The sociocultural contexts of higher education institutions form the background for gender-based violence in professional structures and environment of academia. The article presents a comparative analysis of sexual violence and the reasons for its (non-)disclosure at the piloting universities in Lithuania and Cyprus. The findings of focus group interviews conducted within the framework of the Ending Sexual Harassment and Violence in Third Level Education (ESHTE) project, co-funded by the European Union, have been summarized in the present research. The focus group participants from each partner university involved university teachers, administrative staff, counselors and university students. The research was conducted during a 3-month period between 2017 and 2018. The main aim was to investigate university staffs' and students' experiences in the disclosures of the cases of sexual violence and harassment (SVH) in university environment and campus, as well as their awareness of existing procedures and policies in handling the cases of SVH. The results of this study discovered both universities' academic and administrative staff and students' personal experiences, attitudes and beliefs of SVH, as well as any of their suggestions towards the improvement of disclosures of SVH are discussed in the article.
The sociocultural contexts of higher education institutions form the background for gender-based violence in professional structures and environment of academia. The article presents a comparative analysis of sexual violence and the reasons for its (non-)disclosure at the piloting universities in Lithuania and Cyprus. The findings of focus group interviews conducted within the framework of the Ending Sexual Harassment and Violence in Third Level Education (ESHTE) project, co-funded by the European Union, have been summarized in the present research. The focus group participants from each partner university involved university teachers, administrative staff, counselors and university students. The research was conducted during a 3-month period between 2017 and 2018. The main aim was to investigate university staffs' and students' experiences in the disclosures of the cases of sexual violence and harassment (SVH) in university environment and campus, as well as their awareness of existing procedures and policies in handling the cases of SVH. The results of this study discovered both universities' academic and administrative staff and students' personal experiences, attitudes and beliefs of SVH, as well as any of their suggestions towards the improvement of disclosures of SVH are discussed in the article.
The sociocultural contexts of higher education institutions form the background for gender-based violence in professional structures and environment of academia. The article presents a comparative analysis of sexual violence and the reasons for its (non-)disclosure at the piloting universities in Lithuania and Cyprus. The findings of focus group interviews conducted within the framework of the Ending Sexual Harassment and Violence in Third Level Education (ESHTE) project, co-funded by the European Union, have been summarized in the present research. The focus group participants from each partner university involved university teachers, administrative staff, counselors and university students. The research was conducted during a 3-month period between 2017 and 2018. The main aim was to investigate university staffs' and students' experiences in the disclosures of the cases of sexual violence and harassment (SVH) in university environment and campus, as well as their awareness of existing procedures and policies in handling the cases of SVH. The results of this study discovered both universities' academic and administrative staff and students' personal experiences, attitudes and beliefs of SVH, as well as any of their suggestions towards the improvement of disclosures of SVH are discussed in the article.
The sociocultural contexts of higher education institutions form the background for gender-based violence in professional structures and environment of academia. The article presents a comparative analysis of sexual violence and the reasons for its (non-)disclosure at the piloting universities in Lithuania and Cyprus. The findings of focus group interviews conducted within the framework of the Ending Sexual Harassment and Violence in Third Level Education (ESHTE) project, co-funded by the European Union, have been summarized in the present research. The focus group participants from each partner university involved university teachers, administrative staff, counselors and university students. The research was conducted during a 3-month period between 2017 and 2018. The main aim was to investigate university staffs' and students' experiences in the disclosures of the cases of sexual violence and harassment (SVH) in university environment and campus, as well as their awareness of existing procedures and policies in handling the cases of SVH. The results of this study discovered both universities' academic and administrative staff and students' personal experiences, attitudes and beliefs of SVH, as well as any of their suggestions towards the improvement of disclosures of SVH are discussed in the article.
The sociocultural contexts of higher education institutions form the background for gender-based violence in professional structures and environment of academia. The article presents a comparative analysis of sexual violence and the reasons for its (non-)disclosure at the piloting universities in Lithuania and Cyprus. The findings of focus group interviews conducted within the framework of the Ending Sexual Harassment and Violence in Third Level Education (ESHTE) project, co-funded by the European Union, have been summarized in the present research. The focus group participants from each partner university involved university teachers, administrative staff, counselors and university students. The research was conducted during a 3-month period between 2017 and 2018. The main aim was to investigate university staffs' and students' experiences in the disclosures of the cases of sexual violence and harassment (SVH) in university environment and campus, as well as their awareness of existing procedures and policies in handling the cases of SVH. The results of this study discovered both universities' academic and administrative staff and students' personal experiences, attitudes and beliefs of SVH, as well as any of their suggestions towards the improvement of disclosures of SVH are discussed in the article.
