Suchergebnisse

La cronaca della politica estera dell'ultimo anno sembra essere stata dominata da una contesa per la libertà e il controllo delle informazioni sulle reti digitali. È in atto una vera e propria guerra, combattuta per ora dalle diplomazie internazionali, dai servizi segreti e da alcuni inattesi protagonisti come le aziende della Silicon Valley; la conferma, più che autorevole, proviene infatti dal segretario di stato americano, Hillary Clinton, che il 2 marzo 2011 (di fronte alla Commissione Esteri del Senato) proclama: "Stiamo perdendo la guerra dell'informazione".

The civil wars of the years 68‐69 represented a watershed in the history of the Roman empire. Even though they originated in some key provinces, they knew their final stage in Northern Italy, and especially near the site of Bedriacum, where the two most important battles of the war were fought. This study aims to analyse the impact of these conflicts on the local communities of Northern Italy, and the latter's participation in the most crucial phases of the fights. Particularly, it follows the actions of L. Verginius Rufus, a man of consular rank who came from Milan and that twice refused an imperial acclamation, of the soldiers of North‐ Italian origins that fought in this area, and of Cremona, a town that due to its disputed loyalty was destroyed at the very end of the war ; Le guerre civili del 68‐69 segnarono uno spartiacque nella storia dell'impero romano. Sebbene generate da movimenti di ribellione scaturiti in alcune delle province più importanti dell'impero, esse conobbero il loro epilogo finale in Italia settentrionale, e in particolar modo presso la comunità di Bedriacum, dove furono combattute le due battaglie decisive. Il presente lavoro si prefigge di analizzare che impatto ebbero questi scontri sulle comunità locali e in che modo queste ultime parteciparono attivamente (o passivamente) alle fasi più acute della lunga guerra civile. In particolare, vengono ripercorse le vicende del consolare di origine milanese L. Verginio Rufo, che rifiutò in ben due occasioni la porpora imperiale, dei soldati di origine transpadana che militarono negli eserciti impegnati nella regione, e della città di Cremona, che proprio a causa della sua discussa lealtà venne distrutta a termine di questo longus et unus annus.

L'articolo intende ricostruire i principali momenti della militanza antifascista femminile in Tunisia. Il lavoro inizia ripercorrendo brevemente la storia della comunità italiana in Tunisia e la nascita del movimento antifascista, ma pone l'accento sulla militanza femminile nel movimento. Delle militanti conoscevamo solo alcune donne borghesi che hanno lasciato traccia del loro operato attraverso la pubblicazione di biografie. Grazie alla consultazione del fondo del Casellario Politico presso l'Archivio Centrale di Stato, sono emersi i fascicoli di diciassette donne italiane impegnate nella lotta al fascismo in Tunisia, donne delle quali non avevamo alcuna notizia. Integrando le informazioni tratte dalle biografie con quelle ricavate dai fascicoli dell'Archivio di Stato, è stato possibile ricostruire a tutto campo l'attività antifascista femminile. ; This article aims at illustrating the keys stages of the anti-fascist militant movement carried by women in Tunisia. The work begins recreating briefly the history of the italian communities in Tunisia and the birth of the anti-fascist movement, underlining the importance of women's involvement. Little is known about those activists, whose traces could only been found in published biographies. Moreover, dossiers regarding seventeen italian women, actively involved in the anti-fascist conflict, could also be found consulting the Central Archives of the State. Combining information taken from the biographies and the dossiers, a bigger picture of the women's anti-fascist activism could finally be traced.

