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Cover -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- Introduction -- The Aftermath of a Violent Death -- Chapter One A Problem Close to Home -- Risk Factors -- Poverty -- Traditional Social Values -- Alcohol and Drug Abuse -- Other Factors -- Discipline, Punishment, and Domestic Violence -- Smarter, Safer Punishment and Discipline -- Types of Abuse -- Corporal Punishment -- Who Are the Victims? -- Victims of Child Abuse -- Victims of Spousal Abuse and Partner Abuse -- Victims of Elder Abuse -- Chapter Two Recognizing Abusers and Abuse -- Who Are the Abusers? -- Why Abuse Happens -- The Abuser Profile -- Domestic Violence Is a Crime -- Prosecuting Spousal and Partner Abuse -- Child Abuse and the Law -- Taking Action Against Domestic Violence -- A Place to Go -- Chapter Three Putting an End to Domestic Violence -- Steps to Ending Violence -- Intervention -- The Safety Plan -- Emergency 911 -- Control of Information -- Chapter Four Victims Take Back the Power -- What Happens When You Tell? -- Dating Violence -- Is Your Relationship Heading for Trouble? -- The Painful Aftermath of Abuse -- Domestic Violence Traps -- Glossary -- For More Information -- Web Sites -- For Further Reading -- Bibliography -- Index -- About the Author -- Photo Credits

The problem of violence in American culture has been a subject of increasing concern during the past two decades. In the fifties, there was rampant the school of "consensus" history writing, which tended to deny the existence of conflicts about basic issues in American history. More recently, the past has been portrayed in an entirely different light: Conflict, and particularly violent conflict, are seen as having been virtually endemic. Against the background of violent crime and civil disturbance, several presidential commissions have investigated violence, and they usually emerge with the conclusion that Americans are a peculiarly violent people. The atrocities of the Vietnam war, and police and ghetto violence, have led many to wonder at the same time whether the alleged merits of the American political system are as great as its defenders have insisted.

Cover -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- Introduction -- Chapter One The Evolution of Gun Violence -- Early Man with Great Aim -- Evolution of the Gun -- Gunpowder in Weapons -- Muskets -- An Arsenal of Weapons -- Chapter Two The History of Gun Laws -- Early Rights Established and Upheld -- The Boston Massacre -- What Do You Think? -- It's All About Meaning -- 1857-Dred Scott v. Sandford -- 1939-U.S. v. Miller -- Gun Rights Today -- Chapter Three Guns in Your World -- School Safety -- Watch What You See -- Don't Delay -- Guns in the Home -- Chapter Four Gun Violence and the Future -- Greenleaf, Idaho -- Getting Active About Gun Violence -- National and Local Pledges -- Glossary -- For More Information -- Web Sites -- For Further Reading -- Bibliography -- Index -- About the Author -- Photo Credits

In recent years, urban violence has worsened the living conditions of people in El Salvador, Honduras and Guatemala. Very often, men, women and children leave not in search of a better life but simply in order to survive. Territorial conflict between the gangs is continual. The violence, fear and mistrust sown by the gangs eventually erode the social fabric and the little commercial initiative that remains in these places. For many, migration is the only option. In some regions of these countries, gang rule is absolute and young people are extremely vulnerable to forced recruitment into the gangs. Adolescents are continually intimidated and subjected to violence, pressurised into joining the gangs or working for them as drug pushers or in other roles. A recurrent theme in out-migration is the large number of children forced to leave their countries, exposing them to the dangerous conditions of the journey. Some families prefer to see their sons and daughters exiled rather than risk them being killed or forced into a life of crime. But the violence continues along the migration route. This violence is little different from the violence they face in their own countries. Adapted from the source document.

