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DEFINITION OF THE TERM: Arriving at an adequate definition of the term "violence" is problematic due to the complexity involved in understanding the intentions of a perpetrator of violence. Different approaches to violence depend on the researcher's methodological and contentual approach. HISTORICAL ANALYSIS OF THE TERM: The article outlines the historical context of the various approaches to violence, including those of the Sophists and those formulated within modern political philosophy founded on the ideas of Thomas Hobbes and Jean-Jacques Rousseau. The two concepts differ but share the conviction that institutional violence used by a sovereign is an important aspect of enforcing legal order in a state. DISCUSSION OF THE TERM: Violence is not a typical ethical problem. In this section of the article, the causes of violence are analysed and characterised from psychological, sociological, and cognitive science perspectives. Violent behaviour is treated as resulting from both individual and socio-institutional dysfunctions. Analysis is based on axiological theories (Max Scheler), political philosophy (Hannah Arendt), theories based on cognitive research on the causes of evil (Simon Baron-Cohen), and the findings of social psychologists and sociologists who investigate violence (Irena Pospiszyl, Agnieszka Widera-Wysoczyńska, Jacek Pyżalski). SYSTEMATIC REFLECTION WITH CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS: The philosophical approach to violence seeks to understand the essential nature of violence, which in the context of this article is understood as a key aspect of moral evil. We often encounter various forms of aggression and violence (both physical and mental) in social life. Recently, we have witnessed an intensification of verbal and pictorial violence within the media. This section of the article lists the publications that are devoted to violence (apart from those that are included in the References). ; Jesuit University Ignatianum in Krakow ; Anzenbacher, A. (2010). Chrisliche Sozialethik. Einführung und Prinzipen [Wprowadzenie do chrześcijańskiej etyki społecznej], trans. L. Łysień. Kraków: Wydawnictwo WAM. Arendt, H. (2003). Responsibility and Judgment [Odpowiedzialność osobista w warunkach dyktatury], trans. W. Madej and M. Godyń. In: H. Arendt, Odpowiedzialność i władza sądzenia. Warszawa: Pruszyński i S-ka. Violence 275 Baron-Cohen, S. (2014). Zero Degrees of Evil [Teoria zła. O empatii i genezie okrucieństwa], trans. A. Nowak. Sopot: Wydawnictwo Smak Słowa. Hobbes, T. (2005). Leviathan [Lewiatan, czyli materia, forma i władza państwa kościelnego i świeckiego], trans. Cz. Znamierowski. Warszawa: Fundacja Aletheia. Krokiewicz, A. (1995). Zarys filozofii greckiej. Od Talesa do Platona. Arystoteles, Pirron i Plotyn. Warszawa: Fundacja Aletheia. Pontifical Council for Justice and Peace. (2005). Compendium of the Social Doctrine of the Church. Kielce: Wydawnictwo Jedność. Retrieved from: http://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/pontifical_councils/justpeace/documents/rc_pc_justpeace (accessed: 18.02.2020). Pospiszyl, I. (2008). Przemoc w rodzinie. In: B. Urban and J.M. Stanik (ed.), Resocjalizacja. Vol. 2. Warszawa: PWSPR, PWN, 71‒80. Pyżalski, J. (2012). Agresja elektroniczna wśród dzieci i młodzieży. Kraków: Impuls. Rousseau, J.-J. (1956). Discours sur l'origine de l'inégalité [Rozprawa o pochodzeniu nierówności], transl. H. Elzenberg. In: J.-J. Rousseau, Trzy rozprawy z filozofii społecznej. Warszawa: PWN, 107–278. Scheler, M. (1988). Der Formalismus in der Ethik und die materiale Wertethik [Stosunek wartości "dobry" i "zły" do pozostałych wartości i do dóbr] (fragm.), trans. W. Galewicz. In: W. Galewicz (ed.), Z fenomenologii wartości. Teksty filozoficzne. Kraków: Papieska Akademia Teologiczna, 60–66. Wojtyła, K. (1986). Wykłady lubelskie. Człowiek i moralność. Part III. Ed. T. Styczeń et al. Lublin: Wydawnictwo TN KUL. Widera-Wysoczyńska, A. (2010), Mechanizmy p

Our two page briefs are designed to provide a snapshot of key terms and definitions, legislation, services and research towards preventing family violence. The briefs are provided in PDF format. To access this information in additional accessible formats, please email monashgfv@gmail.com Access more of our research briefs on our website at: https://arts.monash.edu/gender-and-family-violence/research-briefs

