Suchergebnisse

Why are some countries rich and other countries poor, and is there a way to measure the integral wellbeing of societies?

II Jornadas de investigación para los estudiantes de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud ; Introducción: La regulación emocional es la capacidad para manejar las emociones de manera apropiada, modificando su intensidad y duración, por lo que se ha vinculado con el bienestar psicológico. Así mismo, la actividad física se considera beneficiosa para la salud, aunque los resultados que la vinculan con el bienestar psicológico y emocional no han sido concluyentes. Objetivo: Este estudio pretende explorar la relación entre el bienestar psicológico y la actividad física durante la adolescencia, un período del desarrollo caracterizado por una elevada inestabilidad emocional. Método: Se seleccionó una muestra de adolescentes de 13-14 años (70 de práctica deportiva competitiva, pertenecientes a clubs federados por más de 2 años y que entrenaban al menos 3 veces por semana, y 50 no deportistas) que completaron una batería de instrumentos psicológicos en diferentes sesiones. Resultados: Los datos preliminares indican que el grupo de adolescentes que realizaban práctica deportiva competitiva (pdc), en comparación con el grupo que no practicaba deporte, mostraron menores puntuaciones en las escalas de ansiedad y depresión del basc-s3, así como en la escala de afecto negativo del panas-n, mientras que mostraron mayores puntuaciones en las escalas de claridad de sentimientos y reparación emocional del tmms-24. Conclusiones: Estos resultados sugieren que el grupo de pdc mostró mayores competencias emocionales y un mayor bienestar psicológico. Igualmente, ponen de manifiesto la conveniencia de aplicar políticas de educación y salud pública más eficaces para fomentar la práctica deportiva con el fin de mejorar la regulación emocional en la población adolescente e incrementar su salud física y psicológica. ; Background: Emotion regulation is the capability to manage emotions in an adecuate way, modifying their intensity and durability, beeing therefore associated to psychological wellbeing. Likewise, physical activity is considered beneficious for health, even when results that relate exercise to psychological and emotional wellbeing have not been conclusive. Aim: This study aims to explore the relation between psychological wellbeing and physical activity during adolescence, a developing stage characterized by a high emotional inestability. Method: The sample was made by adolescents between 13 and 14 years old (70 practicing competitive sports, members of federated deportive clubs for more than 2 years and training at least 3 times a week, and 50 nonathletes). Participants completed several psychological tests in different sessions. Results: Preliminary data indicate that the group of adolescents who practised competitive sports (pcs) showed lower scores than non-athletes in anxiety and depresion scales of basc-s3, as well as in the negative affect scale of panas-n. Nevertheless, nonathletes showed higher scores in clarity of emotions and emotional repair scales of tmms-24. Conclusions: These results suggest that the pcs group showed higher emotional skills and better psychological wellbeing. Furthermore, our data show the need to apply educational politicies and public health programmes promoting sports practice to improve emotion regulation in adolescent population, increasing its physical and psychological health.

Governments in many countries are decentralising to give more control over decision making and budgets to local administrations. One expectation of this change is that local governments will more effectively and efficiently respond to the poorest citizens in their jurisdictions. Decentralisation is especially significant to forest communities, which have historically benefited little from government services and poverty reduction programmes because of their physical isolation and social marginalisation. This Source Book was written for local governments and their partners who hope to respond to the needs of forest communities and improve the wellbeing of their people. It first discusses important concepts, such as decentralisation, wellbeing, poverty and the link between forests and poverty. It then presents four participatory tools that local governments may find useful to involve forest communities in the planning, monitoring and evaluation of development and poverty alleviation programmes, namely: monitoring local poverty contexts through interactive mapping; monitoring household wellbeing through local indicators; community evaluation of local government programmes; and communicating communities' needs through scenario-based planning. The Source Book is based on the findings of an action research project carried out in forest communities in Indonesia and Bolivia by the Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR). Although developed and tested in just two countries, the concepts and tools apply to people and governments around the globe.

