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Part I: Overview -- 1 Health Care Systems -- 2 Universal Health Care Worldwide -- 3 Universal Health Care in the United States--History and Perspectives -- 4 The Current U.S. Health Care System -- Part II: Controversies and Issues -- 5 What Are the Socioeconomic Consequences of Lack of Universal Health Care in America? -- 6 Does Universal Health Care Lead to Worse Quality of Care? -- 7 Does Not Having Universal Health Care in the United States Cost More? -- 8 Is Health Care a Human Right? -- 9 What Are the Political and Societal Barriers to Universal Health Care in the United States? -- Part III: Scenarios -- Case Studies -- Glossary -- Timeline

Under universal health care, all residents of a country would be guaranteed care without incurring financial hardship, regardless of income. Out of the thirty-three countries that are considered developed, thirty-two have universal health care, with the United States being the exception. However, despite the widespread nature of universal health care, its implementation varies between countries. Additionally, despite its positive health impacts, the financial burden it places on governments is a major source of concern. This volume helps readers examine this issue through exploring economic, political, and health considerations, taking all sides of the debate into account.

"Under universal health care, all residents of a country would be guaranteed care without incurring financial hardship, regardless of income. Out of the thirty-three countries that are considered developed-meaning they have a strong post-industrial economy-thirty-two have universal health care, with the United States being the exception. However, despite the widespread nature of universal health care, its implementation varies between countries. Additionally, despite its positive health impacts, the financial burden it places on governments is a major source of concern. This volume examines this issue through exploring economic, political, and health considerations, taking all sides of the debate into account"--

Health care for everyone -- The right to health care -- Single-payer and multi-payer -- Where does the money come from? -- Coverage around the world -- Health care help in the united states -- A closer look at obamacare -- The universal health care debate -- Making informed choices

The debate concerning universal health care is a relatively new phenomenon and a feature of modernity, but it is still unsure whether it is a right or a luxury. Additionally, the most powerful and affluent nations even question if universal health care is compatible with the democratic foundations on which they rest. First, from a Kantian and Hohfeldian perspective, this piece will outline the difference between a right and a privilege. Following that, there will be Hohfeldian and Kantian arguments suggesting health care is an entitlement of all and not a luxury. Afterwards, this piece will explore how universal health care is compatible with the principles of democracy through the classical liberal and proto-libertarian lens of J.S. Mill. Next, through the lens of political scientist Marie Gottschalk, there will be a description of the economic issues faced by businesses and individuals in states which do not embrace universal health care. Finally, by applying Kant's, Hohfeld's, Mill's, and Gottschalk's views concerning this topic, this piece will conclude with suggestions supporting the democratic and economic move toward comprehensive health care. Article DOI : 10.5958/2347-6869.2017.00006.1

The Philippines has been experiencing unprecedented economic growth in recent years. This has fueled greater consumption among households, and greater support for the expansion of government entitlements, particularly on health and education. Behind these developments, however, is the fact that the country is slowly ageing. The Philippines' demographic window of opportunity is closing soon. In this study, we show how an ageing Philippines may impact the magnitude and direction of the resource requirement needed to finance one of the government's newest mandates, i.e., the Universal Health Care Act. As expected, population ageing will require more resources, but faster ageing does not necessarily require heavier burden among taxpayers if shared more broadly. While it may be imperative to expand human capital investments on children to fully harness the second-wave of demographic dividends, it may also be prudent to "ageing-proof" government financing to ensure the fiscal sustainability and generational equity of government services.

Part I: The organization and function of the American Health Care System. Why health and health care matter -- How America's health system works -- How we pay for health care -- The polities of health care -- Part II: Problems and challenges facing the American Health Care System. A holistic vision of health care costs -- Unwarranted costs of the present health care system -- Too much costly health care -- Universal health care around the world: how other countries do it -- Part III: The case for universal health care. The plan: universal health care for the United STates -- Improving quality & containing costs -- The ethical & moral case for universal health care -- The economic case for universal health care -- Implementing the plan: Why it's in our best interests.

"The NBER Bulletin on Aging and Health provides summaries of publications like this. You can sign up to receive the NBER Bulletin on Aging and Health by email. Since Brazil's adoption of a universal health care policy in 1988, the country's health care has been delivered by a mix of private providers and free public providers. We examine whether income-based disparities in medical care usage still exist after the development of the public network using a nationally representative sample of over 46,000 Brazilians from 2003. We find robust evidence of a positive association between income and doctor visits, private doctor visits, and private medical expenditures. Interestingly, we also find a pro-rich disparity in public doctor visits that disappears after including local area fixed effects to account for variation in availability and quality of medical services across localities. We then estimate the income elasticity of private medical expenditures to be well below one, suggesting that private care remains a necessity despite the availability of free public care. These results suggest that the public health care system in Brazil is not effectively reaching the segments of the population that need it most"--National Bureau of Economic Research web site

Assesses US President Barack Obama's plan for a universal health care system. Discussion opens with a look at the magnitude of the US health care crisis, which is then situated within the current economic crisis with the consequent massive bailout. Obama's plan, which is based on a model of "guaranteed affordable choice" adapted from Jacob Hacker, is described. The lack of congressional Democratic support for the plan is noted, before citing more robust support for it at the grassroots level. Attention is given to the fact that private health insurers have replaced the American Medical Assoc as the principal opposition to fundamental health care reform; paying for Obama's proposal; congressional Republican opposition to the plan; & the apparent lack of corporate commitment to reform. D. Edelman. Adapted from the source document.

Barack Obama aspires to be a "transformative" president, with his hopes particularly fixed on America's finally
achieving a universal health care system. But would his health plan go far enough to transform a system that has been dominated and distorted by for-profit
insurers who maximize profit by rationing care to patients, restricting doctors' choice of treatments, and raising
premiums? Of course, the outlines of Obama's plan will be profoundly changed by the legislative process, and it may
be virtually unrecognizable once a finished product reaches the presidential desk. But it is a valuable starting point for
discussing what is likely to succeed, and what is likely to fail, in health care reform.

The United States doesn't have any universal health coverage or a uniform healthcare system. It spends about 18% of its annual gross domestic product (GDP) on health. As per records, US spending on healthcare have increased by 4.3% in the year 2016. This policy paper addresses the complexities surrounding the policy-making and implementation processes in the healthcare system of the US. Considering the factors that challenge the development of universal health coverage in the US; this paper proposes the development of a funding program for free basic universal health care system without jeopardizing existing system.