As part of an effort to grapple with the meaning of violence, Hannah Arendt argued that it was curious how infrequently violence was taken up for special consideration in conversations of history and politics, remarking that "this shows to what an extent violence and its arbitrariness were taken for granted and therefore neglected; no one questions or examines what is obvious to all" (8). While we are not suggesting that violence has eluded the critical eye in the time since Arendt's argument, there is something remarkably resonant about the idea that violence is taken-for-granted as part of human existence, and thus—for privileged citizens protected from its affects—invisible. In this issue, the contributors explore how violence continues to define and shape social, political, and cultural terrains. In what follows, we explore what it means to talk about violence and follow this with a general introduction to the pieces in this special issue that tease out the various locations of violence and its representations across different spaces.

The employment of appropriate force can protect against violence, control it, contain it, even dominate it. The issue is how much force to apply. But no true operating modality has yet been worked out.

This paper aims at investigating the presence of the dichotomy of violence and non-violence in contemporary Palestinian political rhetoric and practice. To do so, I will explore the varied Palestinian discourses tracing from the contemporary back to the early twentieth century, where I will interrogate anti-colonials practice both in violent and non-violent modes. Throughout, I will map-out the different agencies and the fields of argumentation of each political entity, and its justifications as a group living under colonial conditions. This article consists of three parts: part I tackles the conceptual framework of the dichotomy of violence and non-violence; part II explores the historiography of the modes of violence and non-violence; and part III traces the controversy within Palestinian society over the topic at stake from the early 1900s until the present.

Our two page briefs are designed to provide a snapshot of key terms and definitions, legislation, services and research towards preventing family violence. The briefs are provided in PDF format. To access this information in additional accessible formats, please email monashgfv@gmail.com Access more of our research briefs on our website at: https://arts.monash.edu/gender-and-family-violence/research-briefs

Our two page briefs are designed to provide a snapshot of key terms and definitions, legislation, services and research towards preventing family violence. The briefs are provided in PDF format. To access this information in additional accessible formats, please email monashgfv@gmail.com Access more of our research briefs on our website at: https://arts.monash.edu/gender-and-family-violence/research-briefs

Our two page briefs are designed to provide a snapshot of key terms and definitions, legislation, services and research towards preventing family violence. The briefs are provided in PDF format. To access this information in additional accessible formats, please email monashgfv@gmail.com Access more of our research briefs on our website at: https://arts.monash.edu/gender-and-family-violence/research-briefs

This article reads David Treuer's 2016 novel Prudence as Indigenous war fiction. Prudence collapses the distinctions between battle- and home-front, between past and present, between right and wrong. This collapse allows for an exploration of violence and war and its role in establishing and maintaining nationhood. Examining the role of Indigenous bodies within this context extends the cultural and political implications of war fiction beyond a mere critique of war in its immidiacy; instead it elaborates on the continuities of colonial violence within a global context, questioning the singularity of war and detailing the realities of Indigenous life within northern America.

International audience ; How can the study of sound and music help us to understand collective violence and war? How can the study of war and collective violence help us to understand the importance of musical practices and listening for human beings? This special issue of Transposition explores these questions through an analysis of the links between sound, music and violence. ; De quelle façon l'étude du son et de la musique peut-elle aider à comprendre la violence collective et la guerre ? Comment l'étude de la guerre et de la violence collective peut-elle aider à comprendre l'importance des pratiques musicales et de l'écoute pour les êtres humains ? Ce numéro hors-série de Transposition propose d'explorer ces questions à partir de l'analyse des liens entre son, musique et violence.

International audience ; How can the study of sound and music help us to understand collective violence and war? How can the study of war and collective violence help us to understand the importance of musical practices and listening for human beings? This special issue of Transposition explores these questions through an analysis of the links between sound, music and violence. ; De quelle façon l'étude du son et de la musique peut-elle aider à comprendre la violence collective et la guerre ? Comment l'étude de la guerre et de la violence collective peut-elle aider à comprendre l'importance des pratiques musicales et de l'écoute pour les êtres humains ? Ce numéro hors-série de Transposition propose d'explorer ces questions à partir de l'analyse des liens entre son, musique et violence.

En este artículo se reflexiona críticamente el uso de la noción de violencia cuyo efecto discursivo más grave es oscurecer el lema de que la violencia no es lo contrario de lo "natural" sino una fuerza de intervención necesaria para oponerse precisamente al ejercicio del poder. Ejercicio que sin duda es igualmente violento en su sentido originario de institución de lo estatal y conservador (pues hay permanencia de los aparatos de poder tras el origen). ; In the present paper it is developed a critical reflection on the use of the term violence in which its primarily effect obscured the lemma that violence is not the opposite of the "natural" but an intervention forcé which opposed the acts of power. Action similarly violent in the sense of Institution and equally conservative (there is permanence of power in the origins).