The remainder of the six years of privatization and denationalization of Colombia Telecommunications, has been a negative factor for Colombia and its citizens. The new foreign operator, Telefónica Internacional, failed to comply with its contractual obligations, its management and service are terrible, its financial results are negative and furthermore it has been saved by the Law on Capitalization, a government initiative, approved by the president of the Republic, thereby converting the Nation of Colombia into the custodian of oligopolistic transnational interests. Its nationalization will allow it to recover and to protect public patrimony, place it at the service of economic development, social progress and the well being of Colombians. The research undertaken has integrated historical and logic methodology, making use of primary sources such as interviews, laws, decrees, reports, opinions and judgments as well as secondary sources such as theses, assays and articles in addition to documentary analyses. ; El balance de los seis años de privatización y desnacionalización de Colombia Telecomunicaciones, es negativo para Colombia y para los colombianos. El nuevo operador extranjero Telefónica Internacional incumplió las obligaciones contractuales, su gestión en la prestación del servicio es pésima, sus resultados financieros son negativos y ha sido salvado por la Ley de Capitalización de iniciativa gubernamental, sancionada por el Presidente de la República, convirtiendo a la Nación Colombiana en guardián de los intereses oligopólicos transnacionales. Su nacionalización logrará recuperar y proteger el patrimonio público, ponerlo al servicio del desarrollo económico, el progreso social y el bienestar de los colombianos. En la investigación realizada, se integraron los métodos histórico y lógico, el análisis y la síntesis; se utilizaron las fuentes primarias (entrevistas, leyes, decretos, informes, conceptos, sentencias judiciales),secundarias (tesis, ensayos, artículos) y se hizo análisis documental.

The influence of social change on the psychosocial wellbeing of individuals has been a major issue in psychological research, although under very heterogeneous methodological approaches and ideologies. In spite of this heterogeneity, in the last years, many authors have opened new perspectives in this field. The theories of Bandura, Rotter and Bronfenbrenner's ecological systems, amongst others, appear to be key concepts in the understanding of the relationship of the sociocultural dynamics generated by the crisis and individual wellbeing. From the idiographic point of view, the change in social identities and narratives could provide clues about how people adapt to social changes. As a synthesis, and because this phenomenon should be studied under an international and cross-cultural scope, we consider a mixed methods approach optimal as it is well suited at both the locally specific and the international levels. Adapted from the source document.

Se analiza la atención que desde las distintas Administración públicas se presta a las necesidades especiales de la infancia con discapacidad. Con tal fin se aborda el papel de la infancia en la Estrategia y Plan de Acción hacia la Discapacidad de la Unión Europea. Seguidamente se profundiza en los objetivos y medidas que nuestra Administración dedica al desarrollo de las capacidades de estos niños y niñas incluyendo el tratamiento especial que el Sistema de Autonomía y Dependencia dedica a los menores de tres años. Por último, el artículo se detiene en las características de la intervención social y los centros y recursos dirigidos a esta infancia funcionalmente diversa. Los recursos de apoyo en los sistemas educativo y sanitario, los centros de educación especial y los programas y centros de atención infantil temprana se encuentran al servicio de un programa de intervención individualizado para el menor y su contexto familiar. ; This paper analyses the attention paid by the different areas of the public sector to the special needs of disabled children. With this aim in mind, the role of children in the EU Disability Action Plan is examined The objectives and measures that our public sector has in place to develop the capability of these children is then addressed in more detail. This includes the special treatment provided for children under three years old as part of the System for Autonomy and Dependence Care. Lastly, the characteristics of social intervention and the centres and resources aimed at disabled children are examined. Support resources in the educational and health systems, special education centres and early childhood intervention centres and programmes all have a role in individualised intervention programmes for children and their family situation.En alemán:Der Artikel untersucht die soziale Förderung von Kindern mit spezifischen Behinderungen seitens verschiedener staatlicher Institutionen. Hierzu wird das besondere Augenmerk auf die Bedeutung der Kindheit in der Strategie und im Aktionsplan der EU gerichtet. Anschließend werden die Ziele und die Maßnahmen der Verwaltungsinstitutionen, die sich mit der Entwicklung der Fähigkeiten behinderter Kinder beschäftigen, näher vorgestellt; besondere Beachtung findet hierbei die Sonderförderung, die sich dem System von Autonomie und Abhängigkeit von Dreijähigen widmet. Zuletzt betrachtet der Artikel die charakteristischen Besonderheiten der gesellschaftlichen Förderung und die spezifischen Zentren und Fördermittel dieser funktional untergliederten Kinderförderung. Die Fördermittel im Erziehungs- und Gesundheitswesen, die Zentren der Sonderpädagogik sowie die Programme und Zentren der Kinderfrühförderung stehen im Dienste der individuellen Förderung des Kindes und seines familiären Umfelds.

