Suchergebnisse

Résumé Sociologie politique du droit, cette recherche met en évidence les liens entre le développement après la Seconde Guerre mondiale du droit social international et la mise en place du droit social européen. En s'appuyant sur une sociologie de la mobilisation transnationale des professionnels du droit social, l'enquête analyse le rôle d'intermédiaires que jouent ces juristes (fonctionnaires nationaux et internationaux, universitaires) qui connectent champs académiques nationaux, administrations nationales et organisations internationales entre eux. L'article insiste en particulier sur l'importance des juristes de la Société internationale de droit du travail et de la Sécurité sociale, une association internationale créée avec l'aide de l'Organisation internationale du travail. L'article montre que le développement du droit social européen repose sur des conceptions et des pratiques professionnelles éprouvées internationalement. La mobilisation des juristes de droit social par les fonctionnaires des Communautés européennes rend ainsi le droit social européen dépendant de formes juridiques internationales préexistantes. Le droit social européen s'analyse donc comme le produit d'une régionalisation de savoirs juridiques internationaux.

Opinions, stances of the Albanian community about self-determination and the political demands for an independent political and territorial status of Kosovo by various colonial regimes, are longstanding. The disintegration of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (SFRY) was followed with wars among its constituent parts, and after the international military intervention, the peace was established in the region. By the Resolution 1244 of the Security Council of the UNO, in its 4001 meeting, adopted in June 1999, Kosovo was set under the international civil administration, which was accompanied by the deployment of military defence structure of KFOR, reaching a number of 35 000 soldiers, and the UNMIK civilian structure comprising a staff of 15 000 officials. A lot of various international non-governmental and governmental organizations were also deployed to Kosovo, which tremendously increased the presence of persons with origin of other countries. Such a situation created some favourable conditions for the criminal groups in order to expand the phenomenon of trafficking in persons to such a place as Kosovo being until 1999, trafficking in persons appeared on a low capacity and dynamics, and mainly as a transitional country with the intent of sexual use, while domestic trafficking was still unknown. However, this criminal phenomenon has been constantly increasing and reaching a concerning level, especially after 1999, on the occasion of setting Kosovo under the international administration by the UNO, the territory of Kosovo was no longer considered only a transitional country but also as destination location for the victims of trafficking in persons. The introduction and prevalence of this criminal phenomenon is as a result of Kosovo getting opened to the world, the organization of national criminal groups in cooperation with international organized criminal network. Undoubtedly, the increased number of persons originating from other countries as personnel of the international organizations to Kosovo contributed in increasing the number of trafficking in persons, because it was established that many potential clients using victims sexually were foreign citizens. Moreover, the lack of legal infrastructure on the combat and prevention of trafficking in persons as defined by international legal acts. DOI:10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n2s5p315

Le droit international des droits de l'homme et le droit international humanitaire sont deux branches du droit international public qui partagent l'objectif de protection des individus. Cependant, issus de processus historiques et politiques différents, ces deux régimes juridiques ne se fondent pas sur les mêmes principes et leurs systèmes institutionnels sont fort distincts. Cette recherche se propose d'étudier comment les organes chargés de surveiller la mise en œuvre de principaux instruments régionaux et universels relatifs aux droits de l'homme utilisent le droit international humanitaire. Notre attention se portera sur la contribution que ces organes sont susceptibles d'apporter à la mise en œuvre du droit international humanitaire mais aussi et surtout sur l'impact que la prise en compte de ce dernier peut avoir sur la protection des droits de l'homme. Les questions qui se posent devant nous sont celles de savoir à quel point le recours au droit international humanitaire par les organes chargés de la protection des droits de l'homme est possible, utile et propice à atteindre l'objet et le but d'instruments dont ils sont mandatés de surveiller l'application. Force est de constater que le rôle du droit international humanitaire dans leur travail ne peut qu'être très limité à moins qu'ils trahissent leur mandat et se transforment en juges du droit des conflits armés

Part one presents a summary of demographic data, part two consideres some important issues in the interrelationship between economic, social and demographic variables, with special emphasis given to the problems of food supply and employment; part three deals with the policies and perceptions of governments on population matters

OBJECTIVE: Ethically and legally, assertions that resuscitation is in a patient's best interest should be inversely correlated with willingness to forego intensive care (and accept comfort care) at the surrogate's request. Previous single country studies have demonstrated a relative devaluation of neonates when compared with other critically ill patients. STUDY DESIGN: In this international study, physicians in Argentina, Australia, Canada, Ireland, The Netherlands, Norway and the United States were presented with eight hypothetical vignettes of incompetent critically ill patients of different ages. They were asked to make assessments about best interest, respect for surrogate autonomy and to rank the patients in a triage scenario. RESULTS: In total, 2237 physicians responded (average response rate 61%). In all countries and scenarios, participants did not accept to withhold resuscitation if they estimated it was in the patient's best interest, except for scenarios involving neonates. Young children (other than neonates) were given high priority for resuscitation, regardless of existing disability. For neonates, surrogate autonomy outweighed assessment of best interest. In all countries, a 2-month-old-infant with meningitis and a multiply disabled 7-year old were resuscitated first in the triage scenario, with more variable ranking of the two neonates, which were ranked below patients with considerably worse prognosis. CONCLUSIONS: The value placed on the life of newborns is less than that expected according to predicted clinical outcomes and current legal and ethical theory relative to best interests. Value assessments on the basis of age, disability and prognosis appear to transcend culture, politics and religion in this domain.Journal of Perinatology advance online publication, 13 October 2016; doi:10.1038/jp.2016.168.

The selection committee for the Australian International Political Economy Network (AIPEN) Richard Higgott Journal Article Prize is pleased to announce the articles nominated by AIPEN members for the longlist for the 2023 prize.
The post Longlist for the 2023 Australian International Political Economy Network (AIPEN) Journal Article Prize appeared first on Progress in Political Economy (PPE).