Suchergebnisse

"The Palgrave Handbook of National Parliaments and the European Union offers a comprehensive picture of the European activities of national parliaments in all the 28 member states of the EU. In the aftermath of the Lisbon Treaty, it questions whether national legislatures do matter in European governance. With contributions from both academics and practitioners, this volume integrates the latest constitutional and legal developments as well as the consequences of the economic crisis in every country in the EU. Special emphasis is also placed on the actual parliamentary practices relating to European affairs. In addition, the volume includes some cross-sectional entries on key issues such as parliamentary administration and inter-parliamentary cooperation. By covering a large number of aspects and cases, this collection provides a unique source for assessing the degree of actual parliamentary and democratic control of the European governance at the domestic level"--

The 2010s multiple crises brought to the surface of European politics a division on the very rationale of the integration project. The latter has been challenged by nationalistic parties and governments under the banner of sovereignism. In fact, the dramatic consequences of secession (from the EU) even for a country such as the United Kingdom have led to an interpretation of nationalism as sovereignism within the EU rather than secession from the EU. To weaken the sovereignist challenge, it is necessary to free the EU from the tyranny of 'one size fits all', acknowledging the difference between the countries that need or want to move towards an 'evercloser union' and those which wish to participate only in a single market. This acknowledgement should lead to negotiations, between national and community leaders, for institutionalizing, within the single market, a distinct federal union (around the Eurozone member states), governing traditional core state power policies through a separation of power system. This would amount to a necessary differentiation for undermining the sovereignist challenge. The single market and the federal union should have different legal settings, although the member states of the latter would participate in the functioning of the former, according to rules that would prevent them acting en bloc. Decoupling is a condition for bringing federalism back again to the European integration project, although the federal model which should serve this purpose needs to be based on the experience of federations formed by aggregation and not disaggregation. ; peer-reviewed

This first edition of an entirely new publication will, for the first time, provide comprehensive information on what is one of the worlds largest military force groupings. The European Unions 25 member states have defense forces that include over 1.6 million personnel and inventories that include over 35,000 armored vehicles, 2,000 combat aircraft, 60 submarines and over 140 major surface vessels.Chapters will include important facts and figures related to European defense, detail concerning the European Union Military Committee and the European Defense Agency. Also included will be information about European Union military roles, the Eurocorps and European Union Battlegroups. In addition, there will be detail regarding the force structure of the 25 member states and characteristics of the major land, sea and air equipment

LL.M.(Melit.) ; Presidents of different nations used the war rhetoric when addressing their nations in justifying the implementation of drastic actions to halt the contagion of the Coronavirus. One of the main areas which is continuously being discussed on the media around the world, is that Covid-19 has led to suppression of certain liberties. Suppression of liberties raised riots and protests, as fundamental human rights were being limited. An in-depth examination will take place on whether the fundamental human rights of European citizens are being suppressed. This study shall involve a comparative examination on how Member States have reacted to the human rights conflicts arising within their nation. From such comparative approach, one would be able to evaluate the outcome of whether fundamental rights safeguarded within the European Union are being restrained. This analysis shall not only be tackling various aspects of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union, but it will also delve in other areas, for instance, it shall be tackling issues related to the fundamental freedoms. Moreover, since the European Union considers public health as one of the exceptions to the rule in relation to human rights, this dissertation will examine whether suppression of fundamental rights is inevitable in such circumstances. Keeping in mind that sometimes suppression of human rights might be unavoidable, the concepts of limitation and derogation in relation to the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union shall be discussed. Although the pandemic is still evolving at the time of writing, this comparative analysis will shed light on whether Member States are complying with the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union and whether such rights are being suppressed by the decisions taken by the statemen in such unprecedented circumstances. Moreover, this chapter will further discuss pit falls that Member States should avoid in truly safeguarding the fundamental rights of the European citizens. By way of conclusion, a chapter will be dedicated on the way forward and whether the current approach needs changing. ; N/A

Acknowledgement: The University of Malta would like to acknowledge its gratitude to the European Commission. Eurostat for their permission to upload this work on OAR@UoM. Further reuse of this document can be made, provided the source is acknowledged. This work was made available with the help of the Publications Office of the European Union, Copyright and Legal Issues Section. ; This working paper is one of a series which describes the contents, updating and documentation of the Eurostat database on international migration. The data described here are available on request from Eurostat, (see part 9 for further details about how and from where to request these data together with any or all of the relevant Eurostat publications). The series of working papers has been produced to help users and providers of the revised database as it becomes available in it's entirety on New Cronos, the on-line user interface to the database. Each individual paper describes the contents of one part of the database. This one provides an overview and detailed description of the available data for the Central and Eastern European countries. The text is the documentation provided by the MRU to accompany the revised and extended dataset on migration. ; N/A

Zsfassung in ungar. Sprache

Introduction -- Understanding treaty conflict -- The pre-Vienna Convention regime -- Drafting the Vienna Convention -- Post-Vienna Convention developments -- The EC and anterior treaties -- The UN Charter and the European Convention -- Posterior treaties: conceptual issues -- Posterior treaties: practice -- Conclusions.