Esta investigación fue realizada por los miembros del Centre d'Estudis Sociològics sobre la Vida Quotidiana i el Treball del Departamento de Sociología de la UAB (QUIT), bajo la dirección de Fausto Miguélez. La investigación ha sido financiada por el Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia (Plan Nacional I+D+I - SEJ2005-04078). ; El artículo presenta unas reflexiones sobre el vínculo que existe entre las políticas de bienestar y el desarrollo local en España. Para ello trata de: a) discernir hasta qué punto la idea de bienestar forma parte del imaginario y de las prácticas de los ayuntamientos; b) delimitar el espacio que esa idea y esas prácticas ocupan en la agenda municipal y c) apuntar algunas de las razones por las cuales la relación entre bienestar, política local y empleo de calidad parecen ser cuasi inexistentes. ; The article presents some reflections on the link between social care and local development in Spain. It attempts to: a) determine the extent to which the idea of wellbeing is part of the social imaginary and the practices of local councils; b) define the importance that this idea and these practices have in the local agenda; and c) reveal some of the reasons why the relationship between care, local politics and quality employment seems to be almost nonexistent.

ResumenEn este artículo se presenta una descripción del bienestar de un grupo de personas de la ciudad de Barranquilla, Colombia. La población seleccionada está constituida por sujetos que no han estado expuestos a ningún tipo de hecho o acontecimiento violento. En búsqueda de hacer un reconocimiento puntual y sustentado de forma teórica acerca del bienestar que experimentan estas personas que han vivido bajo el marco de una historia social y política determinante, se incluyen las variables de autoestima, depresión y anomia para tener en cuenta factores personales durante el análisis. Los resultados indican que a pesar de las circunstancias por las que atraviesa el país, estas personas conservan un alto índice de bienestar y satisfacción con la vida.AbstractThis article presents the welfare description of a small group of people from the city of Barranquilla, Colombia. The sample selected for the study was formed from subjects that have not been exposed to any kind of violent situation. This articles intent to make an accurate and argumentative point in regards to the welfare of the subjects given their social and political history. It has been taken into consideration the variables of self-esteem, depression and anomia so their personal aspects are also part of the analysis. The results indicate that even though, the situation in which the country is going thru, this group of people keeps a high index of welfare and satisfaction for life.

ResumenEn este artículo se presenta una descripción del bienestar de un grupo de personas de la ciudad de Barranquilla, Colombia. La población seleccionada está constituida por sujetos que no han estado expuestos a ningún tipo de hecho o acontecimiento violento. En búsqueda de hacer un reconocimiento puntual y sustentado de forma teórica acerca del bienestar que experimentan estas personas que han vivido bajo el marco de una historia social y política determinante, se incluyen las variables de autoestima, depresión y anomia para tener en cuenta factores personales durante el análisis. Los resultados indican que a pesar de las circunstancias por las que atraviesa el país, estas personas conservan un alto índice de bienestar y satisfacción con la vida.AbstractThis article presents the welfare description of a small group of people from the city of Barranquilla, Colombia. The sample selected for the study was formed from subjects that have not been exposed to any kind of violent situation. This articles intent to make an accurate and argumentative point in regards to the welfare of the subjects given their social and political history. It has been taken into consideration the variables of self-esteem, depression and anomia so their personal aspects are also part of the analysis. The results indicate that even though, the situation in which the country is going thru, this group of people keeps a high index of welfare and satisfaction for life.