One of the most outstanding characteristics of the late 14th century merchant letters is the extraordinary variety of their contents. The medieval merchants pour in their correspondences a flood of informations about economics, politics, health, society, art, private life in the widest possible meaning, and offer to contemporary scholars a very original and rich source to a multidisciplinary analysis on late medieval society. The letters in fact offer an extremely rich material to researchers not only on the economic history of the late 14th century, but also on the wider field of political, religious, material, sanitary history and to the analysis of interpersonal relationships and histoire de la mentalité of this period. ; Abstract Tra le caratteristiche più sorprendenti e significative del carteggio commerciale di fine Trecento emerge la sua straordinaria abbondanza di contenuti molto diversi. I mercanti del tempo riversano nelle loro lettere informazioni di tipo economico, politico, sanitario, religioso, sociale, artistico e privato, nell'accezione più ampia del termine, offrendo così agli studiosi odierni una fonte originalissima per un approccio multidisciplinare, un materiale utile non soltanto per la storia economica del tardo XIV secolo ma anche per la storia politica, sanitaria, religiosa, materiale, culturale, della mentalità e delle relazioni interpersonali di questo periodo.

Generally, the developments of criminology and psychoanalysis between the end of the Nineteenth century and the first decades of the XX° are considered substantially separate; such interpretation is especially applied to relationships between Lombrosian scholars and the first Italian followers of Sigmund Freud. However, an accurate analysis of bibliographical and archival materials relevant to that period allows to describe a more articulated and manifold reality. Purpose of this paper is to reconstruct by an historical approach the relationships between criminologists and pioneers of psychoanalysis in Italy in the period between world wars, when Lombroso had died from a long time and an elder Freud had reached a worldwide notoriety. Especially after 1930 – despite a largely hostile political and cul-tural context – some considerable Italian exponents of criminology and psychoanalysis developed a lively and sometimes significant dialectics. Their comparison – although among increasing reticences and difficulties – continued, even after the dramatic beginning of racial persecutions, up to the war already begun. ; Generalmente gli sviluppi della criminologia e della psicoanalisi tra la fine del XIX secolo e i primi decenni del XX si considerano sostanzialmente separati e tale interpretazione viene applicata specialmente ai rapporti intercorsi fra gli studiosi di ispirazione lombrosiana e i primi seguaci italiani di Sigmund Freud. Tuttavia la scrupolosa analisi di materiali bibliografici e archivistici attinenti a quel periodo consente di ricostruire una realtà più articolata e complessa. Scopo del presente contributo è ricostruire mediante un approccio storico le relazioni intercorse fra criminologi e pionieri della psicoanalisi in Italia nel periodo fra le guerre mondiali, quando Lombroso era scomparso da tempo e Freud, ormai anziano, aveva raggiunto una notorietà mondiale. Specialmente dopo il 1930, nonostante un contesto politico e culturale in buona parte ostile, alcuni importanti esponenti italiani della ...

The text proposes a comparison between the fortifications (bunkers and batteries) erected during the decade 1936-45 along the Mediterranean coasts of Spain and Italy and the network of defense architecture built in modern times. The needs to considering both architectural and landscape Heritage gives opportunity for new debate concerning the matter of conservation. In particular because those latest elements are the oldest armored ruins of modern 20th-century architecture. This group of bunkers and coastal and anti-aircraft batteries is called Muro Mediterráneo for its formal and functional affinity with the Atlantic Wall built by the German army during World War II (circa 1942) along the coast from France to Norway.The comparison with the "network of sentinel", erected by the Christian kingdoms in the Modern Age (XVI-XVIII sec.) along the Mediterranean coast for his defense, showed similar design criteria, location, functionality and materiality, however, while the 'sentinels' are protected by laws, the contemporary casemates are not. Among these, the differences are (without considering the age difference) as the towers have strong volumes emerging from the profile of the territory while bunkers and batteries (with similar geometric models) are mimetically integrated with the topography of the places where they are inserted. The elements of the Mediterráneo Wall form a new anthropic landscape which can be considered a monument for its allegory of tomb and memorial at the same time.

