Suchergebnisse

Nous avons l'honneur de porter à votre connaissance, que nous avons décidé la création, à Belgrade, d'une Agence internationale de secours aux blessés et aux prisonniers de la guerre des Balkans.

The strategic balance in the Middle East is one of the most important topics that have captured the attention of researchers and thinkers. That was due to the potential and capabilities that this region possesses and could have a significant impact on international strategic interests and thus on international and regional balances. The Middle East region witnessed many equilibrium formulas, each of which was an expression of the circumstances and variables that prevailed in the region.
Hence the importance of studying the regional and international powers in the Middle East and the most important pressures facing those powers, especially the great powers represented by the United States, the Russian Federation, and China, and their attempts to achieve a strategic balance in the region.
The research sought to deal with the following problem:
What did the strategic balance look like in the Middle East after 2003, and what regional and international powers were able to impose their will on the region?
The research was divided into three chapters, in addition to an introduction, conclusion, and conclusions reached by the researcher. The first chapter was devoted to the theoretical framework of the concept of the Middle East and the strategic balance, while the second one was devoted to studying regional balances and their reflection on the gains of international balances of power. The focus was on the regional powers that are major players in the region, represented by Iran, Turkey, Saudi Arabia, and Israel. Finally, the third chapter dealt with the repercussions of regional balances on international competition in the Middle East.

This article is interested in the impact of a singular international phenomenon, namely the global securitisation of the HIV/AIDS epidemic, on the domestic structure of three Southern African states: Botswana, Mozambique and South Africa. These countries are geographically located in the epicenter of the global HIV/AIDS epidemic, Southern Africa. However, notwithstanding their common HIV/AIDS burden, Botswana, Mozambique and South Africa present quite different political cultures and institutions which reflected upon the distinctive way they responded to the influence of international HIV/AIDS actors and norms. So, by investigating the latter's impact in these rather diverse settings, the present analysis aims to empirically demonstrate and compare variations in the effects of norm adaptation across states. To carry out this evaluation, the study provides a framework for understanding the securitisation of HIV/AIDS as an international norm defined and promoted mainly by the Joint UN Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS), the US government and transnational HIV/AIDS advocacy networks. The HIV/AIDS securitisation norm (HASN) is an intellectual attempt of the present work to synthesize in a single analytical concept myriad of ideas and international prescriptions about HIV/AIDS interventions. Adapted from the source document.

The International Assessment of Agricultural Knowledge, Science, and Technology for Development (IAASTD) was created in 2002 to address global problems of agriculture and food security. More than 400 scientists contributed to the reports, while delegates participated in an ambitious array of regional, thematic, and global conclaves, all of which concluded in 2008. The panel was launched with strong political support and high expectations, but almost everything that could go wrong did. It became a lightning rod for debates on the role of agribusiness, globalization, biotechnology, and the merits of "science" over "traditional" knowledge. Key governments repudiated the final report. Debate on the merits of the IAASTD still rages in agricultural circles even though the IAASTD is defunct. This article explores the reasons for this failure. Were the issues too intractable? Were there structural problems that prevented an effective dialogue? Or did such ill-assorted delegates simply fail to negotiate effectively? The IAASTD is a cautionary tale on the limits of expert assessments in global governance when "facts are uncertain, values in dispute, stakes are high, and decisions urgent."

Davon ausgehend, dass eine der entscheidenden Konstanten der internationalen Beziehungen deren Konflikthaftigkeit ist, wird zunaechst der Konfliktbegriff im Sinne von Boulding und Singer praezisiert. Anhand dieser begrifflichen Praezisierung werden dann die Bedingungen fuer den Aufstieg und Fall der Entspannungspolitik (Brandt / Schmidt) untersucht und als ein dominierendes Regelmuster zur Entschaerfung des Ost-West-Konflikts waehrend der siebziger Jahre interpretiert. Dem folgt eine Diskussion um die Gruende, die fuer die Erfolglosigkeit der Bemuehungen, die Gegensaetze zwischen den westlichen Industrienationen und den Entwicklungslaendern des Suedens in Form des Nord-Sued- Dialogs zu verringern, verantwortlich sind. (ABi).

Schultze, C.: International trade: myths and reality. - S.13-19. Zoellick, R.: Trade policy, foreign policy and national strategy. - S.21-26. Richardson, D.: Productivity and international trade: a neglected source of improved U.S. economic performance. - S.27-33. Collins, S.: Adjusting to labor market disruptions from trade and other economic changes. - S.35-41

Cover -- Title -- Copyright -- Dedication -- Contents -- Introduction -- Acknowledgments -- A Note on the Text -- Abbreviations -- Chapter One Theoretical Introduction -- 1.1. Identity Debate -- 1.2. Civilian Power Concept -- 1.3. Japan in the Context of Asian History -- 1.4. A Few Remarks about Methodology -- Chapter Two Japan's Identity Dilemma -- 2.1. Introduction -- 2.2. The Dichotomy of Self/Other in Identity Formation -- 2.3. Datsuaron, Integrationism and Other Asianist Movements -- Chapter Three Historical Survey of the Evolution of Japan's Role in the World -- 3.1. Introduction: Japan between China and the West -- 3.2. The Meiji Revolution and its Aftermath -- 3.3. Counter-Movement to the Westernization of the Early Meiji Decades -- 3.4. Japan in Transition: Rise from Low-profile to International Acceptance -- 3.5. Militarism and its Disastrous Consequences -- 3.6. Occupation and Reconstruction -- 3.7. Japan's first Cautious Steps as an Independent State -- 3.8. Japan's Rise as an Economic Power -- 3.9. Japan's Moves toward a More Independent Diplomacy in the 1970s -- 3.10. Balancing between Economics and Politics -- 3.11. The End of the Cold War and its Implications for Japan's Diplomacy -- 3.12. Japan's Role in Multilateral Organizations -- 3.12.1. Japan in the UN Framework -- 3.12.2. Japan in Other Multilateral Organizations -- Chapter Four The Contemporary Political Discourse in Japan on Japan's Foreign Policy -- 4.1. A Survey of Perspectives in the Japanese Political Discourse of the 1990s -- 4.1.1. Introductory Remarks -- 4.1.2. Different Perspectives on Japan's Foreign Policy -- 4.2. Evaluation of the Different Perspectives on Japan's Foreign Policy with Regard to the "Civilian Power" Concept -- 4.2.1. Evaluating the Compatibility of the Different Perspectives with the Civilian Power concept -- Chapter Five Conclusion