储备、陆军制度、编制、征调、陆军学堂教育、队伍操练、官兵教练、卫生医药、马政及军马牧养、经费销支、陆军司法、刑罚、审判、监狱等,全面记录了宣统元年陆军部处理军机大事和皇帝批示。 《陆军部个厅司处应办事宜》收录光绪三十二年陆军部成立伊始,经皇帝审核厘定陆军部承政、参议两厅,军衡、军计、军乘、军实、军牧、军制、军法、军需、军学、军医十司的机构设置、性质职掌、设官职衔、品级机构职能。对于了解陆军部的历史沿革及特点很有价值。 2) 北洋海军文献: 北洋海军,是中国清朝后期建立的一支近代化海军舰队,同时也是中国清代政府建立的四支近代海军中实力最强、规模最大的一支。北洋海军自同治六年(1867)创议,同治十三年(1874)筹划,光绪十四年(1888)正式成军。自此中国政府每年拨出400万两白银给予海军建设。它的建立是中国海军从古老旧制军队(水师)向近现代化正规军队发展的重要标志。 北洋水师成军后拟定《北洋海军章程》,奕譞与李鸿章奏请旨批准。内容包括船制、官制、升擢、事故、考校、俸饷、恤赏、工需杂费、仪制、钤制、军规、简阅、武备等相关事项。此次收录了《北洋海军章程》、《《北洋海军资料》、《海军大事记》,提供了较为全面真实的的史实纪录。 3) (福建)船政奏议: 一八六六年十二月,清政府在福州马尾设立"总理船政事务衙门"。该衙门的设立是闽浙总督左宗棠提出来的。当年六月,左宗棠上奏朝廷《试造轮船先陈大概情形折》,提出"惟东南大利,在水而不在陆"的观点,认为"中国自强之策,除修明政事、精练兵勇外,必应仿造轮船以夺彼族之所恃",要"尽洋技之奇,尽驾驶之法",在军事上有效地抵御外侮,在经济上"分洋商之利",主张在闽台之间的福州马尾创办船政。福建船政造船制炮、培养人才、整顿水师,都围绕着海权做文章。同年七月,同治皇帝准奏;十月,任命在家丁忧的江西巡抚沈葆桢为船政大臣;十一月开设求是堂艺局,即船政学堂;十二月,船政工程动工兴建并对外招生一○五名。福建船政开创近代教育的先河,创办了中国近代第一所高等院校——船政学堂。她引进西方教育模式,建立了与工业化和海军建设相适应的教育模式和留学制度,成为各地纷纷效仿的样板,成为科技和海军人才的摇篮,被李鸿章誉为"开山之祖"。船政学堂培养了一批精英,形成一个具有爱国思想、能奋斗自强、眼光敏锐、思维方式开放、容易接受新生事物的新型知识份子群。 福建船政培养了海军军官和军事技术人才1100多名,占中国近代海军同类人员的60%。清末和民国时期的多数海军高级将领,如萨镇冰、叶祖珪、兰建枢、刘冠雄、李鼎新、程璧光、黄钟瑛等等,都是船政学堂的毕业生。还有中法马江海战英烈吕翰、许寿山,中日甲午海战英烈邓世昌、林永升等一大批铸造出爱国魂的杰出精英。 《船政奏议》就是由"总理船政事务衙门"于1888年汇编刊印的。是福建船政当事人形成的重要档案资料,是研究福建船政以及"总理船政事务衙门"所开展的政务事务活动及其历史沿革是不可或缺的主要史料。 4) 江南机器制造总局文献资料: 江南机器制造总局,简称江南制造局或江南制造总局,又称作上海机器局,是清朝洋务运动中成立的军事生产机构,为晚清中国最重要的军工厂,是清政府洋务派开设的规模最大的近代军事企业,也是江南机器制造总局早期厂房,近代最早的新式工厂之一。为江南造船厂的前身,同时也是近代中国最大的军火工厂。该机构成立于1865年9月20日的上海,由曾国藩规划,后由李鸿章实际负责,是李鸿章在上海创办的规模最大的洋务企业。它不断扩充,先后建有十几个分厂,雇用工兵2800人,能够制造枪炮、弹药、轮船、机器。 江南机器制造局除了机械的制造之外,另附设有广方言馆(即语言学校,原设于1863年,1869年并入江南制造局)翻译馆以及工艺学堂,用以介绍西方知识,以及培养语言和科技人才,在1868年-1907年之间,译书达160种,除以军事科技为主之外,旁及地理、经济、政治、历史等方面的书籍,其所翻译书籍的水准,被认为超过晚清数十年其他翻译书籍的质量。对于晚清的知识分子吸收西方知识产生很大的影响。140年前,它的出现及后来的崛起,开了我国近代化军事及民族工业与其它诸项文化事业之先河。 本次收录了《江南机器制造总局公牍》、《江南制造总局记》、《江南制造局译书提要》。全面反映了清末官办近代军事工业发展的详细历程。