Suchergebnisse

This paper explores the several aspects of the process of reconciliation: the units engaged in reconciliation, the dimensions of reconciliation, and the degree and symmetry between the units along each dimension. Various combinations of these aspects characterize diverse patterns of reconciliation over time. Attention to these aspects help account for the expansion of reconciliation efforts and alternative sequencing of reconciliation acts. Four sets of factors help explain these variations: trends in ways of thinking, trends in material conditions and social relations, contextual events, and local conditions. The analysis yields implications for theory and practice. Adapted from the source document.

The development of social care and common actions of Church, society and state in order to solve social problems are presented in the paper. The author describes the history of social care in Lithuania from its beginning until 1940. The beginning of social care in Lithuania is XVI century. The first social care organisations were initiated by monkhood. The elite, clergy and enlighten members of society established infirmaries and friendly societies. The education of children was organised in catholic tradition until the country was occupied by Russia. During the period of occupation, the institutions of childcare implemented the interests of Russia's state. After the end of Lithuanian press ban, there was the increase in the number of friendly societies. The associations of organisations were established. The most famous were The Lithuanian Association of Mothers and Children Care Organisations and The Lithuanian Friendly Society of Catholic Women. Later the Union of Caritas joined the mentioned ones. In the fourth decade of XX century, there were initiatives to establish the school of social work and start the training of professional social workers.

Social security is an element of the broadly understood state security system. A centralized approach to managing social needs does not take into account the local and regional differentiation of a population's preferences, and, as a result, does not allocate resources in an optimal fashion. Decentralisation contributes to improving efficiency by way of more effective adaptation of public services to social needs, which is achieved by gaining a wider and deeper knowledge about the needs of local communities. Greater power of local authority bodies inspires innovative solutions and stimulates activity and competition between territorial units. It contributes to the rational allocation of resources at the disposal of local authorities, which leads to the conclusion that they are dominant with regard to exercising the social function of the state.

C'est plus particulièrement dans le domaine des politiques sociales menées auprès des populations immigrées ou d'origine immigrée que l'on a fait appel à la médiation interculturelle, cette dernière ayant pour objet les relations entre populations immigrées et institutions de la société d'accueil, entre communautés différentes sur les quartiers, etc. Il est cependant remarquable que ni les auteurs , ni les praticiens ou les initiateurs de politiques sociales ne s'accordent généralement sur une dénomination à
attribuer à cette pratique.