Suchergebnisse

"Although cities occupy only 2 percent of the planet's surface, their inhabitants use 75 percent of its natural resources; by 2050, 70 percent of the global population will live in cities and towns. Sustainable urban development is crucial, therefore, for ensuring the quality of life of the world's people. Forests and trees in cities, if properly managed, can make important contributions to the planning, design and management of sustainable, resilient urban landscapes. They can help make cities more pleasant, attractive and healthy places in which to live, as well as safer, wealthier and more diverse. A few years ago, FAO initiated a collaborative process to develop voluntary guidelines aimed at optimizing the contributions of forests and trees to sustainable urban development. Scientists, practitioners and public administrators from cities worldwide were brought together to discuss the elements and key challenges of urban forestry, and a smaller team of experts was assembled to distil this vast knowledge. This document is the ultimate result of that process. Intended for a global audience comprising urban decision-makers, civil servants, policy advisors and other stakeholders, it will assist in the development of urban and peri-urban forests that help meet the present and future needs of cities for forest products and ecosystem services. These guidelines will also help increase community awareness of the contributions that forests and trees can make to improving quality of life, and of their essential role in global sustainability."--Publisher's description

Urban Criminology offers an accessible analysis of our urban condition, viewed through the prism of crime, disorder and social harm. This book gathers cutting-edge treatments, research field reports and critical examinations of crime and harm in cities, from the disciplines of urban studies and criminology. The social, economic and political composition of cities and the various inequalities that mark out and drive the problem of crime in many cities today are foregrounded. Readers follow a series of thematic engagements, generating a deeper understanding of a range of key areas that include problems of violence, social and spatial divisions, housing, policing and the role of the urban economy in issues of financial crime. This book comes at a time of rising crime in many cities and complex responses by city administrations and communities. It presents a critical, political thesis - that crime in cities must be understood with reference to the varying social structures, political forces and economic opportunities of cities. These influences intersect to produce dramatic variations in victimisation and attempts at social control, often felt most strongly around class and gender divisions. To understand crime, we must better understand the life of the city. Urban Criminology seeks to present an integrated framework that brings to life these key issues and seeks to enthuse students of our urban condition - to locate the harms within it and to identify ways of reducing the risk of crime. This book is ideal reading for all students with an interest in cities, crime, community life, urban sociology and urban cultures.

This textbook offers a rigorous, calculus based presentation of the complexities of urban economics, which is suitable for students who are new to the subject. It focuses on structural details and explains the elements that make cities such highly productive entities, and also explores explores the mechanisms of labour productivity enhancement that are unique to cities.Written with a focus on location theory, key topics include:How cities are arranged;Housing prices;Urban transportation;Why some cities grow rapidly whilst others decline;How wages adjust to local costs of living;How suburbs function in relationship to the urban core;Public finance.This book will be essential reading for Urban Economics courses at both undergraduate and postgraduate level.

Intro -- Contents -- Preface -- Chapter 1 -- Urban Substructures as a Way to Build a Balanced Spatial and Functional Structure of Cities -- Abstract -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Methodology -- 3. Basic Research Premises -- 3.1. A City as a System -- 3.2. Urban Spatial Structure -- 3.3. Characteristic Features of Nodal Regions -- 3.4. Urban Spatial Structure in the Light of Sustainable Development -- 3.5. Compact vs Dispersed Urban Spatial Structure -- 3.6. Polycentricity as a Feature of 21st Century Cities -- 3.7. Advantages of Polycentricity -- 4. Conception of Urban Substructures -- 4.1. The Understanding of Substructures, their Main Aspects and Features -- 4.1.1. Morphological Aspect -- 4.1.2. Functional Aspect -- 4.1.3. Systemic Aspect -- 4.1.4. Relations of Inhabitants to the Area of Residence (Substructure) -- 4.1.5. Dynamic Character -- 4.2. Ways of Establishing Substructures -- 4.3. Factors behind the Formation of Substructures -- 4.4. Delimitation of the Boundaries of Substructures -- 4.5. Examples of Substructures -- 4.5.1. Jurydyki -- 4.5.2. Beguinages -- 4.5.3. Workers' Colonies -- 4.6. Benefits from the Functioning of Substructures -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 2 -- Footbridge Network: Walkability and Street Life in a Hong Kong New Town -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Street and Jane Jacobs -- Footbridge Networks at Tseung Kwan O -- Walkability and the Social Impact of the Footbridge Network -- Safety and Level of Comfort -- A Boring Space -- Social Interactions -- Conclusion -- References -- Biographical Sketch -- Chapter 3 -- Risk Accumulation Processes in Urban Built Environment: A Case of Central Market Fire Disasters in Kumasi, Ghana -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Fire Disasters in Ghana: Literature Perspective -- Research Approach -- The Central Market in Perspective -- Data Collection.

