Suchergebnisse

As the states developed and abandoned the established patriarchal attitude, particularly much attention was being paid to the establishment of equal opportunities for men and women, especially in legal relationships of labour. Gradually, more women got involved in the labor market on equal rights with the working men; in the meantime direct (not just financial provision) tending for a family has become important and 'not shameful' for men, too; however one of them has to devote more time and attention to family. Generally, these are young and employable people who have family commitments and who are particularly needed in a contemporary labour market. Each legal state, therefore, has entrenched an equal rights guarantee as well as created a favorable legal base enabling the combining of labour and family commitments; the so-called positive discrimination is being implemented in order to promote and activate the labour market and simultaneously protect the family as a value. The circle of interests of an employee who has commitments towards family members is associated with his/her duties to the family, which are, in certain cases, difficult to combine with one's duties at work. When performing the work-related duties, there is not much time left for family and legal basis is, therefore, required as well as an organizational mechanism that would enable the employee to suitably combine his/her job-related and family obligations. Recently, Europe and Lithuania have been paying particularly much attention to the legal base and its implementing mechanism oriented towards family needs and enabling amiable combination of family obligations with professional activities. The master's thesis reveals the conception of an employee having familial obligations and peculiarities of his/her legal status; it also analyzes the legal base of Lithuania intended for the compatibility of professional activities and interests of family members while assessing its compliance with the legal acts of the European Union. Possibilities for fulfilling one's family obligations without retreating from the labour market, provided for by the laws, are reviewed. Opportunities to promote the employment of such individuals, guarantees, concessions in employment conditions and employment flexibility opportunities provided to employees who take care of socially more vulnerable family members as well as restrictions imposed on employers and oriented to the protection of family as a value are analyzed while evaluating the theoretical and practical possibilities to enforce such special rights in Lithuania through the mechanisms provided for in the state.

As the states developed and abandoned the established patriarchal attitude, particularly much attention was being paid to the establishment of equal opportunities for men and women, especially in legal relationships of labour. Gradually, more women got involved in the labor market on equal rights with the working men; in the meantime direct (not just financial provision) tending for a family has become important and 'not shameful' for men, too; however one of them has to devote more time and attention to family. Generally, these are young and employable people who have family commitments and who are particularly needed in a contemporary labour market. Each legal state, therefore, has entrenched an equal rights guarantee as well as created a favorable legal base enabling the combining of labour and family commitments; the so-called positive discrimination is being implemented in order to promote and activate the labour market and simultaneously protect the family as a value. The circle of interests of an employee who has commitments towards family members is associated with his/her duties to the family, which are, in certain cases, difficult to combine with one's duties at work. When performing the work-related duties, there is not much time left for family and legal basis is, therefore, required as well as an organizational mechanism that would enable the employee to suitably combine his/her job-related and family obligations. Recently, Europe and Lithuania have been paying particularly much attention to the legal base and its implementing mechanism oriented towards family needs and enabling amiable combination of family obligations with professional activities. The master's thesis reveals the conception of an employee having familial obligations and peculiarities of his/her legal status; it also analyzes the legal base of Lithuania intended for the compatibility of professional activities and interests of family members while assessing its compliance with the legal acts of the European Union. Possibilities for fulfilling one's family obligations without retreating from the labour market, provided for by the laws, are reviewed. Opportunities to promote the employment of such individuals, guarantees, concessions in employment conditions and employment flexibility opportunities provided to employees who take care of socially more vulnerable family members as well as restrictions imposed on employers and oriented to the protection of family as a value are analyzed while evaluating the theoretical and practical possibilities to enforce such special rights in Lithuania through the mechanisms provided for in the state.

Due to the lack of complex research on people with epilepsy and emphasis on physical (body) functioning, the QOL in people with epilepsy is perceived unambiguously and poor knowledge of their QOL factors is noticed. Based on Amartya Sen's capability approach, the dissertation carry out a complex research on the QOL in people with epilepsy and its factors. The research in the dissertation reveal that people with epilepsy worst function in the social, cultural, political participation, health, employment, mobility, social relations, self-esteem and independence domains. The research revealed the disagreement of functioning and capabilities of people with epilepsy, especially of mobility, participation and employment domains. Major part of the people do not operate due to the fear of seizures and lack of willingness. The results of the research show that personal conversion factors have a great influence on QOL in people with epilepsy, especially their age, education and factors of the disease. When the disease symptoms are more obvious, the QOL in people with epilepsy is more influenced by the disease factors. When the disease symptoms are milder – the greater become personal conversion factors. The impact of stigma for QOL in people with epilepsy remains even if the epileptic symptoms are not so visible. The assessment of the domain of agency used in the research revealed that people with epilepsy lack their personal perception they do not perceive themselves as the main agents in their lives.