The object of this master thesis is Russia's public policy in the sphere of domestic violence in the period 2017-2020. The goal of the thesis is to identify the characteristic features of Russia's public policy in the sphere of domestic violence in the period 2017-2020. The main tasks of the thesis: to conceptualize the basic political and social definitions in the framework of international use in the applied plane of the policy of the Russian Federation (public policy, non-democratic political culture, domestic violence, feminicide, gender discrimination); to identify the main actors lobbying and opposing the adoption of the draft law "On the prevention of domestic violence" and conduct its social and legal analysis; to identify the main legal documents protecting victims of domestic violence at the international level in comparison with existing documents ratified on the territory of the Russian Federation; to analyze Russian cases of victims of domestic violence to identify the formation of social patterns that influence the perception of this problem in the state and public field (the case of the Khachaturian sisters, Valeria Volodina, Shema Timagova); by using a gender prism, to carry out a discourse analysis of online documents in conjunction with an analysis of narrative in order to identify the characteristic features of the Russian public policy in the sphere of domestic violence. Empirical research is carried out in the tradition of qualitative methodology, using such methods as narrative analysis and discourse analysis. Chapter 2 of this thesis uses the method of document analysis using the example of the Draft Law "On the Prevention of Domestic Violence in the Russian Federation", and the master's work itself, which is an interdisciplinary study, is carried out through the prism of gender analysis. The specificity of public policy in the sphere of domestic violence in the Russian Federation lies in the authoritarianism of political culture with conservative patriarchal views on the institution of the family. It was revealed that due to the influence of the Russian Orthodox Church on the government in decision-making policy, the state cannot be secular. They indicated that the opponents of the draft law are expressing the concept of radical conservatism together with the ideas of national authenticity, deep intolerance towards supporters of feminism and gender ideology, refusal to ratify basic international documents, excluding the possibility of Russian society developing towards liberal trends. The liberal movement and lobbying of interests against feminicide are led by more female democratic actors
The object of this master thesis is Russia's public policy in the sphere of domestic violence in the period 2017-2020. The goal of the thesis is to identify the characteristic features of Russia's public policy in the sphere of domestic violence in the period 2017-2020. The main tasks of the thesis: to conceptualize the basic political and social definitions in the framework of international use in the applied plane of the policy of the Russian Federation (public policy, non-democratic political culture, domestic violence, feminicide, gender discrimination); to identify the main actors lobbying and opposing the adoption of the draft law "On the prevention of domestic violence" and conduct its social and legal analysis; to identify the main legal documents protecting victims of domestic violence at the international level in comparison with existing documents ratified on the territory of the Russian Federation; to analyze Russian cases of victims of domestic violence to identify the formation of social patterns that influence the perception of this problem in the state and public field (the case of the Khachaturian sisters, Valeria Volodina, Shema Timagova); by using a gender prism, to carry out a discourse analysis of online documents in conjunction with an analysis of narrative in order to identify the characteristic features of the Russian public policy in the sphere of domestic violence. Empirical research is carried out in the tradition of qualitative methodology, using such methods as narrative analysis and discourse analysis. Chapter 2 of this thesis uses the method of document analysis using the example of the Draft Law "On the Prevention of Domestic Violence in the Russian Federation", and the master's work itself, which is an interdisciplinary study, is carried out through the prism of gender analysis. The specificity of public policy in the sphere of domestic violence in the Russian Federation lies in the authoritarianism of political culture with conservative patriarchal views on the institution of the family. It was revealed that due to the influence of the Russian Orthodox Church on the government in decision-making policy, the state cannot be secular. They indicated that the opponents of the draft law are expressing the concept of radical conservatism together with the ideas of national authenticity, deep intolerance towards supporters of feminism and gender ideology, refusal to ratify basic international documents, excluding the possibility of Russian society developing towards liberal trends. The liberal movement and lobbying of interests against feminicide are led by more female democratic actors