Intro -- Contents -- Preface -- Chapter 1 -- Exposure to Violence in the Community: Differential Vulnerability, Diagnoses and Interventions -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Vulnerability, Risk and Victimization: Concepts and Contexts -- Exposure to Violence and Age -- Exposure to Violence and Gender -- Exposure to Violence in the Community and Local Security Diagnosis Studies -- Conclusion -- Acknowledgment -- References -- Chapter 2 -- Same-Sex Intimate Partner Violence: Prevalence and Characteristics -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Methodology -- Research Procedures -- Criteria for Inclusion and Exclusion -- Selection of Articles -- Results -- Empirical Studies on the Prevalence and Risk Factors of Same-Sex Intimate Partner Violence -- Characteristics of the Samples/Participants -- Recruitment Context and Sampling Process -- Data from Studies of Prevalence of Same-Sex Intimate Partner Violence and Major Outcomes -- Main Goals -- Main Results of Prevalence Studies with Mixed Samples -- Main Results of Prevalence Studies with Men Samples -- Main Results of Prevalence Studies with Women Samples -- Data on the Risk Factors Associated with the Phenomenon of Same-Sex Intimate Partner Violence and Major Outcomes -- Main Goals -- Main Results -- Review Articles -- Conclusion -- Limitations -- Future Research -- References -- Chapter 3 -- Childhood Maltreatment and Adult Dispositional Mindfulness -- Abstract -- Mindfulness and Psychological Adjustment Indicators -- Mindfulness Measurement Considerations -- Mindfulness Developmental Antecedents -- Aims -- Method -- Participants and Procedure -- Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS) -- Developmental Predictors -- Childhood Maltreatment Indicators -- Violent Experiences Questionnaire -- Sexual Abuse and Assault Self-Report -- Children of Alcoholics Screening Test (CAST).

A discussion of the concept of "cultural violence," defined as any aspect of a culture that can be used to legitimize violence in its direct or structural form. Symbolic violence does not kill or maim like direct violence or the violence built into the structure, but legitimizes either or both. The relations between direct, structural, & cultural violence are explored, using a violence triangle & a violence strata image, describing various types of casual flows. Examples are presented of cultural violence from the fields of religion & ideology, art & language, & empirical & formal science. The theory of cultural violence is then related to the doctrines of the unity of life & the unity of means & ends of Gandhism. It is concluded that culture as a major focus of peace research deepens the quest for peace, & contributes to the potential formation of the discipline of "culturology.". 2 Tables, 23 References. Adapted from the source document.

The declaration of war : constitutional and unconstitutional violence / Elaine Scarry -- Violence under the law : a judge's perspective / Patricia M. Wald -- Reading violence / Carol J. Greenhouse -- Time, inequality, and law's violence / Douglas Hay -- Private violence as moral action / Robert Weisberg -- Making peace with violence : Robert Cover on law and legal thought / Austin Sarat and Thomas R. Kearns

Cover Page -- Half Title Page -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- Foreword -- Introduction -- Chapter 1: Family Violence and Intimate Partner Abuse -- 1: Family Violence in the United States: An Overview -- 2: In Ireland, Women Bear the Brunt of Family Violence -- 3: In Australia, Some Men Are Abused by Their Intimate Partners -- 4: In Nigeria, Family Violence Affects Many Women -- 5: In Vietnam, Many Women Are Abused by Their Partners -- 6: In Scotland, Many Victims of Family Violence Remain Silent -- 7: In Japan, Spousal Abuse Remains Hidden -- 8: In the United States, Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender (LGBT) People Experience Intimate Partner Abuse -- Periodical and Internet Sources Bibliography -- Chapter 2: Dowry Violence, Bride Burning, and Honor Killings -- 1: In Pakistan, Dowry Disputes Lead to Violence -- 2: In India, Bride Burning Is a Significant Problem -- 3: In Bangladesh, the Custom of Dowry Leads to Abuse -- 4: In Iraq, Honor Killings Subjugate Women -- 5: The United States Should Differentiate Honor Killings from Domestic Violence -- 6: Jordan Cracks Down on Honor Killings -- Periodical and Internet Sources Bibliography -- Chapter 3: Family Violence and Children -- 1: In China and Other Asian Countries, Girl Babies Are the Victims of Family Violence -- 2: The World Health Organization Calls for the Elimination of Female Genital Mutilation -- 3: In Uganda, the Practice of Female Genital Mutilation Continues Despite the Law -- 4: Female Genital Mutilation Is Practiced in Parts of Europe -- 5: Divorce Can Lead to Violence Directed at Children -- 6: Parricide in the United States -- Periodical and Internet Sources Bibliography -- Chapter 4: Family Violenceand Elders -- 1: Elders Must Seek Help When Abused -- 2: In India, the Abuse of Older People by Family Members Is Increasing.