Due to the lack of complex research on people with epilepsy and emphasis on physical (body) functioning, the QOL in people with epilepsy is perceived unambiguously and poor knowledge of their QOL factors is noticed. Based on Amartya Sen's capability approach, the dissertation carry out a complex research on the QOL in people with epilepsy and its factors. The research in the dissertation reveal that people with epilepsy worst function in the social, cultural, political participation, health, employment, mobility, social relations, self-esteem and independence domains. The research revealed the disagreement of functioning and capabilities of people with epilepsy, especially of mobility, participation and employment domains. Major part of the people do not operate due to the fear of seizures and lack of willingness. The results of the research show that personal conversion factors have a great influence on QOL in people with epilepsy, especially their age, education and factors of the disease. When the disease symptoms are more obvious, the QOL in people with epilepsy is more influenced by the disease factors. When the disease symptoms are milder – the greater become personal conversion factors. The impact of stigma for QOL in people with epilepsy remains even if the epileptic symptoms are not so visible. The assessment of the domain of agency used in the research revealed that people with epilepsy lack their personal perception they do not perceive themselves as the main agents in their lives.

Due to the lack of complex research on people with epilepsy and emphasis on physical (body) functioning, the QOL in people with epilepsy is perceived unambiguously and poor knowledge of their QOL factors is noticed. Based on Amartya Sen's capability approach, the dissertation carry out a complex research on the QOL in people with epilepsy and its factors. The research in the dissertation reveal that people with epilepsy worst function in the social, cultural, political participation, health, employment, mobility, social relations, self-esteem and independence domains. The research revealed the disagreement of functioning and capabilities of people with epilepsy, especially of mobility, participation and employment domains. Major part of the people do not operate due to the fear of seizures and lack of willingness. The results of the research show that personal conversion factors have a great influence on QOL in people with epilepsy, especially their age, education and factors of the disease. When the disease symptoms are more obvious, the QOL in people with epilepsy is more influenced by the disease factors. When the disease symptoms are milder – the greater become personal conversion factors. The impact of stigma for QOL in people with epilepsy remains even if the epileptic symptoms are not so visible. The assessment of the domain of agency used in the research revealed that people with epilepsy lack their personal perception they do not perceive themselves as the main agents in their lives.

Due to the lack of complex research on people with epilepsy and emphasis on physical (body) functioning, the QOL in people with epilepsy is perceived unambiguously and poor knowledge of their QOL factors is noticed. Based on Amartya Sen's capability approach, the dissertation carry out a complex research on the QOL in people with epilepsy and its factors. The research in the dissertation reveal that people with epilepsy worst function in the social, cultural, political participation, health, employment, mobility, social relations, self-esteem and independence domains. The research revealed the disagreement of functioning and capabilities of people with epilepsy, especially of mobility, participation and employment domains. Major part of the people do not operate due to the fear of seizures and lack of willingness. The results of the research show that personal conversion factors have a great influence on QOL in people with epilepsy, especially their age, education and factors of the disease. When the disease symptoms are more obvious, the QOL in people with epilepsy is more influenced by the disease factors. When the disease symptoms are milder – the greater become personal conversion factors. The impact of stigma for QOL in people with epilepsy remains even if the epileptic symptoms are not so visible. The assessment of the domain of agency used in the research revealed that people with epilepsy lack their personal perception they do not perceive themselves as the main agents in their lives.

Due to the lack of complex research on people with epilepsy and emphasis on physical (body) functioning, the QOL in people with epilepsy is perceived unambiguously and poor knowledge of their QOL factors is noticed. Based on Amartya Sen's capability approach, the dissertation carry out a complex research on the QOL in people with epilepsy and its factors. The research in the dissertation reveal that people with epilepsy worst function in the social, cultural, political participation, health, employment, mobility, social relations, self-esteem and independence domains. The research revealed the disagreement of functioning and capabilities of people with epilepsy, especially of mobility, participation and employment domains. Major part of the people do not operate due to the fear of seizures and lack of willingness. The results of the research show that personal conversion factors have a great influence on QOL in people with epilepsy, especially their age, education and factors of the disease. When the disease symptoms are more obvious, the QOL in people with epilepsy is more influenced by the disease factors. When the disease symptoms are milder – the greater become personal conversion factors. The impact of stigma for QOL in people with epilepsy remains even if the epileptic symptoms are not so visible. The assessment of the domain of agency used in the research revealed that people with epilepsy lack their personal perception they do not perceive themselves as the main agents in their lives.