The paper analyzes the protection against domestic violence law which has been adopted on 26May, 2011 and the Republic of Lithuania Criminal Code articles of domestic violence cases, and raises the question whether all the acts with signs of domestic violence are to be regarded as having social significance. Our aim has been to establish a close environment definition, analyze social significance of existence of the circumstances, determine whether all the acts with signs of domestic violence are rightly regarded as having a social value. An analysis of close environment based on case law, legal sources and historical review has led to the conclusion that such an environment is most similar to the family relationship. The circle of individuals, which are attributed to the discussed environment, has been extended by the protection against domestic violence law. The research showed that there are four types of violence: 1. Physical violence 2. Sexual violence 3. Psychological violence 4. Economic violence In each case, these types of signs of violence are different because the criminal offense is individual. Before the entry into force of the law analyzed, the cases of violence in the environment have been assessed by the prosecutor. After the entry into force of the Law the prosecutors have lost the right in assessment, because the facts imperatively have been attributed to social significance. Analysis of the sources of law, case law and scientific literature has revealed that there is no exact interpretation of the public meaning, because it is very capacious concept. However, looking at the whole, it is concluded that the main criteria is the resonance caused by offense and harm to the society. The paper is comparing the pre-trial proceeding before the entry into force of the Law and after it. As the acts of domestic violence signs are attributed to public importance, the pre-trial procedure is the general procedure. The previous private prosecution institute, in this case, is impossible. As a result, people have lost self-determination, without being able to decide for themselves whether their rights have been violated or not. The legislator potentially because of the inappropriate institutions work, failure to apply the preventive educational measures, has taken the easiest path: evened all offenses. However, it has created another real threat - the public could become a criminal. As the process takes place in the general procedure, the number of reports of domestic violence are a lot and often abused, and this excess criminality becomes a problem. The analysis of foreign law, it turned out that all discussed states are struggling with domestic violence. However, the measures are easier, as the victim is left to self-determination option as well as the ongoing trial process can be interrupted to the victim and the accused reconciliation. Turkey, Albania, Poland, England and Wales focuses on the victims - women. Moreover, the most emphasis is on physical violence, but the victim has to decide herself on the caused damage. The examination of the case-law showed that locked in domestic violence cases, the process takes place in the general procedure even for minor health disturbances and the infliction of physical pain. These and similar cases do not cause obvious harm to the public is also not get resonance. The paper concludes that not every criminal act with signs of domestic violence is estimated as having asocial value. Economic violence in the environment in general is more theoretical than practically applicable because the relations between individuals, especially in the family, is closely linked financially. Physical violence is not always regarded as having social significance. In some cases due to low risk activity it can be recognized as minor and criminal responsibility does not incur. Sexual violence, when it comes to the husband and wife relationship, can be proved with difficulty as spouses share their sexual independence. This proves that as well as physical violence, not all symptoms correspond to with public interest criteria, so while investigating the events it necessary to take into account a number of factors. Psychological violence and its symptoms are evaluated with difficulty in accordance with the Republic of Lithuania Criminal Code articles. After the analysis it is obvious that the victim has to realize the impact and identify the damage caused. Men often become perpetrators. It can be assumed that such a situation has arisen because of the patriarchal family model. Similarly, social deprivation and alcoholism has the affects to the aggression. Also disclosed and the escalated violence can have a negative impact on the relatives, especially children of publicized people. The question arises - whether the state thus controlling the family's private life, does not break the European Union Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, Article 8 of the Convention. The intension of Lithuanian state to combat the domestic violence is a positive fact, but the problem should be addressed to a more preventive measures. Currently the consequences and punishment of person offenses are taken into account. Education and social responsibility of the people and the possibility of the prosecutor to assess the gravity of the act would bring greater benefits in solving the problem. Anti-domestic violence law has only stated the forms of violence but not specified them. The abstractness causes difficulties in identifying offenses and determining the limits of criminality.
