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The Hippocratic Collection presents this remarkable feature that technical medical texts are strewn with ethical precepts with no apparent link between the two registers. The essay that I am submitting attempts to support the following hypothesis: if the Hippocratic doctors did not distinguish, in their writings, ethics and technique, it is because these ethical precepts are derived from medicine in the same way as the techniques of care .Hence the general question of my work: What is Hippocratic medicine, as long as it produces not only healing techniques, but also ethics? What is this ethics, insofar as it is produced by medical thought?The essay is primarily devoted to the first of these two questions. He tries to show that Hippocratic medicine is not a simple technique which would have recourse to philosophy, morals, religion or politics with regard to the relative problems, upstream, to its epistemological foundations or those relating, downstream, to the regulation of its applications.Indeed, unlike techniques, Hippocratic medicine cannot produce a defined object. Medical concepts apply in all fields. The only possible definition of Hippocratic medicine concerns its end: human health. Hippocratic physicians have developed a thought which enables them to attempt to give human life the greatest amplitude and the longest duration. Medicine as a whole is an ethic of health. This attitude which I call the medical resolution is opposed, in my opinion, to the philosophical approach which arose around the same time. Indeed, only medicine is the human assumption of the value promoted by life itself, namely health. Philosophy, for its part, seeks to justify life by enclosing it in a network of logos which exceeds it on all sides.All medical thought is directed towards this end: to give life its widest range. Now, if it is true that we do not treat man, but the individual, medicine has had to develop a method targeting the singular. Plato testifies, in the Phaedrus, of this method. It is a matter of relating the part ...

The Hippocratic Collection presents this remarkable feature that technical medical texts are strewn with ethical precepts with no apparent link between the two registers. The essay that I am submitting attempts to support the following hypothesis: if the Hippocratic doctors did not distinguish, in their writings, ethics and technique, it is because these ethical precepts are derived from medicine in the same way as the techniques of care .Hence the general question of my work: What is Hippocratic medicine, as long as it produces not only healing techniques, but also ethics? What is this ethics, insofar as it is produced by medical thought?The essay is primarily devoted to the first of these two questions. He tries to show that Hippocratic medicine is not a simple technique which would have recourse to philosophy, morals, religion or politics with regard to the relative problems, upstream, to its epistemological foundations or those relating, downstream, to the regulation of its applications.Indeed, unlike techniques, Hippocratic medicine cannot produce a defined object. Medical concepts apply in all fields. The only possible definition of Hippocratic medicine concerns its end: human health. Hippocratic physicians have developed a thought which enables them to attempt to give human life the greatest amplitude and the longest duration. Medicine as a whole is an ethic of health. This attitude which I call the medical resolution is opposed, in my opinion, to the philosophical approach which arose around the same time. Indeed, only medicine is the human assumption of the value promoted by life itself, namely health. Philosophy, for its part, seeks to justify life by enclosing it in a network of logos which exceeds it on all sides.All medical thought is directed towards this end: to give life its widest range. Now, if it is true that we do not treat man, but the individual, medicine has had to develop a method targeting the singular. Plato testifies, in the Phaedrus, of this method. It is a matter of relating the part ...

Cette contribution à l'analyse sociologique du travail des équipes de direction pénitentiaire éclaire le fondement de leur activité : la gestion de la détention. Celle-ci s'exerce dans des organisations marquées par une forte « régulation autonome » aux mains des surveillants mais aussi, depuis une quinzaine d'années, par un renforcement de la « régulation de contrôle » politico-administrative (Reynaud, 1988). Celle-ci est d'autant plus affirmée que ces équipes évoluent dans un contexte de travail caractérisé par un phénomène endémique de surpopulation pénitentiaire et par la densification des relations d'interdépendance entre les prisons et leur environnement. Malgré les contraintes qu'impliquent ces recompositions, les membres de ces équipes manifestent certaines capacités d'action au travers de deux types de pratiques délibératives leur permettant d'orienter – marginalement et éthiquement – les organisations et les politiques pénitentiaires. L'une, prudente (Champy, 2012), consiste à articuler subtilement contraintes et opportunités par un contournement des règles dans des situations incertaines ; l'autre, rusée (Lécu, 2013), consiste à s'appuyer sur des partenaires externes pour dénoncer l'hypocrisie de certains discours politiques. ; This paper aims at analysing the work of prison management teams. Working in organizations that are mainly "auto-regulated" by prison guards, governors' teams have to cope, for the last fifteen years, with a heightened control exercised by the central administration. This "regulation of control" (Reynaud, 1988) is inter alia justified by the endemic phenomenon of overcrowding and the increasing interdependency between prisons and their environment. Despite the constraints implied by these shifts, prison governors preserve some autonomy through two types of deliberative practice allowing them to influence - marginally and ethically – prison organizations and policies. The first one, called practical wisdom or prudence (Champy, 2012), lies in the subtle bypass of the rules in uncertain situations; the second one, called cunning, or ruse (Lécu, 2013), consists in denouncing the hypocrisy of some political discourses with the help of some external partners. ; Peer reviewed