Due to the lack of complex research on people with epilepsy and emphasis on physical (body) functioning, the QOL in people with epilepsy is perceived unambiguously and poor knowledge of their QOL factors is noticed. Based on Amartya Sen's capability approach, the dissertation carry out a complex research on the QOL in people with epilepsy and its factors. The research in the dissertation reveal that people with epilepsy worst function in the social, cultural, political participation, health, employment, mobility, social relations, self-esteem and independence domains. The research revealed the disagreement of functioning and capabilities of people with epilepsy, especially of mobility, participation and employment domains. Major part of the people do not operate due to the fear of seizures and lack of willingness. The results of the research show that personal conversion factors have a great influence on QOL in people with epilepsy, especially their age, education and factors of the disease. When the disease symptoms are more obvious, the QOL in people with epilepsy is more influenced by the disease factors. When the disease symptoms are milder – the greater become personal conversion factors. The impact of stigma for QOL in people with epilepsy remains even if the epileptic symptoms are not so visible. The assessment of the domain of agency used in the research revealed that people with epilepsy lack their personal perception they do not perceive themselves as the main agents in their lives.

Due to the lack of complex research on people with epilepsy and emphasis on physical (body) functioning, the QOL in people with epilepsy is perceived unambiguously and poor knowledge of their QOL factors is noticed. Based on Amartya Sen's capability approach, the dissertation carry out a complex research on the QOL in people with epilepsy and its factors. The research in the dissertation reveal that people with epilepsy worst function in the social, cultural, political participation, health, employment, mobility, social relations, self-esteem and independence domains. The research revealed the disagreement of functioning and capabilities of people with epilepsy, especially of mobility, participation and employment domains. Major part of the people do not operate due to the fear of seizures and lack of willingness. The results of the research show that personal conversion factors have a great influence on QOL in people with epilepsy, especially their age, education and factors of the disease. When the disease symptoms are more obvious, the QOL in people with epilepsy is more influenced by the disease factors. When the disease symptoms are milder – the greater become personal conversion factors. The impact of stigma for QOL in people with epilepsy remains even if the epileptic symptoms are not so visible. The assessment of the domain of agency used in the research revealed that people with epilepsy lack their personal perception they do not perceive themselves as the main agents in their lives.

Due to the lack of complex research on people with epilepsy and emphasis on physical (body) functioning, the QOL in people with epilepsy is perceived unambiguously and poor knowledge of their QOL factors is noticed. Based on Amartya Sen's capability approach, the dissertation carry out a complex research on the QOL in people with epilepsy and its factors. The research in the dissertation reveal that people with epilepsy worst function in the social, cultural, political participation, health, employment, mobility, social relations, self-esteem and independence domains. The research revealed the disagreement of functioning and capabilities of people with epilepsy, especially of mobility, participation and employment domains. Major part of the people do not operate due to the fear of seizures and lack of willingness. The results of the research show that personal conversion factors have a great influence on QOL in people with epilepsy, especially their age, education and factors of the disease. When the disease symptoms are more obvious, the QOL in people with epilepsy is more influenced by the disease factors. When the disease symptoms are milder – the greater become personal conversion factors. The impact of stigma for QOL in people with epilepsy remains even if the epileptic symptoms are not so visible. The assessment of the domain of agency used in the research revealed that people with epilepsy lack their personal perception they do not perceive themselves as the main agents in their lives.

The article analyses the attitudes of modern libertarianism (F. Hayek, R. Nozick, J. Narveson) and its predecessors (J. Locke, A. Smith) to the problem of social justice. The Market symbolizes basic premises of libertarianism: a) productivity of commerce self-interest, b) an organic identity between private property and freedom, c) conceptual individualism. Conclusion, based on those premises, is that simple, commutative (making correction) justice only demands to undo any damage to other members of human society. Following these conditions enables peaceful collaboration among people. Meanwhile, the principle of social justice demands to divide material wealth among the society members according to the criteria of their moral merits or economic rights. The libertarians argue that it is impossible in the free society due to the following: 1) people attach different significance to different merits, 2) the connection between values of payments and merits is accidental, 3) the universal scale of merits, for instance, in accordance with work, could be applied at the expense of human rights. The tribal origin of social justice is found by the libertarians. They claim that hunting for social justice in welfare states (also in Lithuania) has laid foundations for "workers' ideology"– populism. As a result of populist politics, the states suffer from corruption, wasting of the budget resources and demagogic rhetoric. The libertarians do not claim having a universal key to solve all. [to full text]