This text introduces both traditional and contemporary approaches and perspectives in urban geography. It explores the roles played by global cities, governments and institutions in forming and changing urban landscapes. This third edition has a new concluding chapter giving students' ideas for their dissertations

This book studies the production of urban culture in Tehran after 1979. It analyzes urban resistance and urban processes in underground cultural spaces: bookshops, cafes and art galleries. The intended audience is architects and urban planners interested in socio-political aspects of bottom-up space formation, but also those in humanities and particularly cultural studies. The idea of the book reflects architectural criticism and bottom-up processes of space formation. It analyzes alternative, non-official ways of forming cultural spaces in Tehran and the way they resist formally endorsed culture. Cafés, bookshops and galleries, each take various and different sets of strategies to constitute their territory and their communities within the city. From temporarily occupying street corners (booksellers) to constitution of an underground network of unfixed meeting points, to using the modern paradigms of ownership and the idea of private property, primarily as a political tool for management, to claim a safe alternative sphere of art, and finally to semiotic spatial codifications of spaces to make them as a safe gathering places taking food as a means. All these three cultural spaces deal with various conditions to form specific forms of resistance practices, throughout processes that leave their spatial traces on the city.

This Element explores the history of urban disasters around the globe over the last three-hundred years. It introduces the reader to central concepts that help define the study of disasters, then moves on to explore the relationship between cities and disasters including earthquakes, hurricanes, fires, and epidemics. It asks, for example: How have cities responded in times of crisis, and what practices, infrastructures, and/or institutions have they introduced to prevent disasters from reoccurring? Who suffers most when urban disasters strike, and why? In what ways do catastrophes change cities? How, if at all, are cities unique from the countryside? To answer these questions and more, this concise history looks at a series of case studies from the eighteenth century through to COVID-19. The Element concludes with a brief look at the ongoing effects of climate change and the future of cities

"Urban Geography offers a comprehensive treatment of urban geography, fully exploring the origins and development of cities. It focuses on uncovering the excitement and richness found in cities, while tackling a wide variety of urban challenges. The text covers the Urban Geography field, both as it has evolved and as it exists today. Kaplan includes the most current research in urban studies, introducing elements of urban theory and methodology, and addresses the urban experience as a global one. Urban Geography presents key concepts in a straightforward structure, creating a user-friendly experience for all readers"--

"Providing students and practitioners with a detailed overview of the key theoretical and applied issues, this book is a comprehensive and integrated primer on regeneration. The various chapters: review the history and context of urban regeneration; consider funding implications; look at environmental, social and community issues, as well as employment, education and training; focus on managing urban regeneration; consider land use issues; and discuss monitoring and evaluation. The book concludes with a comparative analysis, with examples from America and Europe, and a discussion of future trends. The book represents the first systematic overview of urban regeneration in one volume and is set to become the standard reference."--Publisher.

Fifty years ago a landmark conference at Harvard University established urban design as a distinct architectural and planning practice. Today, with the world's urban population surpassing three billion people, urban design has become more crucial than ever. Indeed, the concerns that initially brought leading architects and city planners together--including concerns over sprawl, pollution, and aging infrastructure--have only intensified over the past half century. In Urban Design, Alex Krieger and William S. Saunders have assembled prominent figures in architecture, planning, and landscape design.