The paper analyzes the protection against domestic violence law which has been adopted on 26May, 2011 and the Republic of Lithuania Criminal Code articles of domestic violence cases, and raises the question whether all the acts with signs of domestic violence are to be regarded as having social significance. Our aim has been to establish a close environment definition, analyze social significance of existence of the circumstances, determine whether all the acts with signs of domestic violence are rightly regarded as having a social value. An analysis of close environment based on case law, legal sources and historical review has led to the conclusion that such an environment is most similar to the family relationship. The circle of individuals, which are attributed to the discussed environment, has been extended by the protection against domestic violence law. The research showed that there are four types of violence: 1. Physical violence 2. Sexual violence 3. Psychological violence 4. Economic violence In each case, these types of signs of violence are different because the criminal offense is individual. Before the entry into force of the law analyzed, the cases of violence in the environment have been assessed by the prosecutor. After the entry into force of the Law the prosecutors have lost the right in assessment, because the facts imperatively have been attributed to social significance. Analysis of the sources of law, case law and scientific literature has revealed that there is no exact interpretation of the public meaning, because it is very capacious concept. However, looking at the whole, it is concluded that the main criteria is the resonance caused by offense and harm to the society. The paper is comparing the pre-trial proceeding before the entry into force of the Law and after it. As the acts of domestic violence signs are attributed to public importance, the pre-trial procedure is the general procedure. The previous private prosecution institute, in this case, is impossible. As a result, people have lost self-determination, without being able to decide for themselves whether their rights have been violated or not. The legislator potentially because of the inappropriate institutions work, failure to apply the preventive educational measures, has taken the easiest path: evened all offenses. However, it has created another real threat - the public could become a criminal. As the process takes place in the general procedure, the number of reports of domestic violence are a lot and often abused, and this excess criminality becomes a problem. The analysis of foreign law, it turned out that all discussed states are struggling with domestic violence. However, the measures are easier, as the victim is left to self-determination option as well as the ongoing trial process can be interrupted to the victim and the accused reconciliation. Turkey, Albania, Poland, England and Wales focuses on the victims - women. Moreover, the most emphasis is on physical violence, but the victim has to decide herself on the caused damage. The examination of the case-law showed that locked in domestic violence cases, the process takes place in the general procedure even for minor health disturbances and the infliction of physical pain. These and similar cases do not cause obvious harm to the public is also not get resonance. The paper concludes that not every criminal act with signs of domestic violence is estimated as having asocial value. Economic violence in the environment in general is more theoretical than practically applicable because the relations between individuals, especially in the family, is closely linked financially. Physical violence is not always regarded as having social significance. In some cases due to low risk activity it can be recognized as minor and criminal responsibility does not incur. Sexual violence, when it comes to the husband and wife relationship, can be proved with difficulty as spouses share their sexual independence. This proves that as well as physical violence, not all symptoms correspond to with public interest criteria, so while investigating the events it necessary to take into account a number of factors. Psychological violence and its symptoms are evaluated with difficulty in accordance with the Republic of Lithuania Criminal Code articles. After the analysis it is obvious that the victim has to realize the impact and identify the damage caused. Men often become perpetrators. It can be assumed that such a situation has arisen because of the patriarchal family model. Similarly, social deprivation and alcoholism has the affects to the aggression. Also disclosed and the escalated violence can have a negative impact on the relatives, especially children of publicized people. The question arises - whether the state thus controlling the family's private life, does not break the European Union Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, Article 8 of the Convention. The intension of Lithuanian state to combat the domestic violence is a positive fact, but the problem should be addressed to a more preventive measures. Currently the consequences and punishment of person offenses are taken into account. Education and social responsibility of the people and the possibility of the prosecutor to assess the gravity of the act would bring greater benefits in solving the problem. Anti-domestic violence law has only stated the forms of violence but not specified them. The abstractness causes difficulties in identifying offenses and determining the limits of criminality.
The paper analyzes the protection against domestic violence law which has been adopted on 26May, 2011 and the Republic of Lithuania Criminal Code articles of domestic violence cases, and raises the question whether all the acts with signs of domestic violence are to be regarded as having social significance. Our aim has been to establish a close environment definition, analyze social significance of existence of the circumstances, determine whether all the acts with signs of domestic violence are rightly regarded as having a social value. An analysis of close environment based on case law, legal sources and historical review has led to the conclusion that such an environment is most similar to the family relationship. The circle of individuals, which are attributed to the discussed environment, has been extended by the protection against domestic violence law. The research showed that there are four types of violence: 1. Physical violence 2. Sexual violence 3. Psychological violence 4. Economic violence In each case, these types of signs of violence are different because the