The article analyses the attitudes of modern libertarianism (F. Hayek, R. Nozick, J. Narveson) and its predecessors (J. Locke, A. Smith) to the problem of social justice. The Market symbolizes basic premises of libertarianism: a) productivity of commerce self-interest, b) an organic identity between private property and freedom, c) conceptual individualism. Conclusion, based on those premises, is that simple, commutative (making correction) justice only demands to undo any damage to other members of human society. Following these conditions enables peaceful collaboration among people. Meanwhile, the principle of social justice demands to divide material wealth among the society members according to the criteria of their moral merits or economic rights. The libertarians argue that it is impossible in the free society due to the following: 1) people attach different significance to different merits, 2) the connection between values of payments and merits is accidental, 3) the universal scale of merits, for instance, in accordance with work, could be applied at the expense of human rights. The tribal origin of social justice is found by the libertarians. They claim that hunting for social justice in welfare states (also in Lithuania) has laid foundations for "workers' ideology"– populism. As a result of populist politics, the states suffer from corruption, wasting of the budget resources and demagogic rhetoric. The libertarians do not claim having a universal key to solve all. [to full text]

After shutting down the Ignalina atomic power plant, Lithuania have received a huge blow to it's national energetic safety. Not only pressure from The European Union, but risen electricity and natural gas import dependency has forced Lithuania to search for a quick solution. Intuitive way to solve both of the problems was combined heat and power promotion and development. Lithuania was very quick to master the sophisticated biofuel burning technologies. At the beginning biofuel was used for water heating and steam supply to various technological processes. Not long after, international experience using biofuel for cogeneration has rooted down in Lithuania too. Nowadays these plants energy production prime cost is particularly cheap. To hop into the market it is necessary to find effectiveness increasing capabilities. In this study two different ways of heat pump integration into a regular biofuel CHP are examined. First one is based on full waste heat energy transformation of water steam cycle, second – additional flue gas cooling after the economizer and greater latent heat recovery. Detailed termodinamic and economic calculations have shown that because of very high compressor power and it's electricity consumption the first version heat pump actually lessens annual profit. A lot less heat quantity is in the flue gas after the economizer. Heat pump designed to cool them down and gather condensing water vapour heat is many times less powerful. This is because of high coefficient of performance (COP=9.899), which is only possible when having low temperature difference between low grade heat pool and heat pump condensator condensing temperature. This kind of heat pump does not require high investment costs and increases annual profit by 264 thousand € or 13,5 %.

After shutting down the Ignalina atomic power plant, Lithuania have received a huge blow to it's national energetic safety. Not only pressure from The European Union, but risen electricity and natural gas import dependency has forced Lithuania to search for a quick solution. Intuitive way to solve both of the problems was combined heat and power promotion and development. Lithuania was very quick to master the sophisticated biofuel burning technologies. At the beginning biofuel was used for water heating and steam supply to various technological processes. Not long after, international experience using biofuel for cogeneration has rooted down in Lithuania too. Nowadays these plants energy production prime cost is particularly cheap. To hop into the market it is necessary to find effectiveness increasing capabilities. In this study two different ways of heat pump integration into a regular biofuel CHP are examined. First one is based on full waste heat energy transformation of water steam cycle, second – additional flue gas cooling after the economizer and greater latent heat recovery. Detailed termodinamic and economic calculations have shown that because of very high compressor power and it's electricity consumption the first version heat pump actually lessens annual profit. A lot less heat quantity is in the flue gas after the economizer. Heat pump designed to cool them down and gather condensing water vapour heat is many times less powerful. This is because of high coefficient of performance (COP=9.899), which is only possible when having low temperature difference between low grade heat pool and heat pump condensator condensing temperature. This kind of heat pump does not require high investment costs and increases annual profit by 264 thousand € or 13,5 %.

After shutting down the Ignalina atomic power plant, Lithuania have received a huge blow to it's national energetic safety. Not only pressure from The European Union, but risen electricity and natural gas import dependency has forced Lithuania to search for a quick solution. Intuitive way to solve both of the problems was combined heat and power promotion and development. Lithuania was very quick to master the sophisticated biofuel burning technologies. At the beginning biofuel was used for water heating and steam supply to various technological processes. Not long after, international experience using biofuel for cogeneration has rooted down in Lithuania too. Nowadays these plants energy production prime cost is particularly cheap. To hop into the market it is necessary to find effectiveness increasing capabilities. In this study two different ways of heat pump integration into a regular biofuel CHP are examined. First one is based on full waste heat energy transformation of water steam cycle, second – additional flue gas cooling after the economizer and greater latent heat recovery. Detailed termodinamic and economic calculations have shown that because of very high compressor power and it's electricity consumption the first version heat pump actually lessens annual profit. A lot less heat quantity is in the flue gas after the economizer. Heat pump designed to cool them down and gather condensing water vapour heat is many times less powerful. This is because of high coefficient of performance (COP=9.899), which is only possible when having low temperature difference between low grade heat pool and heat pump condensator condensing temperature. This kind of heat pump does not require high investment costs and increases annual profit by 264 thousand € or 13,5 %.