This research aims to explore some methodological issues in the topic of savings in Mexico, considering the international context, and also to discuss relevant historical events and some cultural characteristics in Mexico, in order to achieve greater understanding of savings behavior and how these establish preference for present consumption, hurting people in their old ages. This study includes some methodological issues, the legal framework in the pension system in Mexico, and also savings' informal practices, finishing with directions of research. Vulnerable groups' wellbeing, such as the one related with elderly people, has taken relevance in recent literature. It has been identified that savings is an important part of people's wellbeing, particularly when old, because among other things, savings reduce uncertainty by smoothing consumption, and it might guarantee health access in countries where the government is still unable to provide services for the entire population. ; Esta investigación pretende revisar de manera exploratoria algunas variantes metodológicas en el tema del ahorro para México en el contexto internacional, a la vez que se mencionan episodios históricos relevantes y algunas características culturales en México, de tal manera que se logra un mejor alcance en el entendimiento del comportamiento del ahorro y como estos establecieron la preferencia al consumo presente, con el consecuente menoscabo del bienestar del adulto en su etapa de vejez. Se expone tanto algunas consideraciones metodológicas como también el marco legal en los sistemas de pensiones. Se incluyen en este estudio las prácticas informales del ahorro, finalizando con algunas directrices en la investigación. El bienestar de grupos vulnerables, como lo son los adultos mayores, retoman relevancia en las líneas de investigación en los últimos años, y se identifica que el ahorro es un componente importante del bienestar, sobre todo en la tercera edad, porque entre otras causas, el ahorro reduce la incertidumbre al suavizar el consumo, y pudiera garantizar en el futuro el acceso a la salud en los países donde no se logra cobertura total de la población. Methodological considerations and historical context of savings and older adults in Mexico Abstract This research aims to explore some methodological issues in the topic of savings in Mexico, considering the international context, and also to discuss relevant historical events and some cultural characteristics in Mexico, in order to achieve greater understanding of savings behavior and how these establish preference for present consumption, hurting people in their old ages. This study includes some methodological issues, the legal framework in the pension system in Mexico, and also savings' informal practices, finishing with directions of research. Vulnerable groups' wellbeing, such as the one related with elderly people, has taken relevance in recent literature. It has been identified that savings is an important part of people's wellbeing, particularly when old, because among other things, savings reduce uncertainty by smoothing consumption, and it might guarantee health access in countries where the government is still unable to provide services for the entire population. Keywords: Savings, Mexico, older adults.

In 2000-2006 Mexican participation in the Pacific regional fora was increasingly diversified. The international performance of legislators, private sector representatives & -- in a lesser extent -- scholars reveals that foreign policy is no more a privileged domain of the Executive branch of government. For the new administration safeguarding the wellbeing of Mexicans abroad is not enough, as it is also necessary to take into account the international interests of all Mexicans. The new context calls for a direct & coordinated participation of every national concerned actor in the design, implementation, & monitoring of a foreign policy of State. Tables. Adapted from the source document.

Para cuantificar el efecto de las principales transferencias de gobierno sobre la desigualdad y pobreza en una comunidad rural, se calcularon el Coeficiente de Gini e indicadores de Foster, Greer y Thorbecke por fuentes de ingreso utilizando las líneas de bienestar y bienestar mínimo. Los resultados muestran que las transferencias significaron 22.6% del ingreso total de los hogares, un coeficiente de Gini de 0.363, la incidencia en la línea de bienestar mínimo y de bienestar de 54.7 y 87.2%, respectivamente. La falta de transferencias hace que el coeficiente de Gini, la incidencia de línea de bienestar mínimo y el porcentaje de hogares que viven por debajo de la línea de bienestar se eleven a 0.439, 65.5% y 91.5%, respectivamente. Un aumento del 10% en las transferencias permite una disminución de -1.27% en la desigualdad. AbstractTo quantify the effect of the main government transfers on inequality and poverty in a rural community, we calculated the coefficient of Gini and indicators of Foster, Greer and Thorbecke by income source using welfare lines and minimum welfare. The results show that income from transfers meant 22.6% of total household income, a Gini coefficient of 0.363, the incidence on the minimum wellbeing and welfare of 54.7 and 87.2%, respectively. The lack of transfers causes that the Gini coefficient, the incidence on minimum wellbeing line and the percentage of households living under the welfare line rise to 0.439, 65.5% and 91.5%, respectively. An increase of 10% in transfers allows a decrease of -1.27% in the inequality.