The text proposes a comparison between the fortifications (bunkers and batteries) erected during the decade 1936-45 along the Mediterranean coasts of Spain and Italy and the network of defense architecture built in modern times. The needs to considering both architectural and landscape heritage gives opportunity for new debate concerning the matter of conservation. In particular because those latest elements are the oldest armored ruins of modern 20th-century architecture. This group of bunkers and coastal and anti-aircraft batteries is called Muro Mediterráneo for its formal and functional affinity with the Atlantic Wall built by the German army during World War II (circa 1942) along the coast from France to Norway. The comparison with the 'network of sentinel', erected by the Christian kingdoms in the Modern Age (XVI-XVIII sec.) along the Mediterranean coast for his defense, showed similar design criteria, location, functionality and materiality, however, while the 'sentinels' are protected by laws, the contemporary casemates are not. Among these, the differences are (without considering the age difference) as the towers have strong volumes emerging from the profile of the territory while bunkers and batteries (with similar geometric models) are mimetically integrated with the topography of the places where they are inserted. The elements of the Mediterráneo Wall form a new anthropic landscape which can be considered a monument for its allegory of tomb and memorial at the same time. ; El texto propone una comparación entre las fortificaciones (búnkeres y baterías) erigidas durante la década 1936-45 a lo largo de las costas mediterráneas de España e Italia y la red de defensas arquitectónicas construida en la edad Moderna. La necesidad de considerar el patrimonio arquitectónico y paisajístico da la oportunidad para un nuevo debate sobre el tema de la conservación. En particular porque esos últimos elementos son las ruinas acorazadas más antiguas de la arquitectura moderna del siglo XX. Este grupo de bunkers y baterías costeras y antiaéreas lo denominamos 'Muro Mediterráneo' por sus características formales y funcionales de afinidad con el Muro Atlántico (Atlantik Wall) construido por el ejército alemán durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial (alrededor de 1942) a lo largo de la costa de Francia hasta Noruega. La comparación con la "red de centinelas", erigida por los reinos cristianos reinos en la Edad Moderna (siglos XVI-XVIII) a lo largo de la costa mediterránea para su defensa, muestra criterios de diseño similares de ubicación, funcionalidad y materialidad; sin embargo, mientras que los "centinelas" son protegidos por las leyes, las casamatas contemporáneas no lo son. Entre estos, las diferencias son (sin considerar la diferencia de edad) que las torres tienen grandes volúmenes que emergen del perfil del territorio mientras que los búnkeres y baterías (con modelos geométricos similares) se integran miméticamente con la topografía de los lugares donde se insertan. Los elementos del Muro Mediterráneo forman un nuevo paisaje antrópico que puede considerarse un monumento por su alegoría de tumba y monumento al mismo tiempo como señaló Paul Virilio. ; Polo Museale della Sardegna; Università degli Studi di Cagliari; University of Edimburg; Istituto Italiano dei Castelli

This paper aims at analyzing the socio-demographic structure of Venezia Giulia and Macedonia, focusing on the cities of Trieste and Thessaloniki and their surroundings in the period between the end of the 19th century and the middle of the twentieth century. The two cited examples present in fact a series of similarities, such as the strongly hierarchical connotation of the triple ethnic stratification common to both realities, characterized by the presence at the upper level of an administrative and military «caste» (in first case the Germans, in the second the Turks); the intermediate level was instead reserved for the dominant «historical» nationality (Italian in the north, Greek in the south), dedicated above all to commercial activities, while the lower level was occupied by predominantly peasant Slavic masses (Slovenian in Venezia Giulia, Bulgarian/Macedonian in Macedonia). Finally, the importance of local Jewish communities should not be underestimated.

Estratto dalle Memorie storiche militari, fascicolo 4o del 1912, 16o della raccolta. ; At head of title: Comando del corpo di stato maggiore, Ufficio storico. ; Bibliography: p. [449]-453. ; Mode of access: Internet.

Acquisition made accessible thanks to a 2015-2017 grant from the Council on Libraries and Information Resources. ; University of Illinois bookplate: "From the library of Conte Antonio Cavagna Sangiuliani di Gualdana Lazelada di Bereguardo, purchased 1921". ; Mode of access: Internet.