1. Cyprus : from an economic miracle to a systemic collapse and its aftermath / Andreas Theophanous -- 2. The Estonian economy : structure, performance and prospects / Tarmo Kalvet -- 3. Iceland and the challenge of European integration : is European Union membership feasible / Hilmar or Hilmarsson -- 4. Latvia after European Union accession : weathering the storm? / Aleksandrs Cepilovs and Lauma Muizniece -- 5. The Lithuanian economy as a European Union member state : structure, performance and prospects / Algidras Miskinis and Ausyte Rasteniene -- 6. The economy of Luxembour / Serge Allegrazza -- 7. The Macedonian economy and the European Union / Igor Velickovski, Marjan Petreski and Branimir Jovanovic -- 8. The Maltese economy : structure, performance and European Union membership / Lino Briguglio -- 9. Montenegro : a small economy on the road to European Union membership / Milorad Katnic and Tijana Stankovic -- 10. The Slovenian economy : the road to European Union accession, the crisis and beyond / Mojmir Mrak.

PURPOSE: The composite sustainable energy index could prove useful to evaluate both the state of the art and the progress of national energy towards sustainable development. However, different methods and procedures of selection and aggregation of variables can produce different results of index values and the ranking of objects. The objective of the paper is to evaluate different methods of data aggregation. ; DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH: We choose three methods, SAW, TOPSIS and VIKOR in order to obtain the Sustainable Energy Development Aggregated Index (SEDAI) to rank the EU Member States. We apply 47 variables and also test the need to reduce variables due to their collinearity. We apply some measures of the quality of indexes and rankings based on linear correlation of the index with the diagnostic variables, as well as the up ratio based on ranks comparison and our modification of up measure (u'p). ; FINDINGS: We found that it is not possible to clearly indicate the method of selection and aggregation of variables that gives optimal ranking, however SAW method is most often indicated as the best method, according to evaluation measures applied in our research. ; PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: In this situation, one opportunity is to use the most intuitive SAW method, or we recommend using a set of rankings in order to aggregate the results of different methods as it is used in many machine learning methods. ; ORIGINALITY/VALUE: The added value of the article is the indication of the SAW method as the best one, according to most analyzed quality measures for creating indexes and rankings. Additionally, we propose a measure of the quality of rankings and a method of aggregating indexes obtained with the use of various methods. ; This research was funded by National Science Centre Poland, grant number 2018/29/B/HS4/00561, entitled "Sustainable regional energy – measure of implementation and development strategy selection". ; peer-reviewed

The European Union Treaty after Lisbon emphasises the overarching objectives of sustainable development and a highly competitive social market economy, aiming at full employment, high levels of environmental protection and social progress. Yet, in 2022, it is clear that these ambitions have not been fully achieved. The ongoing pandemic, the continuing fall-out from Brexit and the resulting economic damage, a Grexit avoided, and potential other exits from the EU, have come to undermine the political consensus of the idea of a European Union. Amidst these challenges, the debates on how to achieve the UN Sustainable Development Goals have turned towards demanding more sustainable economic policies, financial investments and business actions. The present volume provides a much-needed space for in-depth discussion of the concept of sustainable value creation and how it can be achieved within the ecological limits of our planet, through the prism of an interdisciplinary concept of sustainability

Over the past decade, the EU and China have expanded their relations beyond a focus on economic and trade issues to the sphere of security. Taking a broad definition of security, a multidisciplinary approach, and a comparative perspective (including scholars from both Europe and China), this book provides an in-depth analysis of the extent to which the EU and China not only express similar threat concerns, or make declarations about joint responses, but also adopt concrete measures in the pursuance of security cooperation. In particular, the book seeks to explore a range of key themes in the field of EU-China security cooperation such as nuclear proliferation, international terrorist threats and cyber attacks. Besides providing an overview of the areas where security cooperation exists and where it does not, it also highlights the aspects of convergence and divergence and the reasons for their occurrence.