Care refers to a set of jobs directly related to physical and emotional wellbeing of dependent individuals. In this context, it is important to analyze the demand for care services derived from demographic and social changes registered in the population, as much in industrialized as in developing countries. There are aspects of gender to highlight in ageing, due to the greater longevity of women, the probability that they will grow old alone, the traditional role of women as caregivers, and their greater propensity, in advanced age, to suffer neurological illnesses or other incapacitating conditions which demand long-term care services. (Nueva Soc/GIGA)

The European Union is undergoing a profound economic crisis that has resulted in negative growth rates and high unemployment, which have led to a severe adjustment and austerity measures that reduce the quality of life of millions of people in the continent. The main objective of this research report is to provide an explanation of the European crisis and its effects on wellbeing. It also outlines the relation between the financial crisis and the real sector, highlighting some of the transmission mechanisms that eventually affect economic growth rates. The last part contains the most important fragments of the different theories of the European Union, as well as the fundamental elements that attended its creation and also highlights critical points that affect the Union, due to circumstances arising from the crisis. ; La Unión Europea está viviendo una profunda crisis económica que se ha materializado en las tasas negativas de crecimiento y en el alto desempleo, factores que han dado lugar a un ajuste severo y a medidas de austeridad, que reducen la calidad de vida de millones de personas en el continente. El principal objetivo de este informe de investigación, es aportar una explicación a la crisis europea y a los efectos que tiene sobre el bienestar de sus habitantes. Igualmente señala la relación entre la crisis financiera y el sector real, destacando algunos de los mecanismos de transmisión que terminan por afectar las tasas de crecimiento económico. La última parte recoge los fragmentos más importantes de las diferentes teorías respecto a la Unión Europea, así como los elementos fundamentales que asistieron a su creación y también pone de relieve puntos críticos que afectan a la Unión Europea, debido a las situaciones derivadas de la crisis. ; A União Europeia está passando por uma crise econômica profunda, que resultou em taxas de crescimento negativas e elevado desemprego, em consequência, levou a um severo ajuste e medidas de austeridade, que reduzem a qualidade de vida de milhões de pessoas no continente. O principal objetivo deste relatório de pesquisa é fornecer uma explicação da crise europeia, seus efeitos sobre o bem-estar social. Também mostra a relação entre a crise financeira e o setor real, destacando alguns dos mecanismos de transmissão que eventualmente afetam as taxas de crescimento econômico. A última parte contém os fragmentos mais importantes das diferentes teorias da União Europeia, bem como os elementos fundamentais que participaram da sua criação e também destaca os pontos críticos que atravessa a União devido às circunstâncias decorrentes da crise.

The European Union is undergoing a profound economic crisis that has resulted in negative growth rates and high unemployment, which have led to a severe adjustment and austerity measures that reduce the quality of life of millions of people in the continent. The main objective of this research report is to provide an explanation of the European crisis and its effects on wellbeing. It also outlines the relation between the financial crisis and the real sector, highlighting some of the transmission mechanisms that eventually affect economic growth rates. The last part contains the most important fragments of the different theories of the European Union, as well as the fundamental elements that attended its creation and also highlights critical points that affect the Union, due to circumstances arising from the crisis. ; La Unión Europea está viviendo una profunda crisis económica que se ha materializado en las tasas negativas de crecimiento y en el alto desempleo, factores que han dado lugar a un ajuste severo y a medidas de austeridad, que reducen la calidad de vida de millones de personas en el continente. El principal objetivo de este informe de investigación, es aportar una explicación a la crisis europea y a los efectos que tiene sobre el bienestar de sus habitantes. Igualmente señala la relación entre la crisis financiera y el sector real, destacando algunos de los mecanismos de transmisión que terminan por afectar las tasas de crecimiento económico. La última parte recoge los fragmentos más importantes de las diferentes teorías respecto a la Unión Europea, así como los elementos fundamentales que asistieron a su creación y también pone de relieve puntos críticos que afectan a la Unión Europea, debido a las situaciones derivadas de la crisis. ; A União Europeia está passando por uma crise econômica profunda, que resultou em taxas de crescimento negativas e elevado desemprego, em consequência, levou a um severo ajuste e medidas de austeridade, que reduzem a qualidade de vida de milhões de pessoas no continente. O principal objetivo deste relatório de pesquisa é fornecer uma explicação da crise europeia, seus efeitos sobre o bem-estar social. Também mostra a relação entre a crise financeira e o setor real, destacando alguns dos mecanismos de transmissão que eventualmente afetam as taxas de crescimento econômico. A última parte contém os fragmentos mais importantes das diferentes teorias da União Europeia, bem como os elementos fundamentais que participaram da sua criação e também destaca os pontos críticos que atravessa a União devido às circunstâncias decorrentes da crise.