We present in this thesis the results of a qualitative study based on two programs (Hopital Manager and CURSUS 3),located at the clinic La Sagesse of Rennes; this study aims to emphasize the communicative challenges posed by thesetools in clinical practice.Those tools are now considered as devices for modernization, rationalization, change of practices, and interactions between the patient, the doctor and caregivers. Thus, our goal is to show that in addition to technical issues, managerial, political and economic factors that are identified by many researchers, they are also challenges in terms of communication.The questions we will raise, from the point of view of research in Information Sciences and Communication, deal with rationalization process, and will be part of an issue related to organizational change, information traffic or standardization practices. Considering these concerns, technology deduces any reasoning from one premise, the one of performativity in organizations. What we choose to select in Orlikowski's work has to do with the fact that what matters, in order to evaluate the effectiveness and performance of technology, is not technological artifact, but technologies in practice (Orlikowski, 2000). Thus, our goal is to show that the integrative medical discourse is a performative utterance based on communication patterns ; Nous présenterons dans le cadre de cette thèse les résultats d'une étude qualitative basée sur deux logiciels (HôpitalManager et CURSUS 3), implantés à la clinique La Sagesse de Rennes ; étude qui a pour objectif, de souligner les enjeuxcommunicationnels que pose ces outils dans les pratiques cliniques. Ces outils sont considérés aujourd'hui comme des dispositifs de modernisation, de rationalisation, de changementdes pratiques, et des interactions entre le patient, le médecin et les dispensateurs de soins. Ainsi, notre objectif est donc demontrer qu'en plus des enjeux techniques, managériaux, politiques et économiques qui sont identifiés par de nombreuxchercheurs, il existe des défis en termes de communication.Les interrogations que nous soulèverons du point de vue de la recherche en Science de l'Information et de la Communication, autour de ces processus de rationalisation, s'inscriront dans une problématique de changementorganisationnel, de circulation d'information ou encore de normalisation des pratiques professionnelles. Dans cespréoccupations, la technologie déduit tout son raisonnement à partir d'une seule prémisse, celle de la performativité dans les organisations. Ce que nous retenons des travaux d'Orlikowski, réside dans le fait que ce qui compte pour évaluer l'efficacité et la performance d'une technologie n'est pas l'artefact technologique, mais c'est la technologie en pratique(Orlikowski, 2000). Ainsi, notre objectif est de montrer que le discours médico-intégratif, est un énoncé performatif quirepose sur des modalités de communication

We present in this thesis the results of a qualitative study based on two programs (Hopital Manager and CURSUS 3),located at the clinic La Sagesse of Rennes; this study aims to emphasize the communicative challenges posed by thesetools in clinical practice.Those tools are now considered as devices for modernization, rationalization, change of practices, and interactions between the patient, the doctor and caregivers. Thus, our goal is to show that in addition to technical issues, managerial, political and economic factors that are identified by many researchers, they are also challenges in terms of communication.The questions we will raise, from the point of view of research in Information Sciences and Communication, deal with rationalization process, and will be part of an issue related to organizational change, information traffic or standardization practices. Considering these concerns, technology deduces any reasoning from one premise, the one of performativity in organizations. What we choose to select in Orlikowski's work has to do with the fact that what matters, in order to evaluate the effectiveness and performance of technology, is not technological artifact, but technologies in practice (Orlikowski, 2000). Thus, our goal is to show that the integrative medical discourse is a performative utterance based on communication patterns ; Nous présenterons dans le cadre de cette thèse les résultats d'une étude qualitative basée sur deux logiciels (HôpitalManager et CURSUS 3), implantés à la clinique La Sagesse de Rennes ; étude qui a pour objectif, de souligner les enjeuxcommunicationnels que pose ces outils dans les pratiques cliniques. Ces outils sont considérés aujourd'hui comme des dispositifs de modernisation, de rationalisation, de changementdes pratiques, et des interactions entre le patient, le médecin et les dispensateurs de soins. Ainsi, notre objectif est donc demontrer qu'en plus des enjeux techniques, managériaux, politiques et économiques qui sont identifiés par de nombreuxchercheurs, il existe ...

Titus Pomponius Atticus was one of the most controversial characters during the last century of the Roman Republic. His name went down in History thanks to his lifelong amicitia, his friendship, with famous roman orator: Cicero. Friend with the highest dignitaries of his time, regardless of their political affiliations, he succeeded in constituting a network of friendly relations which allowed him to preserve his "tranquility", in a time marked by many ruthless civil wars. Practicing a moderate form of Epicureanism, this Roman man devoted himself to the pleasures of Otium while attempting to make a symbiosis between the duties of his "condition," and the "demands" of his morality. As a aristocratic financier, an informant, a political adviser, a bookseller and a publisher, this man, like a chameleon, possessed many talents which attracted the favor and esteem of « all » of his contemporaries. In a political context as troubled and dangerous as the First century of the Republic, threatened many times, Atticus managed to come out of each of these wars with an increase stature. Indeed, during that time, while his closest relatives were struck by misfortune with each regime change, Atticus' position and fortune grew stronger and bigger. As a true example of sociability, he enjoyed a real political power through his friendships. Where some insisted on changing only the present, Atticus showed great ability and ingenuity. Like a visionary ahead of this time, he chose to observe, analyze, foresee the future, and to lead a « political action » capable of dealing with the revolution that will give birth to the Roman Empire. Although a privileged actor and witness of the roman fate, he displayed a fierce desire to remain behind the scenes. He was aware of the realities of his time and was eager to « remain free ». He was also determined to "live" and "survive" according to his desires, at a time when this seemed impossible. This « man of the shadows », who until now still remains a mystery for most of us, appears like the ...