criminal offense is individual. Before the entry into force of the law analyzed, the cases of violence in the environment have been assessed by the prosecutor. After the entry into force of the Law the prosecutors have lost the right in assessment, because the facts imperatively have been attributed to social significance. Analysis of the sources of law, case law and scientific literature has revealed that there is no exact interpretation of the public meaning, because it is very capacious concept. However, looking at the whole, it is concluded that the main criteria is the resonance caused by offense and harm to the society. The paper is comparing the pre-trial proceeding before the entry into force of the Law and after it. As the acts of domestic violence signs are attributed to public importance, the pre-trial procedure is the general procedure. The previous private prosecution institute, in this case, is impossible. As a result, people have lost self-determination, without being able to decide for themselves whether their rights have been violated or not. The legislator potentially because of the inappropriate institutions work, failure to apply the preventive educational measures, has taken the easiest path: evened all offenses. However, it has created another real threat - the public could become a criminal. As the process takes place in the general procedure, the number of reports of domestic violence are a lot and often abused, and this excess criminality becomes a problem. The analysis of foreign law, it turned out that all discussed states are struggling with domestic violence. However, the measures are easier, as the victim is left to self-determination option as well as the ongoing trial process can be interrupted to the victim and the accused reconciliation. Turkey, Albania, Poland, England and Wales focuses on the victims - women. Moreover, the most emphasis is on physical violence, but the victim has to decide herself on the caused damage. The examination of the case-law showed that locked in domestic violence cases, the process takes place in the general procedure even for minor health disturbances and the infliction of physical pain. These and similar cases do not cause obvious harm to the public is also not get resonance. The paper concludes that not every criminal act with signs of domestic violence is estimated as having asocial value. Economic violence in the environment in general is more theoretical than practically applicable because the relations between individuals, especially in the family, is closely linked financially. Physical violence is not always regarded as having social significance. In some cases due to low risk activity it can be recognized as minor and criminal responsibility does not incur. Sexual violence, when it comes to the husband and wife relationship, can be proved with difficulty as spouses share their sexual independence. This proves that as well as physical violence, not all symptoms correspond to with public interest criteria, so while investigating the events it necessary to take into account a number of factors. Psychological violence and its symptoms are evaluated with difficulty in accordance with the Republic of Lithuania Criminal Code articles. After the analysis it is obvious that the victim has to realize the impact and identify the damage caused. Men often become perpetrators. It can be assumed that such a situation has arisen because of the patriarchal family model. Similarly, social deprivation and alcoholism has the affects to the aggression. Also disclosed and the escalated violence can have a negative impact on the relatives, especially children of publicized people. The question arises - whether the state thus controlling the family's private life, does not break the European Union Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, Article 8 of the Convention. The intension of Lithuanian state to combat the domestic violence is a positive fact, but the problem should be addressed to a more preventive measures. Currently the consequences and punishment of person offenses are taken into account. Education and social responsibility of the people and the possibility of the prosecutor to assess the gravity of the act would bring greater benefits in solving the problem. Anti-domestic violence law has only stated the forms of violence but not specified them. The abstractness causes difficulties in identifying offenses and determining the limits of criminality.
The object of this master thesis is public policy of the United Kingdom and Germany in domestic violence. The main goal of this research is to analyze the current situation of chosen countries and as well as to discover similarities and differences of methods for preventing violence in the United Kingdom and Germany and other EU states. The main task of my study is to identify how cultural factors impact the policy-making process in case of domestic violence. The usage of such methods as analysis of literature, legislation analysis, interview analysis, discourse analysis and comparative analysis led to a conclusion that domestic violence subject is a globally gender-based problem that touches each country. However, all states solve this problem in their own ways. Moreover, many countries don't even gather data regarding violent cases and don't take any legislation and methods for preventing domestic abuse. As well as many policies that were implemented in other countries, don't work due to many reasons. First, it happens because the governments don't take into consideration cultural factors that play a big role in the society, introducing a new legislation. As well as females keep silent about domestic violence in their families due to many reasons so that it`s impossible to gather accurate data that shows the size of the problem and it helps to take proper measures for combating domestic violence. The governments and authorities that are specialized on this subject should put this problem in the priority list and introduce a new legislation considering all factors that can hinder the policy`s success. For my thesis, I use resources and literature related to domestic violence problems on the territory of the United Kingdom and Germany that help me to identify similarities and differences that exist in methods for preventing domestic abuse. Moreover, I used official websites and studies related to domestic violence not only in the United Kingdom and Germany but also in other EU countries. I recommend my thesis for politicians and authorities that are specialized on domestic violence problem and for individuals who are interested in this subject.
