Suchergebnisse

The most significant case in the field of state constitutional law decided during the past year is that of State ex rel. Miller v. Hinkle, decided by the supreme court of Washington in 1930. This case held that an apportionment act is a "law," and can be popularly initiated under the initiative and referendum provisions of the constitution of the state of Washington. The court granted a petition for a writ of mandamus to compel the secretary of state to accept a petition submitting to popular referendum a proposal to redistrict the state for purposes of representation in the legislature. The legislature had failed for many years to perform its constitutional duty to reapportion the state, and this case illustrates the most conclusive argument in favor of the use of the initiative and referendum for purposes of ordinary legislation, even though the only legislation to which it be applied be that of reapportionment. Many states are faced with a serious problem in connection with over-representation of rural districts in the legislature and under-representation of urban districts. The initiative and referendum seem to offer about the only way out of the difficulty if state legislatures refuse to correct the inequality. The only alternative is that we change our ideas as to the necessity of majority rule in the selection and composition of legislative bodies, a change which the rural districts appear already to have made.

"The NORA National Public Safety Sector Agenda is a strategic framework to ensure progress and track accomplishments through 2016 on priority occupational safety and health issues. The agenda includes sets of goals for four public safety industries, including law enforcement. Law Enforcement Strategic Goals: 1) Evaluate existing information sources that may be enhanced or expanded to conduct occupational safety and health surveillance; 2) Reduce traumatic injuries and fatalities from vehicle collisions by 15%; 3) Reduce injury and death from criminal assaults by 10%; 4) Reduce cardiovascular disease disabilities and fatalities by 15%. This fact sheet provides a synopsis of the Law Enforcement goals established by the NORA Public Safety Sector Council." - NIOSHTIC-2 ; "January 2011" - http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2011-134/ ; At head of title: "Public Safety Sector: Occupational Safety and Health Priorities for the Second Decade of NORA." ; "The National Occupational Research Agenda (NORA) is a partnership program to stimulate innovative research and improve workplace practices. Unveiled in 1996, NORA has become a framework for guiding occupational safety and health research in the nation. Diverse stakeholders collaborate to identify the most critical issues in the workplace, and work together to develop goals, objectives, and an implementation plan for addressing these issues. Law enforcement agencies, professional associations, labor unions, research organizations, and government agencies are encouraged to build partnerships to help reduce the risk of occupational injury and illness among law enforcement personnel." ; Also available via the World Wide Web as an Acrobat .pdf file (702 KB, 2 p.).

The Committee on Cultural Heritage Law of the International Law Association (ILA) held an interim meeting in London on May 17–18, 2007. After completing the work on the Principles for Cooperation in the Mutual Protection and Transfer of Cultural Material on the occasion of the Seventy-Second Conference in Toronto 2006, the committee has now two projects on its agenda. The first one is concerned with a study of the concept of safe havens for temporary deposit of cultural material rescued from circumstances of armed conflict and other serious threats; the second study deals with the relationship between international trade law and cultural heritage law.

Studying constitutional law -- Foundational principles and cases -- Judicial power -- Congressional power : an introduction -- Congressional power : the Commerce Clause -- Congressional power : taxing and spending powers -- Congressional power : necessary and proper power and other powers -- Congressional power : the reconstruction amendments -- Executive power -- Separation of powers -- Federal constitutional limits on state power -- Federalism and state sovereignty : the Tenth and Eleventh Amendments -- Equal protection -- Procedural due process -- Economic rights -- Substantive due process, unenumerated rights, and incorporation -- Freedom of expression -- Freedom of the press -- Freedom of association -- Freedom of religion -- State action