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Intro -- UNDERAGE DRINKING: EXAMINING AND PREVENTING YOUTH USE OF ALCOHOL -- UNDERAGE DRINKING: EXAMINING AND PREVENTING YOUTH USE OF ALCOHOL -- LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CATALOGING-IN-PUBLICATION DATA -- CONTENTS -- PREFACE -- Chapter 1: ALCOHOL TREATMENT REPORT -- IN BRIEF -- ALCOHOL TREATMENT: NEED, UTILIZATION, AND BARRIERS -- Chapter 2: ALCOHOL USE AMONG YOUTH -- SUMMARY -- INTRODUCTION -- SURVEILLANCE -- PREVALENCE -- LEGAL PERSPECTIVES -- POLICY PERSPECTIVES -- Chapter 3: QUANTITY AND FREQUENCY OF ALCOHOL USE -- IN BRIEF -- QUANTITY AND FREQUENCY OF ALCOHOL USE AMONG UNDERAGE DRINKERS -- Chapter 4: SELF-REGULATION IN THE ALCOHOL INDUSTRY -- EXECUTIVE SUMMARY -- I. INTRODUCTION -- II. STUDY OF INDUSTRY SELF-REGULATION -- III. YOUTH ALCOHOL ACCESS -- IV. ANALYSIS AND RECOMMENDATIONS -- V. CONCLUSION -- EXHIBIT A: ORDER TO FILE SPECIAL REPORT -- UNITED STATES OF AMERICA BEFORE FEDERAL TRADE COMMISSION -- ORDER TO FILE SPECIAL REPORT -- SPECIFICATIONS -- APPENDIX A: DEFINITIONS AND INSTRUCTIONS -- EXHIBIT B: WE DON'T SERVE TEENS WEEK (2007) PARTICIPANTS AND PROMOTIONAL MATERIALS -- EXHIBIT C: BEER INSTITUTE INTERNET BUYING GUIDELINES -- EXHIBIT D: DISCUS INTERNET BUYING GUIDELINES -- STATEMENT OF COMMISSIONER PAMELA JONES HARBOUR CONCURRING IN PART AND DISSENTING IN PART -- Chapter 5: UNDERAGE ALCOHOL USE: FINDINGS FROM THE 2002-2006 NATIONAL SURVEYS ON DRUG USE AND HEALTH -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- HIGHLIGHTS -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. TRENDS IN UNDERAGE DRINKING: 2002-2006 -- 3. PATTERNS OF UNDERAGE ALCOHOL USE AND DISORDERS: 2002-2006 -- 4. CHARACTERISTICS OF RECENT DRINKING EPISODES -- REFERENCES -- APPENDIX A: DESCRIPTION OF THE SURVEYS -- APPENDIX B: STATISTICAL METHODS AND MEASUREMENT -- APPENDIX C: PREVALENCE TABLES -- Chapter 6: UNDERAGE ALCOHOL USE: WHERE DO YOUNG PEOPLE DRINK? -- IN BRIEF

Intro -- Introduction -- The State of Underage Drinking in theUnited States -- The Drinking Age Should Be Lowered to Eighteen -- The Drinking Age Should Not Be Lowered to Eighteen -- Eliminating the Drinking Age Promotes Freedom -- Eliminating or Lowering the Drinking Age -- Lowering the Drinking Age Can Prevent Binge Drinking -- Lowering the Drinking Age Will Encourage Binge Drinking -- Exposing Teens to Alcohol Helps Them Drink Responsibly -- Teen Drinking May Cause Irreversible Brain Damage -- Parents Should Let Teens Drink at Home So They Learn to Drink Responsibly -- Parents Should Not Let Teens Drink at Home -- Banning Caffeinated Alcohol Drinks Can Reduce Underage Binge Drinking -- Banning Caffeinated Alcohol Drinks Will Not Reduce Underage Binge Drinking -- Single-Sex Dormitories Can Prevent Underage Drinking -- Underage Drinkers Should Be Given Medical Amnesty -- Underage Drinkers Should Take Alcohol Classes -- Appendix -- ORGANIZATION OF CONTACT -- BIBLIOGRAPHY -- INDEX -- PICTURE CREDITS -- 1 -- 2 -- 3 -- 4 -- 5 -- 6