The object of this master thesis is public policy of the United Kingdom and Germany in domestic violence. The main goal of this research is to analyze the current situation of chosen countries and as well as to discover similarities and differences of methods for preventing violence in the United Kingdom and Germany and other EU states. The main task of my study is to identify how cultural factors impact the policy-making process in case of domestic violence. The usage of such methods as analysis of literature, legislation analysis, interview analysis, discourse analysis and comparative analysis led to a conclusion that domestic violence subject is a globally gender-based problem that touches each country. However, all states solve this problem in their own ways. Moreover, many countries don't even gather data regarding violent cases and don't take any legislation and methods for preventing domestic abuse. As well as many policies that were implemented in other countries, don't work due to many reasons. First, it happens because the governments don't take into consideration cultural factors that play a big role in the society, introducing a new legislation. As well as females keep silent about domestic violence in their families due to many reasons so that it`s impossible to gather accurate data that shows the size of the problem and it helps to take proper measures for combating domestic violence. The governments and authorities that are specialized on this subject should put this problem in the priority list and introduce a new legislation considering all factors that can hinder the policy`s success. For my thesis, I use resources and literature related to domestic violence problems on the territory of the United Kingdom and Germany that help me to identify similarities and differences that exist in methods for preventing domestic abuse. Moreover, I used official websites and studies related to domestic violence not only in the United Kingdom and Germany but also in other EU countries. I recommend my thesis for politicians and authorities that are specialized on domestic violence problem and for individuals who are interested in this subject.
The object of this master thesis is the problem of domestic violence against women. The goal of this thesis is to identify international legal standards in the field of combating domestic violence against women and ways to implement these standards in national legislation on the example of the Republic of Belarus and the Republic of Lithuania. The main tasks of the thesis are: to define the concept of domestic violence; define the importance of combating domestic violence; track the evolution of standards for combating domestic violence; to define the existing international legal standards for combating domestic violence at the universal and regional levels; find out how international legal standards on combating domestic violence against women are implemented in national legislation on the example of the Republic of Belarus and the Republic of Lithuania; identify problematic aspects of national legislation related to the regulation of combating domestic violence and propose changes based on established international standards in this area. The usage of such methods as sociological, feminist, and evolutionary, analysis, synthesis, deduction, and comparative legal method led to a conclusion that over the past few decades, there has been a radical transformation in the international community's attitude towards violence against women, including domestic violence. The consolidation of guarantees of protection against domestic violence against women at the international level, as well as the development of jurisprudence on this issue, have played a huge role in shaping international standards related to this problem. To eradicate domestic violence, it is necessary to require states to fulfill positive obligations to prevent domestic violence, and the adoption of a specialized law is the first step to combat domestic violence by complying with international obligations.
The object of this master thesis is the problem of domestic violence against women. The goal of this thesis is to identify international legal standards in the field of combating domestic violence against women and ways to implement these standards in national legislation on the example of the Republic of Belarus and the Republic of Lithuania. The main tasks of the thesis are: to define the concept of domestic violence; define the importance of combating domestic violence; track the evolution of standards for combating domestic violence; to define the existing international legal standards for combating domestic violence at the universal and regional levels; find out how international legal standards on combating domestic violence against women are implemented in national legislation on the example of the Republic of Belarus and the Republic of Lithuania; identify problematic aspects of national legislation related to the regulation of combating domestic violence and propose changes based on established international standards in this area. The usage of such methods as sociological, feminist, and evolutionary, analysis, synthesis, deduction, and comparative legal method led to a conclusion that over the past few decades, there has been a radical transformation in the international community's attitude towards violence against women, including domestic violence. The consolidation of guarantees of protection against domestic violence against women at the international level, as well as the development of jurisprudence on this issue, have played a huge role in shaping international standards related to this problem. To eradicate domestic violence, it is necessary to require states to fulfill positive obligations to prevent domestic violence, and the adoption of a specialized law is the first step to combat domestic violence by complying with international obligations.
Domestic violence is negative phenomenon, which occurs in society quite frequently. This is criminal act, which proper qualification raises various legal issues. The latter are related to the lack of violence forms definition, qualification of violence and proper assessment of phenomenon that depends from limitation of legislation. Therefore, purpose of this study is to reveal forms of domestic violence (physical, psychological, sexual and economic) and their qualification in Lithuanian courts practice. Study purpose: to reveal problematic aspects of domestic violence qualification. The study revealed that psychological and economic violence proving is difficult due to the lack of criteria for identifying this act in the absence of solid evidence. The analysis of Lithuanian case law revealed that classification of physical violence as a minor criminal offense does not reach the level of severity for which the perpetrator could be prosecuted is problem. In the courts, it is difficult to determine the insignificance of experienced physical domestic violence. This is due to different case law in assessing the nature of physical violence experienced in the immediate surroundings, subjective and objective criteria and circumstances. The issue of negligible is not defined in the law but is evaluated according to different criteria; there is no uniform case law on this issue. In qualifying psychological violence and mental violence, there are no specific criteria for proving these criminal acts, which makes courts asses such forms of violence differently, therefore it remains unclear what kind of violence was experienced and how it should be assessed in accordance with the provisions of the criminal procedure.