International audience ; This article aims to examine certain psychoanalytical theories of domestic violence, confronting them to a clinical experience with abused women in suburban Sao Paulo. This perspective relies on a correspondence between the psyche and the social context. Research, clinical experience and theory are narrowly linked in psychoanalysis, which, more than a mere theory, proves to be a method applied to an objet, the Unconscious, made positive only through the psychoanalytical research and technique. This article purports to analyse how a psychoanalytical theory of domestic violence could account for the specific social-historic dimension of this phenomenon. Some psychoanalytical interpretations literalize or imaginarize Freudien and Lacanien texts, through notions of essentialized feminine masochism or a reductive reading of the phallus. Domestic violence against women questions in a new way the historicity of theory, its social, cultural and political definitions. These are issues along which Gender Studies address psychoanalysis. Taking into account the clinical and historical signification of domestic violence may help avoiding that frozen an-historical metapsychology become a paradoxical resistance against psychoanalysis. ; Cet article a pour visée d'analyser certaines théorisations psychanalytiques de la violence conjugale, à la lumière d'une expérience clinique auprès de femmes souffrant de violences conjugales dans la banlieue de São Paulo. Cette recherche s'inscrit dans une étude mettant en correspondance la psyché et le champ social. Traduisant une indissociabilité entre recherche, clinique et théorisation, la psychanalyse n'est point d'abord une théorie mais une méthode liée à un objet, l'inconscient, rendu positif par une procédure de recherche et une technique. Comment penser alors une théorisation susceptible de rendre compte de la singularité social-historique de la violence conjugale contre les femmes ? Littéralisant ou imaginarisant des textes freudiens ou lacaniens, bien des ...

International audience ; This article aims to examine certain psychoanalytical theories of domestic violence, confronting them to a clinical experience with abused women in suburban Sao Paulo. This perspective relies on a correspondence between the psyche and the social context. Research, clinical experience and theory are narrowly linked in psychoanalysis, which, more than a mere theory, proves to be a method applied to an objet, the Unconscious, made positive only through the psychoanalytical research and technique. This article purports to analyse how a psychoanalytical theory of domestic violence could account for the specific social-historic dimension of this phenomenon. Some psychoanalytical interpretations literalize or imaginarize Freudien and Lacanien texts, through notions of essentialized feminine masochism or a reductive reading of the phallus. Domestic violence against women questions in a new way the historicity of theory, its social, cultural and political definitions. These are issues along which Gender Studies address psychoanalysis. Taking into account the clinical and historical signification of domestic violence may help avoiding that frozen an-historical metapsychology become a paradoxical resistance against psychoanalysis. ; Cet article a pour visée d'analyser certaines théorisations psychanalytiques de la violence conjugale, à la lumière d'une expérience clinique auprès de femmes souffrant de violences conjugales dans la banlieue de São Paulo. Cette recherche s'inscrit dans une étude mettant en correspondance la psyché et le champ social. Traduisant une indissociabilité entre recherche, clinique et théorisation, la psychanalyse n'est point d'abord une théorie mais une méthode liée à un objet, l'inconscient, rendu positif par une procédure de recherche et une technique. Comment penser alors une théorisation susceptible de rendre compte de la singularité social-historique de la violence conjugale contre les femmes ? Littéralisant ou imaginarisant des textes freudiens ou lacaniens, bien des ...

On October 10, 2006, in a report to the General Assembly of the United Nations, Secretary- General Kofi Annan presented an in-depth study on all forms of violence against women. According to the report, "at least one out of three women experienced violence at some stage in their lives"; violence against women is thus not a characteristic of some countries. It is a global problem and "a serious public policy problem in all stable democracies," according to Weldon. For example, in France, the human rights organization Amnesty International reports, "one out of ten women is victim of domestic violence." Official data indicate that perpetrators of domestic violence kill on average one woman every three days in France. Violence against women, as spelled out in Article 1 of the 1993 United Nations Declaration on the Elimination of Violence Against Women, refers to acts – happening specifically to women because they are women – that restrict, impair, or nullify women's ability to exercise their equal rights and freedoms as citizens, that is, threats, coercion, and arbitrary deprivations of liberty that "result in, or is likely to result in, physical, sexual or psychological harm or suffering to women" whether it happens "in public or private life."