Intro -- Contents -- Preface -- Chapter 1 -- Statements -- Opening Statement of Senator DeWine -- Statements of Richard J. Bonnie, Director, University of Virginia Institute of Law, Psychology and Public Policy -- Patricia Kempthorne, First Lady of Idaho -- Jeff G. Becker, President, Beer Institute -- Wendy J. Hamilton, National President, Mothers again... -- Chapter 2 -- Additional Material -- Prepared Statement of Richard J. Bonnie -- Prepared Statement of Patricia J. Kempthorne, First Lady of Idaho -- Prepared Statement of Jeff Becker -- Prepared Statement of Wendy J. Hamilton, National President, Mothers against Drunk Driving -- Introduction -- The Problem -- Drunk Driving and Other Alcohol-Related Consequences Associated with Youth Alcohol Use -- National Academy of Sciences Provides Roadmap for the Nation -- National Efforts to Combat Underage Drinking Woefully Inadequate -- National Adult-Oriented Media Campaign -- Reducing Youth Exposure to Alcohol Advertising -- Limiting Alcohol Access to Youth -- Expanding Youth-Oriented and Community Interventions -- Increasing Alcohol Excise Taxes -- Conclusion -- Prepared Statement of David DeAngelis -- Prepared Statement of Catherine Bath, Program Director, Security on Campus, Inc. -- Prepared Statement of Brandon Busteed, Founder and CEO, Outside the Classroom -- Prepared Statement of Peter H. Cressy, Ed.D., President/CEO, The Distilled Spirits Council of the United States -- Code of Responsible Practices for Beverage Alcohol Advertising and Marketing -- The Century Council -- American Campus and Alcohol Conferences -- Prepared Statement of George A. Hacker, Director, Center for Science in the Public Interest, CSPI and Kimberly Miller, Manager of Federal Relations Alcohol Policies Project Center for Science in the Public Interest -- Introduction

In September 1994 the Public Safety and Social Development Sub-Committee determined that a working group be established to examine the issue of underage drinking in the Territory and identify strategies to co-ordinate government policies and procedures. (No Appendix A in original document).

FrontMatter -- Contents -- Preface -- Executive Summary -- 1 Introduction: The Challenge -- I Underage Drinking in the United States -- 2 Characteristics of Underage Drinking -- 3 Consequences of Underage Drinking -- 4 Understanding Youth Drinking -- II The Strategy -- 5 Designing the Strategy -- 6 National Media Campaign -- 7 Alcohol Industry -- 8 Entertainment Industries -- 9 Access -- 10 Youth-Oriented Interventions -- 11 Communities -- 12 Federal and State Governments -- References -- Appendixes -- A Statement of Task -- B Agenda and Participants October 10-11 Public Workshop -- C Agenda and Participants, November 18, 2002, Open Committee Meeting and Public Forum -- D Other Public Contributors -- E Biographical Sketches of Committee Members and Staff.

Juvenile delinquency research has identified two vital (and related) concepts to this area of study: age of onset and escalation. In this investigation, escalation is examined as a function of early drinking. Added to this are the influences of deviant peers and the social control effects of family and church. My analysis shows that consuming alcohol at a young age is correlated with illegal drug use, committing a greater number of illegal acts, committing more serious offences, and being confronted by police for delinquent behavior. Moreover, I show that peer influence has a greater impact on individual behavior than do other social control mechanisms. In conclusion, I offer a critique of current policies aimed at teenage drinking and argue in favor of preventative, rather than prohibitive strategies.

The minimum legal drinking age 21 (MLDA 21) legislation in the United States (U.S.) has been documented as one of the most effective public health measures adopted in recent times. This study reports on an effort to evaluate and interrelate a basic set of 16 laws directed at younger than age 21 youth that are designed to (a) control the sales of alcohol to youth, (b) prevent possession and consumption of alcohol by youth, and (c) prevent alcohol impaired driving by those younger than age 21. The first objective of this study was to determine whether there was any relationship between the existence and strength of the various underage drinking laws in a State and the percentage of younger than age 21 drivers involved in fatal crashes who were drinking. After controlling for various factors, the only significant finding that emerged was for the existence and strength of the law making it illegal for an underage person to use fake identification (p<0.016). The second objective was to determine if the enactment of two of the sixteen provisions (possession and purchase laws) was associated with a reduction in the rate of underage drinking driver involvements in fatal crashes. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that there was a national 11.2% reduction (p<0.05) in the ratio of underage drinking drivers to underage non-drinking drivers in fatal crashes after the possession and purchase laws were adopted in 36 States and the District of Columbia (DC). This suggests that the two mandatory elements of the Federal MLDA 21 law are having the desired effect of reducing underage alcohol-related highway deaths.