"This is the urban century in which, for the first time, the majority of people live in towns and cities. Understanding how people influence, and are influenced by, the 'green' component of these environments is therefore of enormous significance. Providing an overview of the essentials of urban ecology, the book begins by covering the vital background concepts of the urbanisation process and the effect that it can have on ecosystem functions and services. Later sections are devoted to examining how species respond to urbanisation, the many facets of human-ecology interactions, and the issues surrounding urban planning and the provision of urban green spaces. Drawing on examples from urban settlements around the world, it highlights the progress to date in this burgeoning field, as well as the challenges that lie ahead"--

Urban Climates is the first full synthesis of modern scientific and applied research on urban climates. The book begins with an outline of what constitutes an urban ecosystem. It develops a comprehensive terminology for the subject using scale and surface classification as key constructs. It explains the physical principles governing the creation of distinct urban climates, such as airflow around buildings, the heat island, precipitation modification and air pollution, and it then illustrates how this knowledge can be applied to moderate the undesirable consequences of urban development and help create more sustainable and resilient cities. With urban climate science now a fully-fledged field, this timely book fulfills the need to bring together the disparate parts of climate research on cities into a coherent framework. It is an ideal resource for students and researchers in fields such as climatology, urban hydrology, air quality, environmental engineering and urban design

Cover page -- Halftitle page -- Title page -- Copyright page -- Title page -- Copyright page -- CONTENTS -- TABLES -- FIGURES -- Dedication -- Chapter 1. POSTWAR URBANIZATION -- The Rapidity of Urbanization -- Population Growth -- Migration -- Chapter 2. THE URBAN SYSTEM -- Evolution of the System -- The Primacy of Paris -- Postwar Movement of Population -- Analysis of the Urban System -- The Functional Classifications -- Spatial and Multi-variate Approaches -- The Changing System -- Chapter 3. PLANNING THE URBAN HIERARCHY (I) THE METROPOLES D'EQUILIBRE -- Lyon - Saint-Etienne - Grenoble -- Marseille - Aix -- Lille - Roubaix - Tourcoing -- Bordeaux -- Toulouse -- Nantes - Saint - Nazaire -- Nancy - Metz - Thionville -- Strasbourg -- The Métropoles in Retrospect -- Chapter 4. PLANNING THE URBAN HIERARCHY (II) THE MEDIUM-SIZED AND SMALL TOWNS -- Concern for the Medium-sized Town -- A Policy for the Medium-sized Towns -- A Popular Strategy -- The Small Towns -- In Retrospect -- Chapter 5· HOUSING AND LAND USE PLANNING -- Legislation for Housing -- Rented Housing -- The Owner-occupied Sector -- Housing Estates -- Land Use Planning -- Chapter 6. REVOLUTION IN RETAILING -- Advent of the Hypermarket -- Beyond the Hypermarket -- Chapter 7· RESTORATION OF THE CITY CENTRE -- Impoverishment of the Core -- Restoration -- Chapter 8. PARIS -- Morphology and Housing -- Employment and the Journey to Work -- Planning for Paris -- The Schéma Directeur -- Change at the Centre -- Transport Planning -- Growth Nodes in the Suburbs -- Chapter 9· NEW TOWNS -- Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines -- Cergy-Pontoise -- Marne-la-Vallée -- Melun-Sénart -- Le Vaudreuil -- Lille-Est -- L'Isle-d'Abeau -- Les Rives de l'Etang de Berre -- Prospects for the New Towns -- Chapter 10. POSTSCRIPT -- BIBLIOGRAPHY -- INDEX

Cover -- Half Title -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- List of Figures -- List of Tables -- List of Boxes -- List of Abbreviations -- Preface -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Urban Growth -- 3 The Spatial Structure of Urban Areas -- 4 Housing -- 5 The Location and Globalization of Urban Economic Activity -- 6 Urban Development and Renewal -- 7 Property Development -- 8 Property Investment -- 9 Urban Planning, Land Policy and the Market -- 10 Welfare Economics, the Environment and Urban Congestion -- 11 Conclusions -- Index.